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of the king of Bashan and her land and her cities beyond the Jordan, 12 cities. These, then, are reported as the more notable deeds in the fourth book of Moses, which we have set forth along with the others previously summarized by us, together with the notable departures of the camps and the places in which they encamped, following in all things the divine Scripture and gathering all things from it, for our own benefit and a summary for those who read. For the departures in detail, that is, the stages, as they came out of the land of Egypt, the same divinely-taught lawgiver wrote towards the end of the holy book of Numbers, and that Aaron died on Mount Hor in the fortieth year of the exodus of the sons of Israel, at the beginning of the fifth month, being 123 years old, and the remaining things up to Mount Abarim beyond the Jordan opposite Jericho, where he also commanded the sons of Israel how they should deal with and be hostile to the nations that would be delivered to them, and from where the borders of their possession would be, and how far to the southwest and west and north and east and south for the nine #171 tribes, and concerning the ruling men who would allot the land to them for an inheritance, one from each tribe, of whom the first were Eleazar the priest and Joshua son of Nun, and further concerning the inheritance of the Levites and the six cities of refuge, and concerning murders and the inheritance of the daughters of Zelophehad. And he completed the same fourth book of Numbers. But since in the same holy book of Numbers, after the census of the people in the plains of Moab taken by Moses and Eleazar in the same 40th year of the exodus, Aaron having already died a little before and the entire generation of the disobedient having already been consumed, the Lord said to Moses: 'Go up to the mountain beyond the Jordan, this Mount Nebo, and see the land of Canaan, and you too shall be gathered to your people, 165 just as Aaron your brother was, because you transgressed my word in the wilderness of Sinai when the congregation contended, to sanctify me; you did not sanctify me at the water before them.' This is the water of strife of Kadesh in the wilderness of Sinai. But he asked that the one who would shepherd Israel after him be appointed by God. And he took Joshua the son of Nun by divine decree, and having set him before Eleazar and all Israel, he laid his hands upon him and commissioned him, as the Lord had commanded him. Recapitulating all these things in the fifth book of Deuteronomy, both the matters of the journey and the transgressions during it and their ancestral disobedience, which became for him and for Aaron his brother the cause of divine wrath and decision, reminding them that they would not set foot on the land promised to them, and how for 38 years they wandered to Kadesh-barnea, having turned towards the desert of the Red Sea, they went around Mount Seir for many days, and again from this they turned towards the north, until every disobedient person had perished in the desert, although the whole journey from Kadesh-barnea to the brook Zered is not of five days, as we have experienced, which for them, being made to wander by God, was accomplished in 38 years. Therefore, the divine lawgiver, having reminded them of these things and having exhorted them much concerning idolatry and the other forbidden gentile customs, teaches the divine laws, often repeating and reminding them again of the divine testings in the wilderness, explaining in some places that 'for this reason the Lord afflicted you and let you hunger in the wilderness, testing you, to know if you would keep his commandments, and when you did not keep them he did not utterly destroy you, as I often prayed on your behalf, but he fed you the manna, that you might know that man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceeds from the mouth of God; he disciplined you as a man disciplines his son, and he sustained you, granting you a life without toil. bread

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βασιλέως τῆς Βασὰν καὶ τὴν γῆν καὶ τὰς πόλεις αὐτῆς πέραν τοῦ Ἰορδάνου, πόλεις ιβʹ. Αὗται μὲν οὖν αἱ ἐπισημότεραι φέρονται πράξεις ἐν βίβλῳ δʹ Μωυσέως, ἃς πρὸς ταῖς ἄλλαις ταῖς προεπιτμηθείσαις ἡμῖν παρεθέμεθα σὺν ταῖς ἐπισήμοις ἀπάρσεσι τῶν παρεμβολῶν καὶ τοῖς τόποις ἐν οἷς παρενέβαλον, ἐν πᾶσι τῇ θείᾳ γραφῇ κατακολουθοῦντες καὶ πάντα ἐξ αὐτῆς ἀναλεξάμε νοι, πρός τε ἡμετέραν ὠφέλειαν καὶ κεφαλαιώδη τῶν ἐντυγχανόντων. τὰς γὰρ κατὰ μέρος ἀπάρσεις ἤτοι τοὺς σταθμούς, ὡς ἐξῆλθον ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύ πτου, ὁ αὐτὸς θεοδίδακτος νομοθέτης πρὸς τῷ τέλει τῆς ἱερᾶς βίβλου τῶν Ἀριθμῶν ἔγραψε, καὶ ὅτι Ἀαρὼν τῷ τεσσαρακοστῷ ἔτει τῆς ἐξόδου τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ ἐτελεύτησεν ἐν Ὢρ τῷ ὄρει, πέμπτῳ μηνὶ ἀρχομένῳ, ἐτῶν ὑπάρχων ρκγʹ, καὶ τὰ λοιπὰ τὰ μέχρι τοῦ ὄρους Ἀβαρεὶμ πέραν τοῦ Ἰορδάνου κατὰ Ἱεριχώ, ἔνθα καὶ ἐνετείλατο τοῖς υἱοῖς Ἰσραὴλ ὅπως χρήσονται καὶ ἐχθρανοῦσι τοῖς ἔθνεσι τοῖς παραδοθησομένοις αὐτοῖς καὶ πόθεν ἔσται τὰ ὅρια τῆς κατασχέσεως αὐτῶν, καὶ ἕως ποῦ κατά τε λίβα καὶ δυσμὰς καὶ βορρᾶν καὶ ἀνατολὴν καὶ νότον ταῖς θʹ #171 φυλαῖς, καὶ περὶ τῶν κατακληρονο μούντων αὐτοῖς τὴν γῆν ἀρχόντων ἀνδρῶν καθ' ἑκάστην φυλήν, ὧν πρῶ τοι Ἐλεάζαρ ὁ ἱερεὺς καὶ Ἰησοῦς ὁ τοῦ Ναυή, καὶ ἔτι περὶ τοῦ κλήρου τῶν Λευιτῶν καὶ τῶν ἓξ πόλεων τῶν φυγαδευτηρίων, περί τε φόνων καὶ τοῦ κλήρου τῶν θυγατέρων Σαλπαάδ. καὶ ἐπλήρωσε τὴν αὐτὴν τετάρτην τῶν Ἀριθμῶν βίβλον. Ἐπειδὴ δὲ ἐν τῇ αὐτῇ ἱερᾷ βίβλῳ τῶν Ἀριθμῶν μετὰ τὴν ἐπίσκεψιν τοῦ λαοῦ ἐν Ἀραβὼθ Μωὰβ γενομένην ὑπὸ Μωυσέως καὶ Ἐλεάζαρ κατὰ τὸ αὐτὸ μʹ ἔτος τῆς ἐξόδου, τελευτήσαντος ἤδη τοῦ Ἀαρὼν πρὸ ὀλίγου καὶ πάσης τῆς γενεᾶς τῶν ἀπειθῶν προκαταναλωθείσης, εἶπε κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν· ἀνάβηθι εἰς τὸ ὄρος ἐν τῷ πέραν τοῦ Ἰορδάνου, τοῦτο ὄρος Ναβαῦ, καὶ ἰδὲ τὴν γῆν Χαναὰν καὶ προστεθήσῃ πρὸς τὸν λαόν σου καὶ σὺ 165 καθὰ καὶ Ἀαρὼν ὁ ἀδελφός σου, διότι παρέβητε τὸ ῥῆμά μου ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ Σιναῒ ἐν τῷ ἀντειπεῖν τὴν συναγωγὴν τοῦ ἁγιάσαι με· οὐχ ἡγιάσατέ με ἐπὶ τῷ ὕδατι ἐναντίον αὐτῶν· τοῦτό ἐστιν ὕδωρ ἀντιλογίας Κάδης ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ Σιναΐ. αὐτὸς δὲ ᾐτήσατο τὸ προχειρισθῆναι πρὸς τοῦ θεοῦ τὸν ποιμανοῦντα τὸν Ἰσραὴλ μετ' αὐτόν. ἔλαβέ τε Ἰησοῦν τὸν τοῦ Ναυὴ θείᾳ ψήφῳ, καὶ στήσας ἔναντι Ἐλεάζαρ καὶ παντὸς Ἰσραὴλ ἐπέθηκε τὰς χεῖρας αὐτοῦ ἐπ' αὐτὸν καὶ συνέστησεν αὐτόν, καθὰ ἐνετείλατο αὐτῷ κύριος. Ταῦτα πάντα ἀνακεφαλαιωσάμενος ἐν τῇ εʹ βίβλῳ τοῦ ∆ευτερονομίου, τά τε τῆς ὁδοιπορίας τῶν τε κατ' αὐτὴν παραβάσεων καὶ τὴν πατρῴαν αὐτῶν ἀπείθειαν, ἥτις αὐτῷ τε καὶ Ἀαρὼν τῷ ἀδελφῷ αὐτοῦ γέγονε θείας ὀργῆς καὶ ἀποφάσεως αἰτία, μὴ ἐπιβῆναι τῆς ἐπηγγελμένης αὐτοῖς γῆς ἀναμνήσας, ὅπως τε ἐπὶ λʹ καὶ ηʹ ἔτη περιεπόλουν εἰς Κάδης Βαρνὴ ἐπι στραφέντες πρὸς τὴν τῆς ἐρυθρᾶς ἔρημον, ἐκύκλουν τὸ ὄρος Σηεὶρ ἐφ' ἡμέ ρας πολλάς, καὶ πάλιν ἀπὸ τούτου ἐπεστράφησαν πρὸς βορρᾶν, ἕως διέπεσον πᾶς ἀπειθὴς ἐν ἐρήμῳ, καίτοι τῆς ὅλης ὀδοῦ ἀπὸ Κάδης Βαρνὴ ἕως φάραγγος Ζαρὲθ μὴ οὔσης εʹ ἡμερῶν, ὡς ἡμεῖς ἐπειράθη μεν, ἥτις αὐτοῖς καταρεμβευομένοις ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ ἐν λʹ καὶ ηʹ χρόνοις διήνυσται. Τούτων οὖν αὐτοὺς ἀναμνήσας ὁ θεῖος νομοθέτης καὶ πολλὰ περὶ εἰδω λολατρείας καὶ τῶν λοιπῶν ἀπηγορευμένων ἐθνικῶν ἐθῶν παραινέσας διδάσκει τὰς θείας νομοθεσίας, πολλάκις ἐπαναλαμβανόμενος καὶ ἀνα μιμνήσκων αὖθις τῶν κατὰ τὴν ἔρημον θείων πειρατηρίων, ἀπολογού μενος ἔν τισιν ὅτι «διὰ τοῦτο ὑμᾶς ἐκάκωσε κύριος καὶ ἐλιμαγχόνησεν ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ πειράζων ὑμᾶς, εἰ φυλάξετε τὰς ἐντολὰς αὐτοῦ, καὶ μὴ φυλάξαντας οὐ τελείως διέφθειρεν, ἐμοῦ πολλάκις ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν δεηθέντος, ἀλλ' ἐψώμισε τὸ μάννα, ἵνα γνῶτε ὅτι οὐκ ἐπ' ἄρτῳ μόνῳ ζήσεται ἄνθρωπος, ἀλλ' ἐπὶ παντὶ τῷ ἐκπορευομένῳ διὰ στόματος θεοῦ· ἐπαίδευσεν ὑμᾶς ὡς εἴ τις παιδεύσαι ἄνθρωπος τὸν υἱὸν αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐτροφοφόρησεν ἄμοχθον ζωὴν χαρισάμενος. ἄρτον