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and he considers his paternal and our native land dearer than his own on account of the 'rightly dividing word of truth' among us, and having come here, he chooses an even more precise life, that is, the solitary one, and as a place for dwelling the one eponymous with holiness, on the boundary of the world and the things beyond the world (this is Athos, the hearth of virtue), having been eager to live there. And there first he showed that he knew well how to be ruled, by submitting to the chosen fathers; and having for a long time given them the experience of his own humility, he himself receives from them in return the peace of the arts, that is, the experience of stillness, and he becomes a leader of those in the intellectual world who are stripping for the fight (p. 352) against the spiritual things of wickedness, for whom he also made a collection of patristic counsels, anointing for the struggles and setting forth the ways of the contests and showing beforehand the prizes and outlining the crowns of victory; then, in addition to this, since he saw many of the beginners unable to control even moderately the instability of the mind, he also proposes a method by which they might moderately restrain its much-wandering and imaginative nature.

Upon this man, therefore, this philosopher unleashed his own imaginative complexity of thought, like a fire, using the one who hindered him as if he were fuel, with no reverence for that blessed confession and the exile on account of it, with no reverence for those who had associated with him in exile and had been taught divine things by him, who have been revealed to the Church as salt of the earth and light of the world, and brighter than luminaries, ‘holding forth the word of life’ (You hear of that Theoleptos, who shone upon the city of Philadelphia as upon a lampstand, Selioetes the guide of the monks, Elias who embraced the desert for almost his whole life in the manner of Elias, the others through whom God, having brought back His own Church, adorned and established it), not even on account of these men, therefore, and those taught by them and who still now adhere to the same way of life, was he persuaded to abandon his not good suspicions, that is to say his words, against the man, or if not, at least to stop dishonoring with long treatises him whom, if he were to praise, he would certainly not have been able to do so worthily; but the fact that the writing was composed by him simply and artlessly, this moved him to contradiction, from which he was also able to find his pretexts. And so, that we may now say that theological maxim, ‘not the one wise in words is wise to us, nor whoever has a versatile tongue but an uneducated soul, just as tombs which, being beautiful on the outside (p. 254), conceal a great stench within with decaying corpses, but whoever adds the credibility of his words through his life and adorns the uncomeliness of his sayings with his deeds’. But in fact this wise man was not even able to attack those simple sayings without first distorting them, as we will show clearly shortly.

Now, since this man, at the beginning and at the end, teaches on his own authority about noetic prayer, let us too briefly examine this teaching of his; for it is of such a kind as to deceive many of the inexperienced through plausible words, but none of those who have even moderately tasted true prayer. Let us, therefore, consider this teaching of his only so far as to show its discordance with the fathers. For he begins with things acknowledged by the fathers, but ends on a path completely contrary to them. For he says at the beginning that one who is practicing prayer must provide tranquility to the senses, and through this, having deceived the listener into thinking he is saying things in harmony with the fathers, he then concludes from this that one must completely deaden the passionate part of the soul so that it does not act according to any of its powers, and in addition every common activity of soul and body; ‘for to prayer,’ he says, ‘each one becomes an obstacle, and especially insofar as it partakes of violence in any way and produces pleasure or pain, and even more so concerning the most dense and

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καί τά πατρῷα καί τήν ἡμεδαπήν τῆς σφετέρας φιλτέραν ἡγεῖται διά τόν παρ᾿ ἡμῖν «ὀρθοτομοῦντα λόγον τῆς ἀληθείας», κἀν ταύτῃ γενόμενος, βίον μέν αἱρεῖται καί ἀκριβέστερον, δηλαδή τόν μονήρη, τόπον δέ πρός κατοικίαν τόν τῆς ἁγιωσύνης ἐπώνυμον, ἐν μεθορίῳ κόσμου καί τῶν ὑπερκοσμίων (Ἄθως οὗτός ἐστιν, ἡ τῆς ἀρετῆς ἑστία), ἐνδιαιτᾶσθαι πριθυμηθείς. Κἀνταῦθα πρῶτον μέν ἔδειξεν εἰδώς καλῶς ἄρχεσθαι τοῖς ἐκκρίτοις πατέρων ὑποταττόμενος δούς δέ διά μακροῦ χρόνου τῆς οἰκείας ταπεινώσεως ἐκείνοις τήν πεῖραν, ἀντιλαμβάνει παρ᾿ ἐκείνων αὐτός τῆς τῶν τεχνῶν εἰρήνης, δηλαδή τῆς ἡσυχίας τήν πεῖραν καί ἀρχηγός γίνεται τῶν ἐν τῷ κατά διάνοιαν κόσμῳ πρός τήν πάλην (σελ. 352) ἀποδυομένων τῶν τῆς πονηρίας πενυματικῶν, οἷς καί πατερικῶν εἰσηγήσεων ἐποιήσατο συλλογήν, ἐπαλείφουσάν τε πρός τούς ἀγῶνας καί διατιθεῖσαν τούς τρόπους τῶν ἄθλων καί προδεικνῦσαν τά ἔπαθλα καί ὑπογράφουσαν τούς στεφάνους τῆς νίκης˙ εἶτ᾿ ἐπί τούτοις, ἐπειδή πολλούς τῶν εἰσαγομένων ἑώρα τῆς ἀστασίας τοῦ νοῦ μηδέ μετρίως γοῦν κρατεῖν δυναμένους, καί τρόπον ὑποτίθεται δι᾿ οὗ τό πολυπόρευτον καί φαντασιῶδες αὐτοῦ μετρίως συστείλειαν.

Τούτῳ τοίνυν ὁ φιλόσοφος οὗτος τήν ἑαυτοῦ φαντασιώδη πολύνοιαν ἐπαφῆκεν, οἷόν τι πῦρ, τῷ κωλύοντι καθάπερ ὕλη χρησάμενον, οὐκ αἰδοῖ τῆς μακαρίας ἐκείνης ὁμολογίας καί τῆς δι᾿ αὐτήν ἐξορίας, οὐκ αἰδοῖ τῶν ἐπί τῆς ἐξορίας ὡμιληκότων ἐκείνῳ καί παρ᾿ ἐκείνου τά θεῖα πεπαιδευμένων, οἵ τῆς γῆς ἅλας καί φῶς τοῦ κόσμου καί φωστήρων ἀναπεφήνασι τῇ Ἐκκλησίᾳ φανότεροι, «ζωῆς ἐπέχοντες λόγον» (Θεόληπτον ἀκούεις ἐκεῖνον, τόν ἐπί τῆς Φιλαδελφείας πόλεως ὡς ἐπί λυχνίας ἀστράψαντα, Σελιώτην τόν τῶν μοναζόντων καθηγητήν, Ἠλίαν τόν τήν ἐρημίαν κατά τόν Ἠλίαν διά βίου σχεδόν ἀσπαζόμενον, τούς ἄλλους δι᾿ ὧν ὁ Θεός τήν οἰκείαν Ἐκκλησίαν ἐπαναγαγών ἐκόσμησε καί συνέστησεν), οὐδέ διά τούτους τοίνυν καί τούς ὑπ᾿ἐκείνων πεπαιδευμένους καί τῆς αὐτῆς ἔτι καί νῦν ἀγωγῆς ἐχομένους ἀναπεισθείς ἀφεῖναι τάς κατά τοῦ ἀνδρός οὐκ ἀγαθάς ὑπονοίας ἤγουν τούς λόγους, εἰ δέ μή, τό γοῦν συγγράμμασι μακροῖς ἀτιμάζειν, ὅν ἐγκωμιάζων, οὐκ ἄν ἠδυνήθη πάντως ἀξίως˙ ἀλλ᾿ ὅτι περ ἁπλοϊκῶς ἐκείνῳ ἀφελῶς συνετέθη τό σύγγραμμα, τοῦτο πρός τήν ἀντιλογίαν αὐτόν ἐκίνησεν, ἀφ᾿ οὗ καί τάς λαβάς εὑρεῖν ἐδυνήθη. Καί τοίνυν, ἵνα τό θεολογικόν ἐκεῖνο νῦν εἴπωμεν, «οὐχ ὁ ἐν λόγοις σοφός, οὗτος ἡμῖν σοφός, οὐδ᾿ ὅστις γνῶσσαν μέν εὔστροφον ἔχει, ψυχήν δέ ἀπαίδευτον, ὥσπερ τῶν τάφων ὅσοι τά ἔξωθεν ὄντες εὐπρεπεῖς (σελ. 254) μυδῶσι νεκροῖς τά ἔνδον πολλήν δυσωδίαν περικαλύπτοντες, ἀλλ᾿ ὅστις τό ἀξιόπιστον τῶν λόγων διά τοῦ βίου προστίθησι καί τοῖς ἔργοις ὡραΐζει τό ἀκαλλές τῶν ρημάτων». Ἀλλά γάρ οὐδέ τοῖς ἁπλοϊκοῖς ἐκείνοις ρήμασιν ὁ σοφός οὗτος ἴσχυσεν ἐπιθέσθαι, μή πρότερον διαστρέψας αὐτά, καθάπερ σαφῶς μετά βραχύ δείξομεν.

Νῦν δ᾿ ἐπείπερ οὗτος ἀρχόμενός τε καί τελευτῶν παρ᾿ ἑαυτοῦ διδάσκει περί προσευχῆς νοερᾶς, ταύτην καί ἡμεῖς αὐτοῦ τήν διδασκαλίαν διά βραχέων προθεωρήσωμεν˙ τοιαύτη γάρ ἐστιν, οἵα διά χρηστολογίας ἀπατῆσαι τῶν ἀπείρων πολλούς, τῶν εὐχῆς δ᾿ ἀληθοῦς καί μετρίως γευσαμένων οὐδένα. Τοσοῦτον οὖν τήν διδασκαλίαν ταύτην αὐτοῦ κατίδωμεν, ὅσον δεῖξαι τό πρός τούς πατέρας αὐτῆς ἀσύμφωνον. Ἄρχεται μέν γάρ ἀπό τῶν τοῖς πατράσιν ὡμολογημένων, τελευτᾷ δέ εἰς τήν ἐναντίαν παντάπασιν ἐκείνοις ὁδόν. Τοῦτο γάρ φησιν ἀρχόμενος, ὡς ἠρεμίαν παρέχειν ταῖς αἰσθήσεσι χρή τόν προσευχῆς ἐπιμελούμενον, καί διά τούτου, κλέψας τόν ἀκούοντα ὡς συνῳδά λέγων τοῖς πατράσιν, εἶτ᾿ ἐκ τούτου συμπεραίνει δεῖν νεκροῦν τελέως τό τῆς ψυχῆς παθητικόν ὡς κατά μηδεμίαν τῶν ἑαυτοῦ δυνάμεων ἐνεργεῖν, πρός δέ καί πᾶσαν ἐνέργειαν ψχῆς τε καί σώματος κοινήν˙ «τῇ γάρ προσευχῇ», φησίν, «ἐμπόδιον ἑκάστῃ γίνεται καί μάλιστ᾿ ἐφ᾿ ὅσον βίας ὁπωσοῦν μετέχει καί ἡδονήν ἤ ἄλγος ἐμποιεῖ καί ἔτι μάλιστα περί τήν παχυτάτην καί