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“I am forced,” he says, “to force those whom I do not wish to force.” And putting forward noble arguments he seemed perhaps to persuade the majority. 5.2.4 But Metaxas objected, introducing some plausible counter-arguments, while at the same time mocking Isaacius himself. Nevertheless, the decisions prevailed. This became a matter of very great accusation against the emperors (for I do not hesitate to call Isaacius also an emperor without the purple), not only then, but also lasting for some time. For at that time a certain Leo presided as bishop of Chalcedon, not one of the very wise and learned, but a man who cared for virtue, though his character was harsh and abrupt; this man, therefore, when the silver or even gold overlaying the gates in the Chalkoprateia was being removed, rushed into the midst and spoke freely, having no understanding at all of either *oikonomia* or the laws established concerning sacred things. And he approached the one then in power rather insolently and, so to speak, disorderly, whenever he returned to the imperial city, taking advantage of that one's forbearance and benevolence. And when at first the emperor went out from the empress of cities against Robert, while Isaacius the sebastokrator and his own brother, with the common consent, was raising funds from wherever he could, in accordance with the laws and justice, he moved the said brother of the emperor to anger by approaching him rather shamelessly. 5.2.5 But when the emperor, having been defeated many times and having dared again countless times against the Celts, had returned victorious and crowned by the will of God, and since he had already learned that another cloud of enemies, the Scythians I mean, was moving against him, and for this reason the collection of funds, while the emperor was residing in the great city, was being pressed on for similar reasons, that bishop fell upon the emperor more shamelessly. And when much discussion arose from this concerning sacred things, he dogmatized that the holy icons are to be venerated by us with worshipful adoration, not relative veneration, in some points objecting reasonably and as a bishop, but in others dogmatizing incorrectly, whether, I know not, he was moved to this through contention and his enmity toward the emperor, or through ignorance. For he was not able to examine the argument with certainty, because he was entirely without logical training. 5.2.6 But as he grew more insolent toward the emperors, persuaded by malicious men, of whom there were many in the government at that time, being incited to this, he even turned to unseasonable insults and blasphemies; and this while the emperor was exhorting him to change his opinion concerning the icons, and also to cease his enmity toward him, promising at the same time to restore the sacred objects to the holy churches more splendidly and to do whatever was necessary for correction, and while he was already being corrected by the more learned members of the synod at that time, whom those who sided with the party of the Chalcedonian called flatterers, he was condemned to deposition. But since, fearing nothing, he was not at all quiet, but again disturbed the church, bringing with him no ignoble faction, as he was entirely unyielding and incorrigible, after the passage of many years all together voted against the man. and thereupon he is condemned to exile. And Sozopolis in Pontus receives him, deemed worthy of all kinds of imperial providence and care, even if he in no way wished to make use of these later, on account of the wrath which he nourished against the emperor, as it seems. But let these things be described in some such way.

5.3.1 But the emperor diligently trained the newcomers (for a considerable number flocked together, having learned that he had been saved) how one must ride a horse most proficiently and shoot an arrow most accurately, and to serve as a heavy-armed soldier and to set an ambush most opportunely. And he had sent ambassadors again to the king of Germany, of whom the bishop of Methymna was the leader

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«Ἀναγκάζομαί, φησιν, ἀναγκάζειν οὓς οὐ βού λομαι ἀναγκάζειν.» Καὶ γενναίους προτιθέμενος λογι σμοὺς ἐδόκει τάχα πείθειν τοὺς πλείονας. 5.2.4 Ὁ δέ γε Μεταξᾶς ἀντέτεινεν ἀνθυποφοράς τινας εὐλόγους εἰσα γαγών, ἀποσκώπτων ἅμα καὶ πρὸς αὐτὸν τὸν Ἰσαάκιον. Ἀλλ' ὅμως τὰ δεδογμένα ἐκράτει. Τοῦτο ὕλη μεγίστης κατηγορίας τοῖς βασιλεῦσιν ἐγένετο (οὐκ ὀκνῶ γὰρ καὶ τὸν Ἰσαάκιον ἀπόρφυρον βασιλέα κατονομάζειν) οὐ τότε μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ μέχρι καιροῦ διαρκέσασα. Καὶ γὰρ ἀρχιε ρεύς τις τηνικαῦτα Χαλκηδόνος Λέων προὐκάθητο, οὐ τῶν πάνυ σοφῶν καὶ λογίων, ἀρετῆς δὲ ἐπιμεμελημένος, τὸ δὲ ἦθος αὐτῷ σκληρὸν καὶ ἀπόκροτον· οὗτος οὖν τῶν ἐν τοῖς Χαλκοπρατίοις πυλῶν ἀφαιρουμένων τοῦ ἐπικει μένου αὐταῖς ἀργυρίου ἢ καὶ χρυσίου εἰς τὸ μέσον εἰσδὺς ἐπαρρησιάζετο μηδ' ὅλως ἢ οἰκονομίας ἢ τῶν περὶ τῶν ἱερῶν κειμένων νόμων ἐπαισθανόμενος. Ὑβριστικώτερον δὲ καὶ οἷον εἰπεῖν ἀτακτότερον τῷ τηνικαῦτα κρατοῦντι προσεφέρετο, ὁσάκις εἰς τὴν βασιλεύουσαν ἐπανῄει τῇ ἀνεξικακίᾳ ἐκείνου καὶ τῇ φιλανθρωπίᾳ καταχρώμενος. Καὶ ὁπηνίκα μὲν τὰ πρῶτα κατὰ τοῦ Ῥομπέρτου ὁ αὐτοκράτωρ τῆς βασιλίδος πόλεως ἐξῄει, Ἰσαακίου τοῦ σεβα στοκράτορος καὶ αὐταδέλφου αὐτοῦ μετὰ τῆς κοινῆς γνώμης ὅθεν δήποτε συμποριζομένου χρήματα μετὰ τῶν νόμων ἅμα καὶ τοῦ δικαίου, εἰς θυμὸν ἐκίνει τὸν ῥηθέντα ἀδελφὸν τοῦ βασιλέως ἀναισχυντότερον αὐτῷ προσφερόμενος. 5.2.5 Ὡς δὲ καὶ ὁ βασιλεὺς πολλάκις μὲν ἡττηθεὶς καὶ μυριάκις αὖθις κατατολμήσας τῶν Κελτῶν Θεοῦ νεύσει νικηφόρος στεφανίτης ἐπανεληλύθει, ἐπεὶ καὶ αὖθις ἄλλο νέφος ἐχθρῶν, τοὺς Σκύθας φημί, κατ' αὐτοῦ ἐξορμῶν ἤδη μεμαθήκοι, καὶ διὰ τοῦτο καὶ ἡ συλλογὴ τῶν χρημάτων, καὶ τοῦ βασιλέως ἐν τῇ μεγαλοπόλει ἐνδημοῦν τος, ἐφ' ὁμοίαις αἰτίαις ἐσπουδάζετο, ὁ ἀρχιερεὺς ἐκεῖνος ἀναιδέστερον προσέπεσε τῷ αὐτοκράτορι. Καὶ συζητήσεως πολλῆς ἐντεῦθεν περὶ τῶν ἱερῶν γινομένης, λατρευτικῶς, οὐ σχετικῶς δὲ προσκυνεῖσθαι τὰς ἁγίας εἰκόνας παρ' ἡμῶν ἐδογμάτιζεν ἔν τισι μὲν εὐλόγως ἅμα καὶ ἀρχιερα τικῶς ἐνιστάμενος, ἔν τισι δὲ καὶ οὐκ ὀρθῶς δογματίζων οὐκ οἶδ' εἴτε δι' ἔριν καὶ τὴν πρὸς τὸν βασιλέα ἀπέχθειαν τοῦτο πεπονθὼς εἴτε δι' ἄγνοιαν. Ἐξακριβοῦν γὰρ ἀσφαλῶς τὸν λόγον οὐκ εἶχεν, ὅτι λογικῆς μαθήσεως ἀμέτοχος ὑπῆρχε παντάπασιν. 5.2.6 Ὡς δ' ἐπὶ πλέον πρὸς τοὺς βασιλεῖς ἐθρασύνετο χαιρεκάκοις ἀνδράσι πειθόμενος, ὁποῖοι πολλοὶ τότε ὑπῆρχον τοῦ πολιτεύματος, εἰς τοῦτο παρανυττόμενος καὶ πρὸς ὕβρεις καὶ βλασφημίας ἀκαίρους ἐτράπετο, καὶ ταῦτα παρακαλοῦντος αὐτὸν τοῦ βασιλέως μεταβαλεῖν τὴν περὶ τῶν εἰκόνων γνώμην, ἔτι δὲ καὶ τῆς πρὸς αὐτὸν ἀποσχέσθαι ἀπεχθείας, ὑπισχνουμένου ἅμα καὶ τὰ ἱερὰ ταῖς ἁγίαις ἐκκλησίαις λαμπρότερα ἀποδοῦναι καὶ πᾶν ὅ τι δέοι ποιεῖν πρὸς διόρθωσιν, καὶ ἤδη καὶ διορθουμένου παρὰ τῶν ἐλλογιμωτέρων τότε τῆς συνόδου, οὓς οἱ τῷ τοῦ Χαλκηδόνος μέρει προσκείμενοι κόλακας ἐκάλουν, καθαιρέσει κατεδικάζετο. Ὡς δὲ μηδὲν ὑπο πτήσσων οὐδ' ὅλως ἠρέμει, ἀλλὰ καὶ αὖθις συνετάραττε τὴν ἐκκλησίαν οὐκ ἀγεννῆ φατρίαν συνεπαγόμενος, ὡς ἄτεγκ τος ἦν πάντη καὶ ἀδιόρθωτος, μετὰ πολλῶν ἐνιαυτῶν παρέλευσιν πάντες ὁμοῦ τοῦ ἀνδρὸς κατεψηφίσαντο. κἀντεῦθεν ὑπερορίαν καταδικάζεται. Καὶ δέχεται τοῦτον ἡ περὶ τὸν Πόντον Σῳζόπολις παντοίας προνοίας καὶ θεραπείας βασιλικῆς ἀξιούμενον, κἂν οὐδαμῶς χρᾶσθαι ταύταις ἠβούλετο ὕστερον δι' ἣν πρὸς τὸν αὐτοκράτορα ἔτρεφε μῆνιν, ὡς ἔοικεν. Ἀλλὰ ταῦτα μὲν ὧδέ πη περι γεγράφθω.

5.3.1 Ὁ δέ γε αὐτοκράτωρ τοὺς νεήλυδας (συνέρρεον γὰρ ἱκανοὶ περισωθέντα τοῦτον μεμαθηκότες) ἐπιμελῶς ἐξεπαί δευεν ὅπως ἱππεύειν χρὴ εὐοχώτατα καὶ τοξεύειν εὐστο χώτατα, ὁπλιτεύειν τε καὶ ἐνεδρεύειν ἐπικαιρότατα. Ἐπε πόμφει δὲ αὖθις καὶ πρὸς τὸν ῥῆγα Ἀλαμανίας πρέσβεις, ὧν προεξῆρχεν ὁ Μηθύμνης