69

is the great Moses, the maker of wondrous signs and portents, the cosmographer of creation, who was honored with shadows of our true shepherd Christ and whose face was glorified by God, who foretold in words and deeds the things of the economy of the Lord Christ; by deeds, indeed, as when he redeemed Israel from the slavery of the Egyptians, instituting the Passover and the sprinkling of the blood, making the crossing of the sea as a type of baptism; through the cloud foretelling the giving of the law, and prefiguring the sojourn in the desert as a type of the Holy Spirit and of the Church; by setting up the bronze serpent on high he proclaimed beforehand the passion of the Lord Christ through the cross; by sending them into the land of promise through Jesus he prefigured the dwelling place in the heavens. O supernatural office of a mediator, recorded through many wonders. 5.112 And what need is there to speak also of the tabernacle, which is a model of the whole cosmos, in which he also placed the mercy-seat, holding the place of the Lord Christ? But lest we prolong the discourse, having often spoken of these things before, let us come to his prophecy which is through words. He says therefore thus: "A prophet shall the Lord God raise up for you from your brothers, like me; you shall listen to him in all things, whatever he may say to you; and it shall be that every soul who will not listen to that prophet shall be destroyed from among the people." And again the same man writes what was said by Balaam: "A star shall rise out of Jacob, and a man shall arise out of Israel, and shall crush the rulers of Moab and shall subdue all the sons of Seth." 5.113 The sons of Seth are the whole world, and this does not apply, except to the Lord Christ; for Seth is interpreted as 'foundation'. Since therefore Cain and his entire seed perished in the flood, and Abel died younger and childless, Seth was born after these, from whom both Noah and the whole world is descended, being as it were a certain foundation of humankind. For this reason Adam, inspired by the cause, named him, calling him Seth, that is, 'foundation'; for this reason he said: "And he shall subdue all the sons of Seth," in order to say the whole world; and this applies to Christ and to him alone, to whom all of Holy Scripture looks. Marginal Note 5.114 And he, born fair in the sight of God, was raised in the royal palace of Egypt, educated in all the wisdom of the Egyptians; and afterwards, having been taken up on Mount Sinai, he is taught also the wisdom of God, and is sent again to Egypt, bearing a type of the one who redeems the world from slavery and bestows freedom and adoption. For he redeems the Israelites from the slavery of the Egyptians, having prefigured the sprinkling of the blood and the Passover; by leading them across the Red Sea, he prefigures baptism; the giving of the law foretells the descent of the Holy Spirit; the sojourn in the desert signifies the tradition of the Church; the entrance into the land of promise, he foretold through his own successor the dwelling place of the heavens; his face having been glorified by God, he partially prefigured the glories that were to come. 5.115 Not only through types, but also through words did he prophesy concerning the mystery of Christ. And again, he himself first showed to the world the experience of letters in this life; having contemplated the creation and description of the entire cosmos in mysteries, he wrote it down; he showed the types of the first and second states. Glory to him who always wisely orders the affairs of the human race through his own nurslings. The Text 5.116 So then after Moses and his successor Joshua, the son of Nun, and after the Judges who were in Israel, when Saul had finally taken the kingdom and was rejected, God raised up for them a virtuous, just, and prophetic king, who composed a book of one hundred and fifty psalms, moved by the Holy Spirit, in meter according to the proper measure of the Hebrew language

69

ἐστιν ὁ μέγας Μωϋσῆς, ὁ τῶν παραδόξων σημείων καὶ τεράτων ποιητής, ὁ τῆς κτίσεως κοσμογράφος, ὁ σκιαῖς τοῦ ἀληθινοῦ ἡμῶν ποιμένος Χριστοῦ τετιμημένος καὶ προσώπῳ ὑπὸ Θεοῦ δεδοξασμένος, ὁ λόγοις καὶ ἔργοις προμηνύων τὰ τῆς οἰκονομίας τοῦ ∆εσπότου Χριστοῦ· ἔργοις μέν, ὡς τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἐκ δουλείας Αἰγυπτίων λυτρώσασθαι, τὸ πάσχα καὶ τὴν πρόσχυσιν τοῦ αἵματος, ποιησάμενος τὴν διάβασιν τῆς θαλάσσης ὡς ἐπὶ βαπτίσματος· διὰ τῆς νεφέλης προμηνύων τὴν δόσιν τοῦ νόμου, καὶ τῆς ἐρήμου τὴν διαγωγὴν ὡς ἐπὶ τοῦ ἁγίου Πνεύματος καὶ τῆς Ἐκκλησίας προτυπού μενος· τὸν ὄφιν τὸν χαλκοῦν ἐφ' ὑψηλοῦ στήσας τὸ πάθος τὸ διὰ τοῦ σταυροῦ τοῦ ∆εσπότου Χριστοῦ προκατήγγειλε· τὴν εἴσοδον τῆς γῆς τῆς ἐπαγγελίας διὰ Ἰησοῦ παραπέμψας τὸ κατοικητήριον τὸ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς προεγράφετο. Ὢ τάξις μεσίτου ὑπερφυὴς διὰ πλειόνων θαυμάτων ἱστορουμένη. 5.112 Τί δὲ δεῖ λέγειν καὶ περὶ τῆς σκηνῆς τῆς οὔσης ἐκμαγεῖον παντὸς τοῦ κόσμου, ἐν ᾗ καὶ τὸ ἱλαστήριον ἔθετο, τάξιν ἐπέχον τοῦ ∆εσπότου Χριστοῦ; Ἀλλ' ἵνα μὴ μηκύνωμεν τὸν λόγον, πολλάκις αὐτὰ προειρηκότες, ἐπὶ τὴν προφητείαν αὐτοῦ τὴν διὰ τῶν λόγων ἔλθωμεν. Λέγει τοίνυν οὕτως· "Προφήτην ὑμῖν ἀναστήσει Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς ἐκ τῶν ἀδελφῶν ὑμῶν ὡς ἐμέ· αὐτοῦ ἀκούσεσθε κατὰ πάντα, ὅσα ἂν εἴπῃ πρὸς ὑμᾶς· ἔσται δὲ πᾶσα ψυχή, ἥτις οὐκ ἀκούσει τοῦ προφήτου ἐκείνου, ἐξολοθρευθήσεται ἐκ τοῦ λαοῦ αὐτῆς." Καὶ πάλιν ὁ αὐτὸς συγγράφει ὡς ἀπὸ τοῦ Βαλαὰμ εἰρημένον· "Ἀνατελεῖ ἄστρον ἐξ Ἰακὼβ καὶ ἀναστήσεται ἄνθρωπος ἐξ Ἰσραὴλ καὶ θραύσει τοὺς ἀρχηγοὺς Μωὰβ καὶ ὑποτάξει πάντας τοὺς υἱοὺς Σήθ" 5.113 Υἱοὶ δὲ Σὴθ ὅλος ὁ κόσμος ἐστί, καὶ οὐχ ἁρμόζει τοῦτο, εἰ μὴ ἐπὶ τοῦ ∆εσπότου Χριστοῦ· ὁ γὰρ Σὴθ θεμέλιος ἑρμηνεύεται. Ἐπειδὴ οὖν ὁ Κάϊν καὶ τὸ τούτου σπέρμα ἐν τῷ κατακλυσμῷ ὅλον ἀπώλετο, Ἄβελ δὲ νεώτερος ἄπαις ἐτελεύτησε, τούτων ὁ Σὴθ μεταγενέστερος ἐγένετο, ἐξ οὗ καὶ ὁ Νῶε καὶ πᾶς ὁ κόσμος κατάγεται, ὥσπερ τις θεμέλιος ὢν τῶν ἀνθρώπων. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο ἐκ τῆς αἰτίας ἐνθουσιασθεὶς αὐτὸν ὁ Ἀδὰμ ἐπωνόμασε, Σὴθ αὐτὸν προσαγορεύσας, τουτέστι θεμέλιος· διὰ τοῦτο εἶπε· "Καὶ ὑποτάξει πάντας τοὺς υἱοὺς Σήθ", ἵνα εἴπῃ ὅλον τὸν κόσμον· τοῦτο δὲ ἐπὶ τοῦ Χριστοῦ καὶ μόνον ἁρμόζει, πρὸς ὃν πᾶσα ἡ θεία Γραφὴ ἀφορᾷ. Παραγραφή 5.114 Καὶ οὗτος, ἀστεῖος τῷ Θεῷ γεννηθείς, ἀνετρέφετο μὲν εἰς τὰ βασίλεια τῆς Αἰγύπτου, παιδευόμενος πᾶσαν σοφίαν Αἰγυπτίων· καὶ μετέπειτα, παραληφθεὶς ἐν τῷ ὄρει Σινᾷ, διδάσκεται καὶ τοῦ Θεοῦ τὴν σοφίαν, καὶ ἀποστέλλεται πάλιν ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ, τύπον ἐπιφερόμενος τοῦ λυτρουμένου τὸν κόσμον ἐκ δουλείας καὶ ἐλευθερίαν καὶ υἱοθεσίαν χαριζομένου. Λυτροῦται γὰρ τοὺς Ἰσραηλίτας ἐκ τῆς δουλείας τῶν Αἰγυπτίων, τὴν πρόσχυσιν τοῦ αἵματος καὶ τὸ πάσχα προδιαγραψάμενος· τὴν Ἐρυθρὰν θάλασσαν διαβιβάσας, τὸ βάπτισμα προτυποῖ· τὴν δόσιν τοῦ νόμου, τοῦ ἁγίου Πνεύματος τὴν κάθοδον προμηνύει· τὴν διαγωγὴν τῆς ἐρήμου, τὴν τῆς Ἐκκλησίας παράδοσιν προσημαίνει· τὴν εἴσοδον τῆς γῆς τῆς ἐπαγγελίας, τὸ τῶν οὐρανῶν οἰκητήριον διὰ τοῦ διαδόχου ἑαυτοῦ προεμήνυσε· τὸ πρόσωπον ὑπὸ Θεοῦ δοξασθεὶς τὰς μετὰ ταῦτα δόξας μερικῶς προδιεγράφετο. 5.115 Οὐ μόνον δὲ διὰ τύπων, ἀλλὰ καὶ διὰ λόγων προεφήτευε περὶ τοῦ κατὰ Χριστὸν μυστηρίου. Καὶ πάλιν τῶν γραμμάτων τὴν πεῖραν ἐν τῷδε τῷ βίῳ αὐτὸς πρῶτος τῷ κόσμῳ ὑπέδειξε· τοῦ παντὸς κόσμου τὴν ποίησιν καὶ τὴν διαγραφὴν ἐν μυστηρίοις θεωρήσας ἀνεγράψατο· πρώτης καὶ δευτέρας καταστάσεως τοὺς τύπους ὑπέδειξε. ∆όξα τῷ ἀεὶ σοφῶς διὰ τῶν ἑαυτοῦ τροφίμων οἰκονομοῦντι τὰ κατὰ τὸ ἀνθρώπειον γένος. Τὸ κείμενον 5.116 Μετὰ τὸν Μωϋσέα τοίνυν καὶ τὸν τούτου διάδοχον Ἰησοῦν, τὸν τοῦ Ναυή, καὶ μετὰ τοὺς γενομένους Κριτὰς ἐν τῷ Ἰσραήλ, ἐπιλαβομένου λοιπὸν τῆς βασιλείας τοῦ Σαοὺλ καὶ ἀποδοκιμασθέντος, ἤγειρεν αὐτοῖς ὁ Θεὸς βασιλέα ἐνάρετον δίκαιόν τε καὶ προφήτην, ὃς συνέταξε βίβλον ψαλμῶν ἑκατὸν πεντήκοντα, ἐκ Πνεύματος ἁγίου κινούμενος, ἐμμέτρως κατὰ τὸ μέτρον τὸ ἴδιον τῆς ἑβραίας