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to the church of the Alexandrians on the return of so great a priest 3..4 and exhorting them to hold his opinions. And from there he came to Antioch of Syria, where the emperor was then staying, and Leontius held the churches; for after the exile of Eustathius, those of the opposing heresy administered the throne of Antioch, first Euphronius, and after him Placetus and then Stephen. And when he was deposed as unworthy, Leontius then administered the bishopric. Whom Athanasius refused as heterodox, and was in communion with those called Eustathians, 3..5 holding church services in private houses. But when he had experience of the benevolent and fair-minded Constantius and it seemed he would receive back his own church, the leaders of the opposing heresy having suggested, "But I," said the emperor, "am ready to fulfill the promises, on the basis of which I recalled you; and you in turn will readily grant whatever favor I might ask; and it is this, that out of the many churches under you, those who refuse to be in communion with you 3..6 may have one." And Athanasius replied, "Indeed, O emperor," he said, "it is just and necessary to obey your commands, and I will not speak against them; but since in this city of Antioch there are those who avoid the communion of those who are heterodox to us, I ask a similar favor, that they too may have one 3..7 church and gather in it without fear." And when the emperor approved that Athanasius 3..7 was speaking justly, it seemed better to those of the other heresy to keep quiet, reasoning that their own opinion would by no means make progress among the Alexandrians because of Athanasius himself, who was capable of holding securely those of like mind and winning over his opponents; but among the Antiochians if this should happen, first the supporters of Eustathius, 3..8 being many, would be organized, and then they would likely attempt new ventures, when it was possible for them to hold what they have without risk. For even though they controlled the churches there, the entire clergy and laity were not completely persuaded by what they believed, but forming into choirs, as is the custom in hymning God, at the end of the odes they would show their own preference. And some glorified the Father and the Son as of equal honor, but others the Father in the Son, declaring by the insertion of the 3.. preposition that the Son was secondary. Of course, as these things were happening thus, Leontius was at a loss as to what to do, who at this time administered the throne of the Antiochians from the opposing heresy, he did not attempt to hinder those hymning God according to the tradition of the council in Nicaea; for he feared that the multitude might revolt; and it is said that touching his head, which was white with gray hair, he said that "when this snow melts, there will be much mud," implying that when he died, the disagreement in the hymns would end in a revolt for the people, as those after him would not tolerate behaving in the same way toward the multitude. 3.21.1 But the emperor sends Athanasius away to Egypt; and he wrote concerning him to the bishops and presbyters city by city and to the people of the church of the Alexandrians, testifying to the uprightness of his life and the virtue of his character, exhorting them to be of one mind and under him as leader to worship the divine with prayers and supplications; and if any, being willfully malicious, should appear seditious, 3.21.2 to inflict punishment according to the established laws concerning these matters. And he ordered that the things previously written by him against Athanasius and those in communion with him be erased from the public records, and that his clerics have, as before, exemption from public duties. And concerning this he wrote to 3.21.3 the governors throughout Egypt and Libya. And when Athanasius arrived in Egypt, those whom he knew to hold the opinions of Arius, he deposed, but to those whom they had deposed, he entrusted the churches according to the faith of the council in Nicaea 3.21.4, and he commanded them to adhere to it with zeal. And it is said that at that time, making his journey through the other nations, he did similar things, if it happened to the

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τῇ ᾿Αλεξανδρέων ἐκκλησίᾳ ἐπὶ τοσούτου ἱερέως 3..4 ἐπανόδῳ καὶ τὰ αὐτοῦ φρονεῖν παρακελευομένην. ἐντεῦθέν τε ἧκεν εἰς ᾿Αντιόχειαν τῆς Συρίας, ἔνθα τότε διέτριβεν ὁ βασιλεύς, τὰς δὲ ἐκκλησίας κατεῖχε Λεόντιος· μετὰ γὰρ τὴν Εὐσταθίου φυγὴν οἱ ἐκ τῆς ἐναντίας αἱρέσεως τὸν ᾿Αντιοχείας ἐπετρόπευον θρόνον, πρῶτος μὲν Εὐφρόνιος, μετὰ δὲ τοῦτον Πλάκητος καὶ ἐφεξῆς Στέφανος. ὡς ἀναξίου δὲ αὐτοῦ ἀποχειροτονηθέντος Λεόντιος τότε τὴν ἐπισκοπὴν διεῖπεν. ὃν ὡς ἑτερόδοξον παρῃτεῖτο ᾿Αθανάσιος, τοῖς δὲ καλουμένοις Εὐσταθιανοῖς ἐκοινώνει ἐν 3..5 ἰδιωτῶν οἰκίαις ἐκκλησιάζων. ἐπεὶ δὲ εὔνου καὶ ἐπιεικοῦς ἐπειράθη Κωνσταντίου καὶ ἐδόκει τὴν ἰδίαν αὐτοῦ ἀπολαβεῖν ἐκκλησίαν, ὑποθεμένων τῶν προεστώτων τῆς ἐναντίας αἱρέσεως «ἀλλ' ἐγὼ μέν», ἔφη ὁ βασιλεύς, «ἕτοιμός εἰμι περᾶναι τὰς ὑποσχέσεις, ἐφ' αἷς σε μετεκαλεσάμην· ἐν δίκῃ δὲ καὶ αὐτός, ἣν ἂν αἰτήσαιμι χάριν, προθύμως συγχωρήσεις· ἡ δέ ἐστιν, ὥστε ἐκ πολλῶν τῶν ὑπὸ σὲ ἐκκλησιῶν μίαν ἔχειν τοὺς κοινωνεῖν σοι παραι3..6 τουμένους.» ὑπολαβὼν δὲ ᾿Αθανάσιος «καὶ μάλα, βασιλεῦ», εἶπε, «δίκαιον καὶ ἀναγκαῖον τοῖς σοῖς προστάγμασι πείθεσθαι, καὶ οὐκ ἀντερῶ· ἐπεὶ δὲ καὶ ἀνὰ τήνδε τὴν ᾿Αντιόχειαν πόλιν εἰσὶν οἱ τὴν κοινωνίαν τῶν ἑτεροδόξων ἡμῖν ἀποφεύγοντες, παραπλησίαν αἰτῶ χάριν, ὥστε καὶ αὐτοὺς μίαν ἔχειν 3..7 ἐκκλησίαν καὶ ἀδεῶς ἐν ταύτῃ συνιέναι.» δίκαια δὲ λέγειν ᾿Αθανάσιον 3..7 τοῦ βασιλέως δοκιμάσαντος ἄμεινον ἐφάνη τοῖς ἀπὸ τῆς ἑτέρας αἱρέσεως ἡσυχίαν ἄγειν, λογιζομένοις ὡς οὐ πάντως τὰ τῆς οἰκείας δόξης ἐπίδοσιν ἕξει παρὰ ᾿Αλεξανδρεῦσι δι' αὐτὸν ᾿Αθανάσιον ἱκανὸν ὄντα τοὺς ὁμοφρονοῦν-τας ἀσφαλῶς ἔχειν καὶ τοὺς ἐναντίους ἐπάγεσθαι· παρὰ δὲ ᾿Αντιοχεῦσιν εἰ τοῦτο γένοιτο, πρῶτον μὲν συγκροτηθήσεσθαι τοὺς Εὐσταθίου ἐπαινέτας 3..8 πολλοὺς ὄντας, ἔπειτα δὲ ὡς εἰκὸς νεωτέρων αὐτοὺς πειραθήσεσθαι πραγμάτων, ἐξὸν ἀκινδύνως ἔχειν οὓς ἔχουσιν. ἐπεὶ καὶ κρατούντων αὐτῶν τῶν τῇδε ἐκκλησιῶν οὐ παντελῶς οἷς ἐδόξαζον ὁ πᾶς κλῆρος καὶ ὁ λαὸς ἐπείθοντο, ἀλλὰ κατὰ χορούς, ὡς ἔθος ἐν τῷ ὑμνεῖν τὸν θεόν, συνιστάμενοι, πρὸς τῷ τέλει τῶν ᾠδῶν τὴν οἰκείαν προαίρεσιν ἐπεδείκνυον. καὶ οἱ μὲν πατέρα καὶ υἱὸν ὡς ὁμότιμον ἐδόξαζον, οἱ δὲ πατέρα ἐν υἱῷ, τῇ παρενθέσει τῆς 3.. προθέσεως δευτερεύειν τὸν υἱὸν ἀποφαίνοντες. ἀμέλει τοι τούτων ὧδε γινομένων ἀπορῶν ὅ τι ποιήσειε Λεόντιος, ὃς κατὰ τόνδε τὸν χρόνον ἐκ τῆς ἐναντίας αἱρέσεως τὸν ᾿Αντιοχέων διεῖπε θρόνον, κωλύειν μὲν οὐκ ἐπεχείρησε τοὺς κατὰ τὴν παράδοσιν τῆς ἐν Νικαίᾳ συνόδου τὸν θεὸν ὑμνοῦντας· ἐδεδίει γὰρ μὴ στασιάσῃ τὸ πλῆθος· λέγεται δὲ τῆς κεφαλῆς ἐφαψάμενος ὑπὸ πολιᾶς λευκῆς οὔσης εἰπεῖν ὡς «ταυτησὶ τῆς χιόνος λυθείσης πολὺς ἔσται πηλός», ὑποδηλῶν ὡς αὐτοῦ τελευτήσαντος εἰς στάσιν τῷ λαῷ καταλήξει ἡ ἐν τοῖς ὕμνοις διαφωνία, μὴ ἀνεχομένων τῶν μετ' αὐτὸν ὁμοίως συμπεριφέρεσθαι τῷ πλήθει. 3.21.1 ῾Ο δὲ βασιλεὺς ἀποπέμπει ᾿Αθανάσιον εἰς Αἴγυπτον· ἔγραψε δὲ περὶ αὐτοῦ τοῖς κατὰ πόλιν ἐπισκόποις καὶ πρεσβυτέροις καὶ τῷ λαῷ τῆς ᾿Αλεξανδρέων ἐκκλησίας, ὀρθότητά τε βίου μαρτυρῶν αὐτῷ καὶ τρόπων ἀρετήν, παρακελευόμενος ὁμονοεῖν καὶ ὑπὸ πρωτοστάτῃ αὐτῷ εὐχαῖς καὶ ἱκεσίαις τὸ θεῖον θεραπεύειν· εἰ δέ τινες ἐθελοκακοῦντες στασιώδεις ἀναφανεῖεν, 3.21.2 τιμωρίαν διδόναι κατὰ τοὺς περὶ τούτων κειμένους νόμους. προσέταξε δὲ καὶ τὰ πρότερον παρ' αὐτοῦ γραφέντα κατὰ ᾿Αθανασίου καὶ τῶν αὐτῷ κοινωνούντων ἀπὸ τῶν δημοσίων ὑπομνημάτων ἀπαλιφῆναι, καὶ ὡς τὸ πρὶν ἀτέλειαν ἔχειν λειτουργημάτων τοὺς αὐτοῦ κληρικούς. καὶ περὶ τούτου πρὸς 3.21.3 τοὺς ἀνὰ τὴν Αἴγυπτον καὶ Λιβύην ἄρχοντας ἔγραψε. παραγενόμενος δὲ ᾿Αθανάσιος εἰς Αἴγυπτον, οὓς μὲν ἔγνω τὰ ᾿Αρείου φρονοῦντας, καθεῖλεν, οἷς δὲ αὐτοὶ καθεῖλον, τὰς ἐκκλησίας ἐπέτρεψε κατὰ τὴν πίστιν τῆς ἐν Νικαίᾳ 3.21.4 συνόδου, καὶ σπουδῇ ταύτης ἔχεσθαι ἐνετέλλετο. λέγεται δὲ τότε καὶ διὰ τῶν ἄλλων ἐθνῶν τὴν ὁδοιπορίαν ποιούμενος ὅμοια πρᾶξαι, εἰ συνέβαινε ταῖς