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those who defend it, who say, “there was a time when the Son was not,” and that Christ is from non-existence, and those who deny that Christ is God and the Son of God before the ages, as also in our former statement we have presented in Milan, both now and always we anathematize; and having written these things with our own hand, we confess again that the Arian heresy, as we said before, and its authors, we have condemned forever. 3.23.5 I, Ursacius, being present, have signed this my confession. And likewise also Valens.” 3.23.6 And these are the things which they confessed to Julius. But what they also wrote to Athanasius, I will of necessity set forth; it is as follows: 3.24.1 “To our lord and brother Athanasius the bishop, Ursacius and Valens, bishops. Finding an opportunity through our brother and fellow presbyter Musaeus, who is coming to your love, beloved brother, through him we greet you very warmly from Aquileia and pray that you, in good health, may read our letter. 3.24.2 For you will give us confidence, if you too will grant us a response in writing. Know that we have peace with you and ecclesiastical communion. And the proof of these things is our address through this letter.” 3.24.3 Athanasius, then, thus returned to Egypt from the Western regions. And Paul and Marcellus, Asclepas and Lucius, received back their own thrones; for indeed letters from the emperor permitted their return. 3.24.4 And in Constantinople, when Paul entered, Macedonius withdrew and held church by himself. But in Ancyra a very great disturbance occurred when Basil was removed from the church there, at the time Marcellus entered. But for the others the entry was not difficult.

4.t.1 OF THE SAME, ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY, BOOK FOUR 4.1.1 And so these things happened. But in the fourth year of the synod in Sardica

Constans is killed among the western Gauls. And Magnentius, who plotted his murder, brought the whole territory ruled by Constans under his own control. And a certain Vetranio was proclaimed emperor by the Illyrian soldiers in Sirmium. 4.1.2 And of these evils the elder Rome also had the greatest share, since Nepotianus, who was the nephew of Constantine the former emperor, had gathered gladiators about himself and was disputing for the empire. But he was slain by the generals of Magnentius, while Constantius, since the entire rule had devolved on him alone, having been proclaimed autocrat, 4.1.3 was eager to depose the tyrants. At this time Athanasius arrived in Alexandria and prepared for a synod of the bishops from Egypt to be held, and to vote in favor of the decrees concerning him made in Sardica and Palestine. 4.2.1 But the emperor, persuaded by the slanders of those of the opposite heresy, did not remain of the same opinion, but ordered those who had obtained their return to be driven out, contrary to the former decrees of the synod in Sardica; at which time, when Marcellus was again expelled, Basil took possession of the church in Ancyra, 4.2.2 and Lucius, being cast into prison, perished. And Paul, condemned to perpetual exile, was carried off to Cucusus in Armenia; and there indeed he died, but whether by disease or by violence, I do not know for certain, but a rumor still prevails now that he was killed with a noose by those who held the opinions of Macedonius. 4.2.3 And since he was carried away into exile and Macedonius took possession of the church, having fortified himself with the many monasteries which he had established in Constantinople and with treaties with the neighboring bishops, it is variously reported

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τοὺς "7ὑπερασπίζοντας αὐτοῦ τοὺς λέγοντας «ἦν ποτε ὅτε οὐκ ἦν ὁ υἱὸς» καὶ ὅτι "7ἐκ τοῦ μὴ ὄντος Χριστός ἐστι, καὶ τοὺς ἀρνουμένους τὸν Χριστὸν θεὸν "7εἶναι καὶ υἱὸν θεοῦ πρὸ αἰώνων, καθὼς καὶ ἐν τῷ προτέρῳ λιβέλλῳ ἑαυτῶν "7ἐν τῇ Μεδιολάνων ἐπιδεδώκαμεν, καὶ νῦν καὶ ἀεὶ ἀναθεματίζομεν· ταῦτα "7δὲ τῇ χειρὶ ἑαυτῶν γράψαντες ὁμολογοῦμεν πάλιν ὅτι τὴν ᾿Αρειανικὴν "7αἵρεσιν, καθὰ προείπομεν, καὶ τοὺς ταύτης αὐθέντας κατεκρίναμεν εἰς τὸν 3.23.5 "7αἰῶνα. ἐγὼ Οὐρσάκιος τῇ ὁμολογίᾳ μου ταύτῃ παρὼν ὑπέγραψα. ὡσαύτως "7δὲ καὶ Οὐάλης.» 3.23.6 Καὶ ἃ μὲν πρὸς ᾿Ιούλιον ὡμολόγησαν, ταῦτά ἐστιν. ἃ δὲ καὶ πρὸς ᾿Αθα-νάσιον ἔγραψαν, ἀναγκαίως παραθήσομαι· ἔχει δὲ ὧδε· 3.24.1 «Κυρίῳ ἀδελφῷ ᾿Αθανασίῳ ἐπισκόπῳ Οὐρσάκιος καὶ Οὐάλης ἐπίσκοποι. "7᾿Αφορμὴν εὑρόντες διὰ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ καὶ συμπρεσβυτέρου ἡμῶν Μου"7σαίου ἐρχομένου πρὸς τὴν σὴν ἀγάπην, ἀδελφὲ ἀγαπητέ, διὰ τούτου σε καὶ "7πάνυ προσαγορεύομεν ἀπὸ τῆς ᾿Ακυλίας καὶ εὐχόμεθά σε ὑγιαίνοντα τὰ 3.24.2 "7γράμματα τὰ ἡμέτερα ἀναγνῶναι. δώσεις γὰρ ἡμῖν θαρρεῖν, ἐὰν καὶ "7σὺ ἐν τῷ γράφειν ἀποδῷς ἡμῖν τὴν ἀμοιβήν. γίνωσκε γὰρ ἡμᾶς εἰρήνην "7ἔχειν μετὰ σοῦ καὶ κοινωνίαν ἐκκλησιαστικήν. καὶ τούτων γνώρισμα ἡ διὰ "7τούτων τῶν γραμμάτων προσηγορία.» 3.24.3 ᾿Αθανάσιος μὲν οὖν οὕτως ἐκ τῆς πρὸς δύσιν ἀρχομένης ἐπανῆλθεν εἰς Αἴγυπτον. καὶ Παῦλος δὲ καὶ Μάρκελλος, ᾿Ασκληπᾶς τε καὶ Λούκιος τοὺς ἰδίους ἀπέλαβον θρόνους· καὶ γὰρ δὴ τούτοις γράμματα βασιλέως ἐπέτρεπε 3.24.4 τὴν ἐπάνοδον. καὶ ἐν μὲν τῇ Κωνσταντινουπόλει Παύλου εἰσελθόντος ὑπεχώρησε Μακεδόνιος καὶ καθ' ἑαυτὸν ἐκκλησίαζεν. ἐν ᾿Αγκύρᾳ δὲ μέγιστος συνέβη θόρυβος ἀφαιρουμένου Βασιλείου τῆς ἐνθάδε ἐκκλησίας, ἡνίκα Μάρκελλος εἰσῄει. τοῖς δὲ ἄλλοις οὐ χαλεπὴ ἡ εἴσοδος ἐγένετο.

4.τ.1 ΤΟΥ ΑΥΤΟΥ ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑΣΤΙΚΗΣ ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑΣ ΤΟΜΟΣ ΤΕΤΑΡΤΟΣ 4.1.1 Καὶ τὰ μὲν ὧδε συνέβη. τετάρτῳ δὲ ἔτει τῆς ἐν Σαρδοῖ συνόδου

κτίννυται Κώνστας περὶ τοὺς πρὸς δύσιν Γαλάτας. Μαγνέντιος δέ, ὃς αὐτῷ τὸν φόνον ἐπεβούλευσε, πᾶσαν τὴν ὑπὸ Κώνσταντος ἀρχομένην ὑφ' ἑαυτὸν ἐποίησε. Βρετανίων δέ τις ὑπὸ τῶν ᾿Ιλλυριῶν στρατιωτῶν ἐν τῷ Σιρμίῳ βασιλεὺς ἀνη-4.1.2 γορεύθη. πλεῖστον δὲ τούτων τῶν κακῶν μέρος καὶ ἡ πρεσβυτέρα ῾Ρώμη μετεῖχε, Νεποτιανοῦ, ὃς ἀδελφιδοῦς ἦν [καὶ] Κωνσταντίνου τοῦ βασιλεύσαντος, τοὺς μονομάχους περὶ ἑαυτὸν ποιησαμένου καὶ τῆς βασιλείας ἀμφισβητοῦντος. ἀλλ' ὁ μὲν ὑπὸ τῶν Μαγνεντίου στρατηγῶν ἀνῃρέθη, Κωνστάντιος δέ, ὡς εἰς μόνον αὐτὸν τῆς πάσης ἀρχῆς περιελθούσης, αὐτοκράτωρ ἀναγο4.1.3 ρευθεὶς τοὺς τυράννους καθελεῖν ἐσπούδαζεν. ἐν τούτῳ δὲ ᾿Αθανάσιος παρεγένετο εἰς ᾿Αλεξάνδρειαν καὶ σύνοδον γενέσθαι παρεσκεύασε τῶν ἐξ Αἰγύπτου ἐπισκόπων καὶ ἐπιψηφίσασθαι τοῖς ἐν Σαρδοῖ καὶ Παλαιστίνῃ περὶ αὐτοῦ δεδογμένοις. 4.2.1 ῾Ο δὲ βασιλεὺς ταῖς διαβολαῖς πεισθεὶς τῶν ἀπὸ τῆς ἐναντίας αἱρέσεως ἐπὶ τῆς αὐτῆς οὐκ ἔμεινε γνώμης, ἀλλ' ἀπελαύνεσθαι προσέταξε παρὰ τὰ πρότερον δεδογμένα τῇ ἐν Σαρδοῖ συνόδῳ <τοὺς> τῆς καθόδου τυχόντας· ἡνίκα δὴ Μαρκέλλου πάλιν ἐκβληθέντος τὴν ἐν ᾿Αγκύρᾳ ἐκκλησίαν κατέσχε 4.2.2 Βασίλειος, Λούκιος δὲ δεσμωτηρίῳ ἐμβληθεὶς ἀπώλετο. Παῦλος δὲ ἀιδίῳ φυγῇ καταδικασθεὶς εἰς Κουκουσὸν τῆς ᾿Αρμενίας ἀπηνέχθη· ἔνθα δὴ καὶ τετελεύτηκε, πότερον δὲ νόσῳ ἢ βίᾳ, ἐγὼ μὲν οὐκ ἀκριβῶ, φήμη δὲ εἰσέτι νῦν κρατεῖ βρόχῳ αὐτὸν ἀναιρεθῆναι παρὰ τῶν τὰ Μακεδονίου φρονούν4.2.3 των. ἐπεὶ δὲ εἰς τὴν ὑπερορίαν ἀπηνέχθη καὶ τὴν ἐκκλησίαν κατέσχε Μακεδόνιος, μοναστηρίοις πολλοῖς ἃ συνεστήσατο κατὰ τὴν Κωνσταντινούπολιν περιφράξας ἑαυτὸν καὶ ταῖς πρὸς τοὺς πέριξ ἐπισκόπους σπονδαῖς, λέγεται διαφόρως