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to learn, his head was large, his forehead very prominent, <his> face conspicuous and his nostril breathed the air freely and easily, and his beard was rounded, his chest broad and the limbs of his body well-knit, but in stature he was shorter than the very tall, and as for his voice, he was like a youth who had come from the Latins to our land and learned the Greek language, but did not speak it very purely, but sometimes even uttered his syllables clipped. But neither the impurity of his speech nor his extreme lack of voice escaped the notice of the many, and he was caught speaking barbarously by the more rhetorical. Hence his writings were bound together on all sides by dialectical commonplaces, but they did not entirely escape the vice of bad syntax and solecism scattered sporadically.

5.9.1 This man, then, presided over all philosophy, and the youth flocked to him (for he would reveal to them the doctrines of Proclus and Plato, and of both philosophers Porphyry and Iamblichus, and especially the arts of Aristotle, and he explained its use as an instrument to those willing to study, and in this he rather prided himself and was occupied), but he was not at all able to benefit his students, having his temper and the other instability of his character as a hindrance. 5.9.2 And look, for me, at his students, Solomon John and certain men of Iasi and Servia and others perhaps who were zealous for learning; the majority of whom I myself later saw often frequenting the palace, knowing nothing technical with precision, but affecting the dialectician with disorderly motions and certain frantic shifts of their limbs, knowing nothing sound, putting forward the Ideas, and now also the transmigrations of souls in a somewhat obscure manner, and certain other things of a similar kind and similarly strange to these. 5.9.3 For what man of letters was not present, when the sacred pair labored so much in the investigation of the divine oracles through every night and day? I mean my parents and sovereigns. But I will narrate a small digression; for the law of rhetoric allows me this. I remember my mother and empress, often while lunch was set, holding a book in her hands and investigating the discourses of the dogmatic holy fathers, and especially of the philosopher and martyr Maximus. For she was zealous not so much about physical discussions as about the doctrines, wishing to reap true wisdom. And often it came upon me to marvel, and marveling I once said to her, "How did you straightaway look up to such a height? I for one tremble and do not dare to listen to these things even with the tips of my ears. For the very contemplative and intellectual quality of the man, as they say, produces dizziness in those who read." She smiled and said, "I know this timidity is praiseworthy; and I myself do not approach these books calmly. But nevertheless I am not able to be torn away from them. But you wait a little for me, and after first delving into other books you too shall taste their sweetness." The memory of these words has wounded my heart, and I have fallen as if into a sea of other narratives. But the rule of history restrains me; therefore let my account run back to the matters concerning Italus. 5.9.4 So while Italus was flourishing among these aforementioned students of his, he treated everyone with contempt, stirring up many of the foolish to rebellion and establishing not a few tyrants from his own students. And I could have brought forward many, if time had not taken my memory. But these things were before my father was raised to the high station of the empire; but when he found matters here deficient in all education and logical art, the discourse far away somewhere

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μαθεῖν, μεγάλη μὲν αὐτοῦ ἡ κεφαλή, τὸ μέτωπον προπετέστατον, <τὸ> πρόσωπον ἐμφανὲς καὶ ὁ μυκτὴρ ἐλεύθερόν τε καὶ ἄνετον ἀπέπνει τὸν ἀέρα καὶ περιφερὴς ὁ πώγων, τὰ στέρνα εὐρὺς καὶ εὐπαγὴς τὰ μέλη τοῦ σώματος, τὴν δὲ τῆς ἡλικίας ἀναδρομὴν τῶν εὐμηκεστέρων ἥττων, τὴν δὲ φωνὴν τοιοῦτος οἷος ἂν ἀπὸ τῶν Λατίνων ἐληλυθὼς νεανίας εἰς τὴν ἡμεδαπὴν γῆν τὰ Ἑλλήνων μὲν ἐκμάθοι, οὐ πάνυ δὲ καθαριεύοι τι τὴν φωνήν, ἀλλ' ἔστιν οὗ καὶ κολοβωτέρας ἐκφέροι τὰς συλλα βάς. Ἀλλ' οὔτε τὸ τοῦ στόματος οὐκ εὐαγὲς οὔτε τὸ εἰς ἄκρον ἄφωνον ἐλάνθανε τοὺς πολλούς, τοῖς δὲ ῥητορικωτέροις ἀγροικίζων κατελαμβάνετο. Ἔνθεν τοι καὶ τὰ συγγράμματα τούτου συνέσφιγκτο μὲν ἁπανταχόθεν τοῖς διαλεκτικοῖς τόποις, ἀσυνταξίας δὲ κακίαν καὶ σολοικισμὸν σποράδην διερριμμένον παντάπασιν οὐκ ἐξέφευγον.

5.9.1 Οὗτος τοίνυν προκαθήμενος φιλοσοφίας ἁπάσης καὶ συρρεούσης εἰς αὐτὸν τῆς νεότητος (καὶ γὰρ τά τε Πρό κλου καὶ Πλάτωνος καὶ τὰ φιλοσόφων ἀμφοῖν Πορφυρίου τε καὶ Ἰαμβλίχου ἀνεκάλυπτε τούτοις δόγματα καὶ μάλιστα τὰς Ἀριστοτέλους τέχνας καὶ τὴν ὡς ὀργάνου παρεχο μένην χρείαν ὑφηγεῖτο τοῖς ἐθέλουσι πραγματείαν καὶ ταύτῃ μᾶλλον ἐνηβρύνετο καὶ ἐνησχόλητο) οὐ πάνυ τι τοὺς μανθάνοντας ὠφελῆσαι ἐνίσχυσε τὸν θυμὸν καὶ τὴν ἄλλην τοῦ ἤθους ἀκαταστασίαν κωλύμην ἔχων. 5.9.2 Καὶ ὅρα μοι τοὺς τούτου μαθητάς, τὸν Σολομῶντα Ἰωάννην καί τινας Ἰασίτας καὶ Σερβλίας καὶ ἄλλους τάχα περὶ τὴν μάθησιν ἐσπουδακότας· ὧν τοὺς πλείους θαμὰ φοιτῶντας πρὸς τὰ βασίλεια καὶ αὐτὴ ἐθεασάμην ὕστερον τεχνικὸν μηδέν τι κατὰ ἀκρίβειαν εἰδότας, σχηματιζομένους δὲ τὸν διαλεκ τικὸν κινήσεσιν ἀτάκτοις καὶ μορίων παραφόροις τισὶ μετα φοραῖς, ὑγιὲς δὲ οὐδὲν ἐπισταμένους, προβαλλομένους τὰς ἰδέας, ἤδη δὲ καὶ τὰς μετεμψυχώσεις συνεσκιασμένως πως καὶ ἄλλα τινὰ ὁμοιότροπα καὶ παραπλησίως τούτοις ἀλλό κοτα. 5.9.3 Καὶ τίς γὰρ λόγου μετέχων οὐ παρῆν, τοῦ ἱεροῦ ζεύγους τοσοῦτον περὶ τὴν τῶν θείων λόγων ἐξερεύνησιν διὰ πάσης νυκτὸς καὶ ἡμέρας διαπονουμένων; Τοὺς ἐμούς φημι τοκέας καὶ βασιλεῖς. Ἀλλά τι μικρὸν παραδιηγήσομαι· δίδωσι γάρ μοι τοῦτο νόμος ῥητορικός. Μέμνημαι τῆς μητρὸς καὶ βασιλίδος πολλάκις ἀρίστου προκειμένου βίβλον ἐν χεροῖν φερούσης καὶ τοὺς λόγους διερευνωμένης τῶν δογματιστῶν ἁγίων πατέρων, μάλιστα δὲ τοῦ φιλοσόφου Μαξίμου καὶ μάρτυρος. Ἐσπουδάκει γὰρ οὐ τοσοῦτον περὶ τὰς φυσικὰς συζητήσεις ὁπόσον περὶ τὰ δόγματα τὴν ὄντως σοφίαν καρποῦσθαι βουλομένη. Καί μοι πολλάκις θαυμάζειν ἐπῄει καὶ θαυμάζουσα ἔφην ποτὲ πρὸς αὐτὴν «Πῶς αὐτόθεν πρὸς τοσοῦτον ὕψος ἀπέβλεψας; Ἔγωγε τρέμω καὶ οὐδ' ἄκροις ὠσὶν ἀποτολμῶ τούτων ἐπαΐειν. Τὸ γὰρ πάνυ θεωρητικόν τε καὶ νοερὸν τοῦ ἀνδρός, ὥς φασιν, ἴλιγγον παρέχεται τοῖς ἀναγινώσκουσιν.» Ἡ δὲ μειδιάσασα ἔφη, «Ἐπαινετὴν οἶδα τὴν δειλίαν ταύτην· καὶ οὐδ' αὐτὴ ἀτρέμας ταῖς βίβλοις ταύταις πρόσειμι. Ἀλλ' ὅμως ἀπο σπᾶσθαι τούτων οὐ δύναμαι. Σὺ δέ μοι μικρὸν ἀνάμεινον καὶ ταῖς ἄλλαις ἐγκύψασα βίβλοις πρότερον καὶ τῆς τούτων ἀπογεύσῃ ἡδύτητος.» Ἔτρωσέ μου τὴν καρδίαν ἡ τῶν ῥηθέντων μνήμη καὶ ὥσπερ εἰς πέλαγος ἄλλων διηγημάτων ἐμπέπτωκα. Ἀλλά με θεσμὸς ἱστορίας ἀπείργει· ἔνθεν τοι καὶ πρὸς τὰ κατὰ τὸν Ἰταλὸν ἀνατρεχέτω ὁ λόγος. 5.9.4 Ἐν τούτοις οὖν τοῖς ἄνωθεν ῥηθεῖσιν αὐτοῦ μαθηταῖς ἀκμάζων ὁ Ἰταλὸς πᾶσι καταφρονητικῶς προσεφέρετο τοὺς πολλοὺς τῶν ἀνοήτων πρὸς ἀνταρσίας ἀνακινῶν καὶ τυράν νους ἐκ τῶν οἰκείων μαθητῶν οὐκ ὀλίγους ἀποκαθιστάς. Καὶ εἶχον πολλοὺς προφέρειν, εἰ μὴ ὁ χρόνος με τὴν μνήμην ἀφείλετο. Ἀλλὰ ταῦτα μὴν ἦσαν πρὸ τοῦ ἀναχθῆναι τὸν ἐμὸν πατέρα εἰς τὴν τῆς βασιλείας περιωπήν· ἐπεὶ δὲ τὰ ὡδὶ παιδείας εὗρεν ἁπάσης ἐνδεῶς ἔχοντα καὶ τέχνης λογικῆς, τοῦ λόγου πόρρω που