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69

He took over his provinces ruled by Deiotarus and made them subject to the Romans, sending his general named Curio with much aid. And he made Phrygia Pacatiana, which was under the tetrarchy of the same man, subject to the Romans, sending his general Pacatianus with aid. And he also took over Lycaonia, which was ruled as a toparchy by Lycaon, son of Capys, who submitted to the same Augustus. And Augustus, encouraging him as a noble man, took him to Egypt. But Syria and Cilicia had previously become subject to the Romans in the time of Julius Caesar. And Augustus, having occupied Syria, entered Antioch the Great to celebrate the triumph for his victory over Antony and Cleopatra, with his own son-in-law Agrippa. This Agrippa, being delighted by the location of the city of Antioch, built there a public bath outside the city near the mountain, having found a spring there, which he called by his own name the Agrippianon, now called the Ampelinon bath. He also built a complex of buildings and a bath-house, calling the neighborhood Agrippitai. Agrippa also built and added another tier above the first in the theater of Antioch on account of the large population. And leaving from there, Augustus occupied the city of Laodicea 223 of Syria; and he built in that city a very large theater, setting up there a marble column for himself. And he also built in that city the great tetrapylon, which had been small; and having rebuilt and adorned it with columns and marbles and decorated it with mosaics, he celebrated his victory in it, setting up in the same tetrapylon a bronze column with four horses. And he also subjugated Phoenicia; and sending the generals Lucullus and Pontius with aid, who defeated Tigranes, its toparch, he made it a province. And he also made the so-called Arabia subject to himself, that is, to the Romans, which was ruled by Arabas, king of the barbarian Saracens, and he fortified a village which he called Bostra in the name of Bostrus, the general sent by him, and the remaining toparchies except for Cappadocia, which was ruled as a toparchy by Archelaus, and the tetrarchy of Herod, the tetrarch of the land of Judea, since they both brought him great gifts . And Herod, king of Judea, in his honor also made the paved road outside the city of Antioch the Great, for it was difficult to traverse, paving it with white flagstones. And both toparchs called their own metropolises by the name of Caesar in his honor; Herod, king 224 and toparch, called it Caesarea of Palestine, formerly called Strato's Tower, while Archelaus, king and toparch, called it Caesarea of Cappadocia, formerly called Mazaca. For Caesar was the uncle of the same Augustus who had granted to them to have the kingship of the tetrarchy for the duration of their lives. And setting out from Palestine he also took over Egypt; and having subjugated it he entered Alexandria the Great, and there he celebrated his own victory, also making Egypt subject to the Romans. and he appointed as first ruler over the Egyptians in Alexandria the Great one of his own men, named Cornelius Gallus; to whom he gave the dignity of Augustalis, an emblem of his own name. And having crossed from Egypt, the same Augustus went up to Rome, arrogant and mad, as having subjugated the world; and having tyrannized the senate he ruled on his own authority in arrogance, having also killed Brutus who had murdered his uncle Caesar. He sent men and beheaded this Brutus, who was guarding Thessaly with aid, during the consulship of Calvisianus and Pollio, as Lucan the wise poet of the Romans wrote. And in these times there was a certain Sosibius of Antioch

69

αὐτοῦ ∆ηιοτάρου ἐπαρχουμένας παρέλαβε καὶ ἐποίησεν ὑπὸ Ῥωμαίους, πέμψας Κουρίωνα ὀνόματι στρατηγὸν αὐτοῦ μετὰ βοηθείας πολλῆς. Φρυγίαν δὲ Πακατιανὴν ὑπὸ τὴν τετραρχίαν τοῦ αὐτοῦ οὖσαν ὑπὸ Ῥωμαίους ἐποίησε, πέμψας μετὰ βοηθείας Πακατιανὸν στρατηγὸν αὐτοῦ. καὶ τὴν Λυκαονίαν δὲ παρέλαβε τοπαρχουμένην ὑπὸ Λυκάονος, υἱοῦ τοῦ Κάπυος, ὅστις προσέπεσε τῷ αὐτῷ Αὐγούστῳ. καὶ προτρεψόμενος αὐτὸν ὁ Αὔγουστος, ὡς γενναῖον, ἔλαβεν αὐτὸν ἐπὶ τὴν Αἴγυπτον. Συρία δὲ καὶ Κιλικία πρῴην ἐπὶ τοῦ Καίσαρος Ἰουλίου ἐγένετο ὑπὸ Ῥωμαίους. Καταλαβὼν δὲ ὁ Αὔγουστος τὴν Συρίαν εἰσῆλθεν ἐν Ἀντιοχείᾳ τῇ μεγάλῃ, θριαμβεῦσαι τὴν κατὰ Ἀντωνίου νίκην καὶ Κλεοπάτρας μετὰ τοῦ ἰδίου αὐτοῦ γαμβροῦ Ἀγρίππα. ὅστις Ἀγρίππας τερφθεὶς τῆς τοποθεσίας τῆς πόλεως Ἀντιοχείας, κτίζει ἐκεῖ δημόσιον λουτρὸν ἔξω τῆς πόλεως παρὰ τὸ ὄρος, εὑρὼν ἐκεῖ πηγήν, ὅπερ ἐκάλεσεν εἰς ὄνομα ἴδιον τὸ Ἀγριππιανόν, τὸ νυνὶ λεγόμενον Ἀμπελινὸν λουτρόν. κτίζει δὲ καὶ δίαιταν οἰκημάτων καὶ βανιάριν, καλέσας τὴν γειτνίαν Ἀγριππιτῶν. προσέθηκε δὲ κτίσας ἐν τῷ θεάτρῳ Ἀντιοχείας ἄλλην ζώνην ἐπάνω τῆς πρώτης διὰ τὸν πολὺν δῆμον ὁ Ἀγρίππας. Ἐκεῖθεν δὲ ἐξελθὼν ὁ Αὔγουστος κατέλαβε τὴν Λαοδικέων 223 πόλιν τῆς Συρίας· καὶ ἔκτισεν ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ πόλει θέατρον μέγα πάνυ, στήσας ἑαυτῷ ἐκεῖ στήλην μαρμαρίνην. ἔκτισε δὲ ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ πόλει καὶ τὸ μέγα τετράπυλον, ὄντα μικρόν· καὶ κοσμήσας αὐτὸ κίοσι καὶ μαρμάροις ἀνοικοδομήσας καὶ μουσώσας ἐθριάμβευσεν ἐν αὐτῷ τὴν ἑαυτοῦ νίκην, στήσας ἐν τῷ αὐτῷ τετραπύλῳ στήλην χαλκῆν μετὰ τεσσάρων ἵππων. Καὶ τὴν Φοινίκην δὲ ὑπέταξε· καὶ πέμψας στρατηγοὺς μετὰ βοηθείας Λούκουλλον καὶ Πόντιον, οἵτινες ἐνίκησαν Τιγράνην τοπαρχοῦντα αὐτῆς καὶ ἐποίησεν αὐτὴν ἐπαρχίαν. καὶ τὴν λεγομένην δὲ Ἀραβίαν ὑφ' ἑαυτόν, ἤτοι ὑπὸ Ῥωμαίους, ἐποίησε κρατουμένην ὑπὸ Ἄραβα, βασιλέως βαρβάρων Σαρακηνῶν, καὶ ἐτείχισε κώμην ἣν ἐκάλεσε Βόστραν εἰς ὄνομα Βόστρου τοῦ πεμφθέντος ὑπ' αὐτοῦ στρατηγοῦ, καὶ τὰς λοιπὰς δὲ τοπαρχίας δίχα τῆς Καππαδοκίας τῆς τοπαρχουμένης ὑπὸ Ἀρχελάου καὶ τῆς τετραρχίας Ἡρώδου τοῦ τετραρχοῦντος τῆς Ἰουδαίας χώρας, ἐπειδὴ προσήνεγκαν αὐτῷ ἀμφότεροι δῶρα μεγάλα . Ὁ δὲ Ἡρώδης βασιλεὺς τῆς Ἰουδαίας πρὸς τιμὴν αὐτοῦ ἐποίησε καὶ τὴν ὁδοστρωσίαν τὴν ἔξω τῆς πόλεως Ἀντιοχείας τῆς μεγάλης, ἦν γὰρ δύσβατος, στρώσας αὐτὴν λευκαῖς πλάκαις. ἐκάλεσαν δὲ ἀμφότεροι τοπάρχαι τὰς μητροπόλεις αὑτῶν πρὸς τιμὴν αὐτοῦ εἰς ὄνομα τοῦ Καίσαρος· ὁ μὲν Ἡρώδης βασιλεὺς 224 καὶ τοπάρχης ἐκάλεσε Καισάρειαν Παλαιστίνης, τὴν πρῴην λεγομένην Στράτωνος πύργον, ὁ δὲ Ἀρχέλαος βασιλεὺς καὶ τοπάρχης ἐκάλεσε Καισάρειαν Καππαδοκίας τὴν πρῴην λεγομένην Μάζακαν. ἦν γὰρ ὁ Καῖσαρ θεῖος τοῦ αὐτοῦ Αὐγούστου τοῦ παρεσχηκότος αὐτοῖς ἔχειν τῆς τετραρχίας τὴν βασιλείαν ἐπὶ τῶν τῆς ζωῆς αὐτῶν χρόνων. Καὶ ἐξορμήσας ἐκ τῆς Παλαιστίνης παρέλαβε καὶ τὴν Αἴγυπτον· καὶ ὑποτάξας αὐτὴν εἰσῆλθεν ἐν Ἀλεξανδρείᾳ τῇ μεγάλῃ, καὶ ἐκεῖ ἐθριάμβευσε τὴν ἰδίαν νίκην, ποιήσας καὶ τὴν Αἴγυπτον ὑπὸ Ῥωμαίους. καὶ ἔδωκεν ἄρχειν αὐτῶν τῶν Αἰγυπτίων ἐν Ἀλεξανδρείᾳ τῇ μεγάλῃ ἐν πρώτοις ἄρχοντα ἐκ τῶν ἰδίων αὐτοῦ ἀνθρώπων ὀνόματι Κορνήλιον Γάλλον· ᾧτινι ἔδωκεν ἀξίαν αὐγουσταλίου τοῦ ἰδίου ὀνόματος σήμαντρον. Καὶ ἐκ τῆς Αἰγύπτου περάσας ὁ αὐτὸς Αὔγουστος ἀνῆλθεν ἐπὶ τὴν Ῥώμην, ὑπτιωθεὶς καὶ ἀπονενοημένος, ὡς ὑποτάξας τὸν κόσμον· καὶ τυραννήσας τὴν σύγκλητον ἐβασίλευσεν ἀφ' ἑαυτοῦ ἐν ὑπερηφανίᾳ ὤν, ἀνελὼν καὶ τὸν Βροῦτον τὸν φονεύσαντα τὸν Καίσαρα τὸν αὐτοῦ θεῖον. ὅντινα Βροῦτον φυλάττοντα τὴν Θεσσαλίαν μετὰ βοηθείας πέμψας ἀπεκεφάλισεν ἐπὶ τῆς ὑπατείας Καλβισιανοῦ καὶ Πολλίωνος, καθὼς Λουκανὸς ὁ σοφὸς Ῥωμαίων ποιητὴς συνεγράψατο. Ἦν δὲ τοῖς χρόνοις τούτοις Σωσίβιός τις Ἀντιοχεὺς