Asterius of Amasea, Homilies

the absence of bread and wine harmed them, but the ancestral custom became nature for the people. 14.12.1 And why has this discourse recounted these things? So that we may learn that training and practice shape a person toward that which we may wish and practice. Accustom yourself to self-control and in time it will become for you a companion that is not burdensome. But if on the contrary you have pleasures and feasts as your intimates and friends, you will never love fasting, but it will seem to you burdensome, as something foreign and unaccustomed. 14.12.2 A life of self-control is an image of the future and incorruptible life. For just as then, having put off this passionate flesh, we will live free, having no necessity to serve the belly and to be enslaved to the other passions, so also now if we cast off the great necessity and matter from ourselves, we will be near the expected incorruptibility. And to speak concisely, let us flee the love of pleasure as much as we can; for it is impossible for the same person to be a lover of pleasure and a lover of God. 14.12.3 For the lover of the body will of necessity also be a lover of money, and the lover of money unjust, and he who has fallen into injustice will easily transgress the ordinances of piety and will trample the laws of the wise, and will readily attempt forbidden things, gathering for himself from there the materials of enjoyment and bringing all the spoils of injustice as gifts to pleasure as to a mistress. 14.12.4 Do not flee the hardship of self-control, but set your hopes against the present labor and you will lightly pass through the abstinence from food. Say to yourself words of piety: Bitter is the fast, but sweet is paradise; burdensome is the thirst, but near is the spring, from which he who drinks will not thirst forever. Weak is the body, but stronger is the bodiless soul. Dead is the strength, but near is the resurrection. 14.12.5 Say also to the pressing belly the word of the Lord: Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word of God. It is not a famine, but a small delay; not an unavoidable punishment, but a voluntary abstinence; not a slavish necessity, but a free philosophy. Pray and you will be strong; call upon him and the helper stands ready beside you. 14.13.1 Recall to memory an ancient story and you will learn how those who discipline their bodies for piety's sake are neither weaker in strength than those who live luxuriously and pour for themselves much unmixed wine, nor indeed are they more gloomy in appearance or faded in complexion. 14.13.2 For that king of the Assyrians, who lived entirely for the flesh and was bound to the luxurious life as to a manger, when he ordered his cupbearers and table-setters and simply all the servants of his pleasure to be chosen well-formed in body and graceful in appearance, so that not only his mouth and taste, but also his eye might delight in what was seen, then indeed the three young men from the captivity of Israel, having been approved for the list of servants, abstaining from the delicacies of the royal table as being defiled by the mixing of food offered to idols, ate only seeds. And wine also was to be avoided because of the libation and all meat for the aforementioned reason. 14.13.3 And when they were being compelled by their supervisor to partake of the things offered to them, lest at some point their beauty be changed into ugliness from their self-control, and the unsightly and incurable state of the youths become a charge against him and a punishment, Let it be, he says, and permit it, we will not appear to the king less honored than those who live luxuriously, nor will our faces lose their bloom, nor should you be anxious as if bringing him ugly servants. 14.13.5 For the craftsman of our formation will give the grace and you will learn from experience that God is the caretaker of our beauty and fasting is the adorner of the comeliness we strive for. Which indeed also happened. For the young men were exceedingly blooming and they surpassed all the meat-eaters in good appearance. 14.13.6 And what of Samson? Was he not taught to fast immediately from his mother's milk, as the Spirit had so instructed his mother, that it was fitting for the child

αὐτοὺς ἔβλαψεν ἄρτος καὶ οἶνος ἀπών, ἀλλ' ἡ πάτριος συνήθεια φύσις τοῖς ἀνθρώποις ἐγένετο. 14.12.1 ∆ιὰ τί δὲ τούτων ὁ λόγος ἀπεμνημόνευσεν; Ἵνα μάθωμεν ὡς ἀγωγὴ καὶ ἄσκησις πρὸς ἐκεῖνο τυποῖ τὸν ἄνθρωπον, πρὸς ὅπερ ἂν βουληθῶμεν καὶ μελετήσωμεν. Ἔθισον σαυτὸν πρὸς ἐγκράτειαν καί σοι τῷ χρόνῳ γενήσεται ἀνεπαχθὴς σύνοικος. Ἂν δὲ τοὐναντίον τὰς ἀπολαύσεις καὶ τὰς εὐωχίας ἔχῃς συντρόφους καὶ φίλας, οὐδέποτε νηστείαν ἀγαπήσεις, ἀλλά σοι φανεῖται βαρεῖα ὡς ξένη καὶ ἀσυνήθης. 14.12.2 Βίος ἐγκρατὴς μελλούσης καὶ ἀφθάρτου ζωῆς ἐστιν εἰκών. Ὡς γὰρ τότε τὴν ἐμπαθῆ σάρκα ταύτην ἀποδυσάμενοι ἐλεύθεροι διάξομεν οὐδεμίαν ἔχοντες ἀνάγκην γαστρὶ λειτουργεῖν καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις δουλεύειν πάθεσιν, οὕτω καὶ νῦν ἂν τὴν πολλὴν ἀνάγκην καὶ ὕλην ἑαυτῶν ἀποβάλωμεν, ἐγγὺς τῆς προσδοκωμένης ἀφθαρσίας ἐσόμεθα. Καὶ συντόμως εἰπεῖν, φεύγωμεν τὴν φιληδονίαν εἰς δύναμιν· ἀμήχανον γὰρ τὸν αὐτὸν εἶναι φιλήδονον καὶ φιλόθεον. 14.12.3 Ὁ γὰρ φιλοσώματος ἐξ ἀνάγκης ἔσται καὶ φιλοχρήματος, ὁ δὲ φιλοχρήματος ἄδικος, ὁ δὲ τῆς ἀδικίας εἴσω πεσὼν ὑπερβήσεται ῥᾳδίως θεσμοὺς εὐσεβείας καὶ πατήσει νόμους σοφῶν, ἐγχειρήσει δὲ τοῖς ἀπηγορευμένοις εὐκόλως, ἐκεῖθεν ἑαυτῷ τὰς ὕλας ἀθροίζων τῆς ἀπολαύσεως καὶ πάντα τὰ λάφυρα τῆς ἀδικίας τῇ ἡδονῇ δωροφορῶν ὡς δεσποίνῃ. 14.12.4 Μὴ φύγῃς τὴν μοχθηρίαν τῆς ἐγκρατείας, ἀλλὰ τὰς ἐλπίδας ἀντίθες τῷ παρόντι πόνῳ καὶ κούφως παρελεύσῃ τὴν τῆς μεταλήψεως ἀποχήν. Εἰπὲ πρὸς ἑαυτὸν ῥήματα εὐσεβείας· Πικρὰ ἡ νηστεία, ἀλλ' ἡδὺς ὁ παράδεισος· ἐπαχθὴς ἡ δίψα, ἀλλ' ἐγγὺς ἡ πηγή, ἐξ ἧς ὁ πίνων οὐ διψήσει εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα. Ἄτονον τὸ σῶμα, ἀλλ' ἰσχυροτέρα ἡ ψυχὴ ἡ ἀσώματος. Νεκρὰ ἡ δύναμις, ἀλλ' ἐγγὺς ἡ ἀνάστασις. 14.12.5 Εἰπὲ πρὸς τὴν ἐπείγουσαν γαστέρα καὶ σὺ τοῦ Κυρίου τὸ ῥῆμα· Οὐκ ἐπ' ἄρτῳ μόνῳ ζήσεται ἄνθρωπος, ἀλλ' ἐπὶ παντὶ ῥήματι Θεοῦ. Οὐ λιμός ἐστιν, ἀλλὰ μικρὰ παρολκή· οὐκ ἀπαραίτητος τιμωρία, ἀλλὰ αὐθαίρετος ἀποχή· οὐ δουλοπρεπὴς ἀνάγκη, ἀλλ' ἐλευθέρα φιλοσοφία. Εὖξαι καὶ ἰσχύσεις· ἐπικάλεσαι καὶ ἕτοιμος παρίσταταί σοι ὁ βοηθός. 14.13.1 Ἀνάλαβε τῇ μνήμῃ παλαιὰν ἱστορίαν καὶ μαθήσῃ ὅπως οἱ δι' εὐσέβειαν σῶμα πιέζοντες τῶν τρυφώντων καὶ πολὺν ἐγχεομένων τὸν ἄκρατον οὔτε εἰς δύναμίν εἰσιν ἀσθενέστεροι, οὔτε μὴν εἰς τὸ φανῆναι σκυθρωπότεροι ἢ ἀπηνθηκότες τὴν χρόαν. 14.13.2 Ὁ γὰρ βασιλεὺς τῶν Ἀσσυρίων ἐκεῖνος ὁ πάντα τῇ σαρκὶ ζῶν καὶ τῷ τρυφῶντι βίῳ ὡς φάτνῃ συνδεδεμένος, ἐπειδὴ τοὺς οἰνοχόους αὐτοῦ καὶ τραπεζοποιοὺς καὶ πάντας ἁπλῶς τοὺς ὑπηρέτας τῆς ἀπολαύσεως ἐκέλευσε κατ' ἐκλογὴν εὐφυεῖς εἶναι τὸ σῶμα καὶ ὀφθῆναι χαρίεντας, ἵνα μὴ μόνον τὸ στόμα καὶ γεῦσις, ἀλλὰ καὶ ὀφθαλμὸς αὐτῷ κατὰ τῶν ὁρωμένων τρυφῴη, τότε δὴ καὶ οἱ τρεῖς νεανίσκοι ἐκ τῆς αἰχμαλωσίας τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ τῷ καταλόγῳ τῶν ὑπηρετῶν ἐγκριθέντες, ἀπεχόμενοι τῶν ὄψων τῆς βασι λικῆς τραπέζης ὡς τῇ ἐπιμιξίᾳ τῶν εἰδωλοθύτων μεμιασμένης σπέρματα ἐσιτοῦντο μόνον. Ἦν δὲ καὶ οἶνος φευκτὸς διὰ τὴν σπονδὴν καὶ πᾶν κρέας διὰ τὴν προρρηθεῖσαν αἰτίαν. 14.13.3 Ὡς δὲ παρὰ τοῦ ἐφεστῶτος ἠναγκάζοντο μετέχειν τῶν προσφερομένων αὐτοῖς, ἵνα μήποτε εἰς δυσμορφίαν αὐτῶν ἐκ τῆς ἐγκρατείας τὸ κάλλος μεταβληθῇ, ἔγκλημα δὲ ἐκείνου καὶ τιμωρία γένηται τὸ τῶν νεανίσκων εἰδεχθές τε καὶ ἀθεράπευτον, Ἔα, φησίν, καὶ συγχώρησον, οὐ φανησόμεθα τῷ βασιλεῖ τῶν τρυφώντων ἀτιμότεροι, οὐδὲ τὰ πρόσωπα ἡμῶν ἀπανθήσει, οὐδὲ ἀγωνιάσῃς ὡς δυσμόρφους αὐτῷ ὑπηρέτας προσάγων. 14.13.5 Ὁ γὰρ τεχνίτης τῆς διαπλάσεως ἡμῶν δώσει τὴν χάριν καὶ μαθήσῃ παρὰ τῆς πείρας, ὅτι τοῦ ἡμετέρου κάλλους ὁ Θεὸς ἐπιμελητὴς καὶ τῆς σπουδαζομένης εὐμορφίας ἡ νηστεία κομμώτρια. Ὃ δὴ καὶ γέγονε. Καὶ γὰρ ὑπερήνθουν οἱ νεανίσκοι καὶ πάντας τοὺς κρεοφάγους παρηυδοκίμησαν. 14.13.6 Τί δὲ ὁ Σαμψών; Εὐθὺς ἀπὸ γάλακτος οὐκ ἐδιδάχθη νηστεύειν οὕτως τοῦ Πνεύματος τῇ μητρὶ χρηματίσαντος, ὡς προσῆκε τὸ παιδίον