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was a basic instruction, according to the knowledge then manifested to him, for those who through him were being led as children to Christ the Word in the flesh, and were being gathered to the Gospel at his first coming; so also the holy Gospel is a basic instruction for those who through it are being led as children to Christ the Word in the Spirit, and are being gathered to the world to come at his second coming; since he is the same, flesh and spirit, 1245 becoming this or that according to the proportion of knowledge for each one, for every word is subject to voices and letters.

But I dare to say that even every thought, able to be impressed upon the mind, differs in no way from a basic instruction which reveals the things beyond it. For this reason the Gospels are four in number, as being for the time being comprehensible to those who are still under sense and corruption. For so many are the elements of this world, and again four virtues, from which the spiritual world of the mind is constituted, so that the word of truth may describe the intelligible world for the time being within us, and the one in which we are, and may bring them together with one another in union without confusion, and again may distinguish them from one another without division, by the similarities of the elements constituting them. For what the aether is, as they say, that is, the fiery element in the (14∆_334> sensible world, that in the world of the mind is prudence, as an illuminating state and demonstrative of the particular spiritual principles of each of the beings, revealing through them without error the cause in all things, and attractive of the soul’s desire for the Divine; and what the air is in the sensible world, that in the world of the mind is courage, as a motive state, and at once cohesive and effective of the innate life according to the spirit, and incisive for the perpetual motion of the soul towards the Divine; and what water is in the sensible world, that in the world of the mind is temperance, being a state productive of the vital fertility in the Spirit, and generative of the ever-gushing erotic charm of desire for the Divine; and what in the sensible world is justice, being a state generative according to species of all the principles in beings, and distributive of the vital dissemination in the Spirit according to the equal measure for each, and the unchangeable establishment of its own foundation in the good according to its position.

The Gospel according to Matthew, therefore, mystically holds the place of earth and justice, as it makes its account more in the manner of natural philosophy, and the Gospel according to Mark, that of water and temperance, as it begins from the baptism of John and the repentance preached by him, in which temperance consists, and the Gospel according to Luke, that of air and courage, as it is more comprehensive and dense with more historical accounts, and the Gospel according to John, that of aether and prudence, as it is the highest of all, and mystically introduces a simple faith and conception concerning God. And they say that in another way the tetrad of the holy Gospels is a symbol of faith, and of practical, natural, and theological philosophy; and that the Gospel according to Matthew is a symbol of faith, as it introduces the Magi, who were unbelievers, worshiping with gifts, and the Gospel according to Mark, of practical philosophy, as it begins its teaching from repentance, (14∆_336> in which every virtuous action consists, and the Gospel according to Luke, of natural philosophy, as having a more comprehensive exposition of the word, and a history of the teaching 1248 suitable to its ways, and the Gospel according to John, of theology, from which and to which it both began and ended in a manner befitting God.

And again, just as the sensible world is by nature an elementary instruction for the five senses, being subject to them and guiding towards the comprehension of itself, so also the intelligible world of the virtues, being subject to the powers of the soul, instructs them for the spirit, making them uniform by their being moved around it alone, and resting upon its perceptions. And they say that the very senses of the body, according to the more divine principle that befits them, are elementary instructions

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στοιχείωσις ἦν, κατά τήν τέως ἐμφαινομένην αὐτῷ γνῶσιν, τῶν δι᾿ αὐτοῦ εἰς Χριστόν τόν ἐν σαρκί Λόγον παιδαγωγουμένων, καί τῷ Εὐαγγελίῳ κατά τήν αὐτοῦ πρώτην παρουσίαν συναγομένων· οὕτω καί τό ἅγιον Εὐαγγέλιον στοιχείωσίς ἐστι τῶν δι᾿ αὐτοῦ εἰς Χριστόν τόν ἐν Πνεύματι Λόγον παιδαγωγουμένων, καί τῷ μέλλοντι κόσμῳ κατά τήν δευτέραν αὐτοῦ παρουσίαν συναγομένων· ἐπειδή γάρ σάρξ καί πνεῦμά 1245 ἐστιν ὁ αὐτός κατά τήν ἑκάστῳ τῆς γνώσεως ἀναλογίαν τοῦτο ἤ ἐκεῖνο γινόμενος, πᾶς γάρ λόγος φωναῖς ὑποπίπτων καί γράμμασι.

Θαῤῥῶ δέ εἰπεῖν ὅτι καί πᾶν νόημα, νῷ τυπωθῆναι δυνάμενον, στοιχειώσεως οὐδέν διενήνοχε τά ὑπέρ αὐτήν μηνυούσης. ∆ιό καί τέσσαρα τόν ἀριθμόν ὑπάρχει τά Εὐαγγέλια, ὡς τοῖς ὑπό αἴσθησιν ἔτι καί φθοράν οὖσι τέως χωρητά. Τοσαῦτα γάρ καί τά στοιχεῖα τυγχάνει τοῦ κόσμου τούτου, καί τέσσαρες πάλιν ἀρεταί, ἐξ ὧν ὁ κατά διάνοιαν πνευματικός συνέστηκε κόσμος, ἵνα τόν τέως ἐν ἡμῖν νοητόν κόσμον, καί τόν ἐν ᾧ ἐσμεν, περιγράφῃ τῆς ἀληθείας ὁ λόγος, καί ἀλλήλοις αὐτούς ἀσυγχύτως καθ᾿ ἕνωσιν συμβάλλῃ, καί ἀλλήλων πάλιν ἀδιαιρέτως διακρίνῃ, ταῖς τῶν συνιστώντων αὐτούς στοιχείων ὁμοιότησιν. Ὅπερ γάρ ἐστιν, ὥς φασιν, ὁ αἰθήρ, ἤγουν τό πύρινον στοιχεῖον ἐν τῷ κατ᾿ (14∆_334> αἴσθησιν κόσμῳ, τό τε ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ τῆς διανοίας ἐστίν ἡ φρόνησις, ὡς ἕξις φωτιστική καί τῶν ἐφ᾿ ἑκάστου τῶν ὄντων ἰδίως πνευματικῶν λόγων ἀποδεικτική, τήν ἐν ὅλοις ἀπλανῶς δι᾿ αὐτῶν αἰτίαν ἐκφαίνουσα, καί τῆς κατά ψυχήν περί τό Θεῖον ἐφέσεως ἑλκτική· καί ὅπερ ἐν τῷ αἰσθητῷ κόσμῳ ὁ ἀήρ, τοῦτο ἐν τῷ κατά διάνοιαν κόσμῳ ἐστί ἡ ἀνδρεία, ὡς ἕξις κινητική, καί τῆς ἐμφύτου κατά πνεῦμα ζωῆς συνεκτική τε ἅμα καί δραστική, καί τῆς κατα ψυχήν περί τό Θεῖον ἀεικινησίας τομωτική· καί ὅπερ ἐν τῷ αἰσθητῷ κόσμῳ ἐστί τό ὕδωρ, τοῦτο ἐν τῷ τῆς διανοίας κόσμῳ ἐστίν ἡ σωφροσύνη, ἕξις ὑπάρχουσα τῆς ἐν Πνεύματι ζωτικῆς γονιμότητος ποιητική, καί τῆς ἀειβλύστου κατά τήν ἔφεσιν περί τό Θεῖον ἐρωτικῆς θέλξεως γεννητική· καί ὅπερ ἐν τῷ αἰσθητῷ κόσμῳ ἐστίν ἡ δικαιοσύνη, ἕξις ὑπάρχουσα κατ᾿ εἶδος γεννητική πάντων τῶν ἐν τοῖς οὖσι λόγων, καί τῆς ἐν Πνεύματι κατά τό ἴσον ἑκάστῳ ζωτικῆς διαδόσεως ἀπονεμητική, καί τῆς οἰκείας ἐν τῷ καλῷ κατά τήν θέσιν βάσεως ἀμετάθετος ἵδρυσις.

Γῆς οὖν καί δικαιοσύνης μυστικῶς λόγον ἐπέχει, τό κατά Ματθαῖον Εὐαγγέλιον, ὡς φυσικώτερον τόν λόγον ποιούμενον, ὕδατος δέ καί σωφροσύνην τό κατά Μᾶρκον, ὡς ἐκ τοῦ βαπτίσματος Ἰωάννου καί τῆς κηρυττομένης ὑπ᾿ αὐτοῦ μετανοίας, καθ᾿ ἥν ἡ σωφροσύνη συνέστηκεν, ἀρχόμενον, ἀέρος δέ καί ἀνδρείας τό κατά Λουκᾶν, ὡς περιοδικώτερον καί πλείονι ἱστορίαις πυκνούμενον, αἰθέρος δέ καί φρονήσεως τό κατά Ἰωάννην, ὡς πάντων ἀνώτατον, καί ἁπλῆν μυστικῶς τήν περί Θεοῦ πίστιν εἰσάγον, καί ἔννοιαν. Φασί δέ καί ἄλλως σύμβολον εἶναι τήν τῶν ἁγίων Εὐαγγελίων τετράδα, πίστεως, καί πρακτικῆς, καί φυσικῆς, καί θεολογικῆς φιλοσοφίας· καί τῆς μέν πίστεως σύμβολον εἶναι τό κατά Ματθαῖον, ὡς ἀπίστους μετά δώρων προσκυνοῦντας εἰσάγον τούς Μάγους, τῆς δέ πρακτικῆς τό κατά Μάρκον, ὡς ἐκ τῆς μετανοίας, καθ᾿ ἥν πᾶσα πρᾶξίς ἐστιν ἐνάρετος, (14∆_336> τῆς διδασκαλίας ἀρχόμενον, τῆς δέ φυσικῆς τό κατά Λουκᾶν, ὡς περιοδικωτέραν τοῦ λόγου τήν ἐξήγησιν ἔχον, καί τήν τῆς διδασκαλίας 1248 ἱστορίαν τοῖς τρόποις κατάλληλον, τῆς δέ θεολογίας τό κατά Ἰωάννην, ἐξ ἧς καί εἰς ἥν θεοπρεπῶς ἤρξατό τε καί ἔληξε.

Καί πάλιν ὥσπερ ὁ αἰσθητός κόσμος στοιχειωτικός ἐστι κατά φύσιν τῶν πέντε αἰσθήσεων ὑποπίπτων αὐταῖς καί πρός τήν ἑαυτοῦ κατάληψιν ὁδηγῶν, οὕτω καί ὁ κατά διάνοιαν κόσμος τῶν ἀρετῶν, ταῖς τῆς ψυχῆς ὑποπίπτων δυνάμεσι στοιχειοῖ αὐτά πρός τό πνεῦμα, ἑνοειδεῖς ἐργαζόμενος τῷ περί αὐτό μόνον αὐτάς κινεῖσθαι, καί ταῖς αὐτοῦ ἀντιλήψεσιν ἐπερείδεσθαι. Καί αὐτάς δέ τάς αἰσθήσεις τοῦ σώματος, κατά τόν αὐταῖς ἐμπρέποντα θειότερον λόγον, στοιχειωτικάς εἶναί φασι