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called the Lord’s because of their being brought up together. 4. For this James was the son of Joseph from Joseph's first wife, not from Mary, as has been said by us in many places and has been more clearly treated by us. But we also find that he was of David because he was the son of Joseph, and had become a Nazirite—for he was the firstborn to Joseph and was consecrated; and we have also found that he served as a priest according to the old priesthood. Therefore it was permitted for him once a year to enter the holy of holies, as the law commanded the high priests according to what is written; for thus many before us have related concerning him, both Eusebius and Clement and others. But it was also permitted for him to wear the plate upon his head, as the aforementioned trustworthy men have testified in their commentaries. Therefore, as I said, 1.325 our Lord Jesus Christ is “a priest forever according to the order of Melchizedek,” and at the same time a king according to the order from above, in order to transfer the priesthood along with the legislation. And of the seed of David according to Mary he sits on a throne, * forever and of his kingdom there will be no end. For it was necessary for him now to transfer the order of the kingdom of that time. For his kingdom is not from the earth, as he said in the Gospel to Pontius Pilate, “My kingdom is not of this world.” For since Christ fulfills all things through riddles, the suppositions reached a certain measure. For he did not come in order to receive advancement of a kingdom, he who is always reigning; but he bestowed the kingdom on those appointed by him, so that he might not be thought to be advancing from small things to greater things. For his throne remains and of his kingdom there will be no end, and he sits upon the throne of David, having transferred the kingdom of David and bestowed it upon his own servants along with the high priesthood, that is, to the high priests of the catholic church. And there are many things to say about this, but nevertheless since I have come to the place concerning the reason why those who believed in Christ were called Jessaeans before being called Christians, for this reason we have said that Jesse is the father of David, and they were called Jessaeans either from the hypothesis of this Jesse or from the name of Jesus our Lord because they originated from Jesus, being his disciples, or because of the etymology of the name of the Lord; for Jesus in the Hebrew dialect is called healer or physician and savior. Nevertheless, they possessed this name as a title before they were called Christians. But at Antioch, as we mentioned above and as the hypothesis of the truth holds, the disciples and the whole church of God began to be called Christians. 1.326 5. And you might find, O lover of letters, the hypothesis of these things by encountering the commentaries of Philo in his book entitled “On the Jessaeans,” as in describing their way of life and praises and relating their monasteries in the region around Lake Mareia, the man did not relate about any others, but about Christians. For having been in this country—they call the place Mareotis—and having lodged with them in the monasteries in this area, he was benefited. For being there during the days of Pascha, he observed their ways of life and how some would continue by fasting through the holy week of Pascha, while others ate every other day, and others every evening. And all these things were treated by the man with regard to the hypothesis concerning the faith and way of life of the Christians. As therefore they were called Jessaeans at that time for a short while after the ascension of the Savior and Mark had preached in the country of the Egyptians, during these times some came forth again, supposedly followers of the apostles, I mean the Nazoraeans indicated by me here, being in fact according to the

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κυρίου κληθέντος διὰ τὴν συνανατροφήν. 4. Ἦν γὰρ ὁ Ἰάκωβος οὗτος υἱὸς τοῦ Ἰωσὴφ ἐκ πρώτης γυναικὸς τοῦ Ἰωσήφ, οὐκ ἀπὸ Μαρίας, ὡς καὶ εἰς πολλοὺς τόπους τοῦτο ἡμῖν εἴρηται καὶ σαφέστερον ἡμῖν πεπραγμάτευται. ἀλλὰ καὶ εὑρίσκομεν αὐτὸν ἐκ τοῦ ∆αυὶδ ὄντα διὰ τὸ υἱὸν εἶναι τοῦ Ἰωσήφ, Ναζιραῖόν τε γενόμενον ἦν γὰρ πρωτότοκος τῷ Ἰωσὴφ καὶ ἡγιασμένος· ἔτι δὲ καὶ ἱερατεύσαντα αὐτὸν κατὰ τὴν παλαιὰν ἱερωσύνην ηὕρομεν. διὸ καὶ ἐφίετο αὐτῷ ἅπαξ τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ εἰς τὰ ἅγια τῶν ἁγίων εἰσιέναι, ὡς τοῖς ἀρχιερεῦσιν ἐκέλευσεν ὁ νόμος κατὰ τὸ γεγραμμένον· οὕτως γὰρ ἱστόρησαν πολλοὶ πρὸ ἡμῶν περὶ αὐτοῦ, Εὐσέβιός τε καὶ Κλήμης καὶ ἄλλοι. ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸ πέταλον ἐπὶ τῆς κεφαλῆς ἐξῆν αὐτῷ φορεῖν, καθὼς οἱ προειρημένοι ἀξιόπιστοι ἄνδρες ἐν τοῖς αὐτοῖς ὑπομνηματισμοῖς ἐμαρτύρησαν. «ἱερεύς» τοίνυν, ὡς ἔφην, 1.325 ὁ κύριος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦς Χριστός «εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα κατὰ τὴν τάξιν Μελχισεδέκ», βασιλεύς τε ὁμοῦ κατὰ τὴν τάξιν τὴν ἄνωθεν, ἵνα μεταγάγῃ τὴν ἱερωσύνην ἅμα τῇ νομοθεσίᾳ. τοῦ δὲ σπέρματος ∆αυὶδ κατὰ τὴν Μαρίαν καθεζομένου ἐν θρόνῳ, * εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα καὶ τῆς βασιλείας αὐτοῦ οὐκ ἔσται τέλος. ἔδει γὰρ αὐτὸν νῦν μεταγαγεῖν τὴν τάξιν τοῦ τότε βασιλείου. καὶ γὰρ ἡ βασιλεία αὐτοῦ οὐκ ἔστιν ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς, ὡς ἔλεγεν ἐν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ Ποντίῳ Πιλάτῳ «ἡ βασιλεία μου οὐκ ἔστιν ἐκ τοῦ κόσμου τούτου». τοῦ γὰρ Χριστοῦ τὰ πάντα πληροῦντος δι' αἰνιγμάτων, ἕως τινὸς μέτρου αἱ ὑποθέσεις ἔφθανον. οὐ γὰρ ἦλθεν, ἵνα προκοπὴν λάβῃ βασιλείας, ὁ βασιλεύων ἀεί· ἐχαρίσατο δὲ τοῖς ὑπ' αὐτοῦ καθισταμένοις τὸ βασίλειον, ἵνα μὴ νομισθῇ ἀπὸ τῶν μικρῶν ἐπὶ τὰ μείζονα προκόπτειν. μένει γὰρ αὐτοῦ ὁ θρόνος καὶ τῆς βασιλείας αὐτοῦ οὐκ ἔσται τέλος καὶ κάθηται ἐπὶ τὸν θρόνον ∆αυίδ, τὸ βασίλειον τοῦ ∆αυὶδ μεταστήσας καὶ χαρισάμενος τοῖς ἑαυτοῦ δούλοις ἅμα τῇ ἀρχιερωσύνῃ, τουτέστι τοῖς ἀρχιερεῦσι τῆς καθολικῆς ἐκκλησίας. καὶ πολλὰ ἔστι περὶ τούτου λέγειν, ἀλλ' ὅμως ἐπειδὴ εἰς τὸν τόπον ἐλήλυθα δι' ἣν αἰτίαν Ἰεσσαῖοι ἐκαλοῦντο πρὶν τοῦ καλεῖσθαι Χριστιανοὶ οἱ εἰς Χριστὸν πεπιστευκότες, τούτου ἕνεκα ἔφημεν ὅτι ὁ Ἰεσσαὶ πατὴρ γίνεται τοῦ ∆αυίδ, καὶ ἤτοι ἐξ ὑποθέσεως τούτου τοῦ Ἰεσσαὶ ἤτοι ἐκ τοῦ ὀνόματος Ἰησοῦ τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν ἐπεκλήθησαν Ἰεσσαῖοι διὰ τὸ ἐξ Ἰησοῦ ὁρμᾶσθαι, μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ ὄντες, ἢ διὰ τὸ τῆς ἐτυμολογίας τοῦ ὀνόματος τοῦ κυρίου· Ἰησοῦς γὰρ κατὰ τὴν Ἑβραϊκὴν διάλεκτον θεραπευτὴς καλεῖται ἤτοι ἰατρὸς καὶ σωτήρ. ὅμως τούτῳ τῷ ὀνόματι πρὶν τοῦ Χριστιανοὺς αὐτοὺς καλεῖσθαι τὴν ἐπωνυμίαν ἐκέκτηντο. ἐπὶ Ἀντιοχείας δέ, καθάπερ ἄνω ἐπεμνήσθημεν καὶ ὡς ἔχει ἡ τῆς ἀληθείας ὑπόθεσις, ἤρξαντο οἱ μαθηταὶ καὶ πᾶσα ἡ ἐκκλησία τοῦ θεοῦ Χριστιανοὶ καλεῖσθαι. 1.326 5. Εὕροις δ' ἄν, ὦ φιλολόγε, καὶ τούτων τὴν ὑπόθεσιν ἐντυχὼν τοῖς τοῦ Φίλωνος ὑπομνήμασιν ἐν τῇ περὶ Ἰεσσαίων αὐτοῦ ἐπιγραφομένῃ βίβλῳ, ὡς τούτων τὴν πολιτείαν καὶ τὰ ἐγκώμια διεξιὼν καὶ τὰ αὐτῶν μοναστήρια ἐν τῇ κατὰ τὴν Μάρειαν λίμνην ἱστορῶν περιοικίδι οὐ περί τινων ἑτέρων ὁ ἀνὴρ ἱστόρησεν, ἀλλὰ περὶ Χριστιανῶν. οὗτος γὰρ γενόμενος ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ Μαρεῶτιν δὲ τὸν τόπον καλοῦσι καὶ καταχθεὶς παρ' αὐτοῖς ἐν τοῖς κατὰ τὸν χῶρον τοῦτον μοναστηρίοις ὠφέληται. ἐν ἡμέραις γὰρ τῶν Πάσχων ἐκεῖ γενόμενος, τάς τε αὐτῶν πολιτείας ἐθεάσατο καὶ ὥς τινες ἑβδομάδα τὴν ἁγίαν τῶν Πάσχων ὑπερτιθέμενοι διετέλουν, ἄλλοι δὲ διὰ δύο ἐσθίοντες, ἄλλοι δὲ καὶ καθ' ἑσπέραν. ἦν δὲ πάντα ταῦτα τῷ ἀνδρὶ πεπραγματευμένα εἰς τὴν περὶ πίστεώς τε καὶ πολιτείας τῶν Χριστιανῶν ὑπόθεσιν. ὡς οὖν τότε ἐκαλοῦντο Ἰεσσαῖοι ἐπ' ὀλίγῳ χρόνῳ μετὰ τὴν ἀνάληψιν τοῦ σωτῆρος καὶ Μάρκου τῇ τῶν Αἰγυπτίων χώρᾳ κηρύξαντος κατὰ τοὺς χρόνους τούτους τινὲς ἐξεληλύθασι πάλιν, τῶν ἀποστόλων δῆθεν ἀκόλουθοι, λέγω δὲ οἱ ἐνταῦθά μοι δηλούμενοι Ναζωραῖοι, ὄντες μὲν κατὰ τὸ