John Chrysostom, On Matthew

one must prefer His following. But if you should say, the promise is very great; for this reason especially I admire them, because having not yet seen any sign, they believed a promise of such greatness, and they considered all things secondary to that following. For by the words with which they were fished, they believed that through these they would be able to fish others as well. To these, then, He promised this; but to those around James and John He says nothing of the sort. For the obedience of those who preceded prepared the way for these. And besides, they had also heard many things about Him before. See how He also hints at their poverty to us with accuracy. For He found them mending their nets. So great was the excess of their poverty, that they repaired what was worn out, being unable to buy others. And this is no small indication of virtue for now, to bear poverty easily, to be nourished by 57.220 just labors, to be bound together by the power of love, to have their father with them and care for him. When, therefore, He had fished them, then He begins to work wonders in their presence, through which actions He confirms the things spoken about Him by John. And He continually frequented the synagogues, from this also teaching them that He is not some adversary of God and deceiver, but has come in agreement with the Father. And while frequenting, He not only preached, but also showed signs. 3. For indeed, wherever something strange and paradoxical occurs, and an introduction of some way of life, God is accustomed to perform signs, providing pledges of His power to those about to receive the laws. Thus, for instance, when He was about to make man, He created the entire world, and then gave him that law in paradise. And when He was about to legislate for Noah, again He showed great wonders, by which He remade all creation, and made that fearful sea prevail for a whole year, and by which in so great a storm He saved that righteous man. And in the time of Abraham He also provided many signs; for example, the victory in the war, the plague against Pharaoh, the deliverance from dangers. And when about to legislate for the Jews, He showed those wonderful and great portents, and then gave the law. So also here, being about to introduce a certain lofty way of life, and to say to them things they had never heard, He confirms His words by the demonstration of wonders. For since the kingdom that was preached was not visible, from things that are visible He makes the invisible manifest. And consider the simplicity of the evangelist, how he does not relate to us each one of those who were healed, but in brief words runs past multitudes of signs. For they brought to Him, he says, all who were ill with various diseases, and afflicted with torments, and demon-possessed, and lunatics, and paralytics, and He healed them. But the question is this: Why did He seek faith from none of them? For He did not even say what He is seen to say after this: Do you believe that I can do this? because He had not yet given proof of His power. And besides, the very act of approaching and bringing showed no ordinary faith. For they were carrying them from afar, and would not have carried them, unless they had persuaded themselves of great things concerning Him. Let us, therefore, follow Him as well; for we have many diseases of souls, and these He wishes to heal first. For this is why those things are set right, that He might cast these out of our soul. Let us, therefore, approach Him, and ask for nothing of this life, but forgiveness of sins; for He gives it even now, if we are zealous. For then the report of Him went out into Syria; but now into the whole world. And they, having heard that He healed those possessed by demons, ran together; but you, having received much more and greater experience of His power, do you not rise up and run? but they left even their country, and friends, and relatives; but you do not endure to leave even your house for the sake of approaching, and obtaining much greater things? Rather, we do not even demand this of you; but

τὴν ἀκολούθησιν τὴν ἑαυτοῦ προτιμᾷν δεῖ. Εἰ δὲ λέγοις, ὅτι μεγίστη ἡ ὑπόσχεσις· καὶ διὰ τοῦτο μάλιστα αὐτοὺς θαυμάζω, ὅτι μηδὲν μηδέπω σημεῖον ἰδόντες, μεγέθει τοσούτῳ ἐπαγγελίας ἐπίστευσαν, καὶ πάντα δεύτερα ἔθεντο τῆς ἀκολουθήσεως ἐκείνης. Καὶ γὰρ δι' ὧν ἡλιεύθησαν λόγων, ἐπίστευσαν ὅτι καὶ ἑτέρους διὰ τούτων ἁλιεύειν δυνήσονται. Τούτοις μὲν οὖν τοῦτο ὑπέσχετο· τοῖς δὲ περὶ Ἰάκωβον καὶ Ἰωάννην οὐδὲν τοιοῦτόν φησιν. Ἡ γὰρ τῶν προφθασάντων ὑπακοὴ προωδοποίησε λοιπὸν τούτοις. Ἄλλως δὲ καὶ πολλὰ ἦσαν πρότερον ἀκηκοότες περὶ αὐτοῦ. Θέα δὲ πῶς καὶ τὴν πενίαν αὐτῶν ἡμῖν μετὰ ἀκριβείας αἰνίττεται. Εὗρε γὰρ αὐτοὺς ῥάπτοντας τὰ δίκτυα αὐτῶν. Τοσαύτη ἦν τῆς πτωχείας ἡ ὑπερβολὴ, ὡς τὰ πεπονηκότα διορθοῦν, μὴ δυναμένους ὠνήσασθαι ἕτερα. Οὐ μικρὰ δὲ τέως καὶ αὕτη ἔνδειξις ἀρετῆς, τὸ πενίαν φέρειν εὐκόλως, τὸ ἀπὸ 57.220 δικαίων τρέφεσθαι πόνων, τὸ συνδεδέσθαι ἀλλήλοις τῇ τῆς ἀγάπης δυνάμει, τὸ τὸν πατέρα ἔχειν μεθ' ἑαυτῶν καὶ θεραπεύειν. Ἐπειδὴ τοίνυν αὐτοὺς ἡλίευσε, τότε ἄρχεται παρόντων θαυματουργεῖν, δι' ὧν ποιεῖ τὰ ὑπὸ Ἰωάννου περὶ αὐτοῦ εἰρημένα βεβαιῶν. Συνεχῶς δὲ ταῖς συναγωγαῖς ἐπεχωρίαζε, καὶ ἐντεῦθεν αὐτοὺς παιδεύων, ὅτι οὐκ ἔστιν ἀντίθεός τις καὶ πλάνος, ἀλλὰ συμφωνῶν τῷ Πατρὶ παραγέγονεν. Ἐπιχωριάζων δὲ, οὐκ ἐκήρυττε μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ σημεῖα ἐπεδείκνυτο. γʹ. Καὶ γὰρ πανταχοῦ εἴ πού τι ξένον γίνεται καὶ παράδοξον, καὶ πολιτείας τινὸς εἰσαγωγὴ, σημεῖα ποιεῖν εἴωθεν ὁ Θεὸς, ἐνέχυρα τῆς αὐτοῦ δυνάμεως παρέχων τοῖς τοὺς νόμους δέχεσθαι μέλλουσιν. Οὕτω γοῦν ὅτε τὸν ἄνθρωπον ποιεῖν ἔμελλε, τὸν κόσμον ἔκτισεν ἅπαντα, καὶ τότε αὐτῷ τὸν νόμον ἐκεῖνον ἔδωκε τὸν ἐν τῷ παραδείσῳ. Καὶ ὅτε τῷ Νῶε νομοθετεῖν ἔμελλε, πάλιν μεγάλα ἐπεδείξατο θαύματα, δι' ὧν ἅπασαν ἀνεστοιχείου τὴν κτίσιν, καὶ τὸ φοβερὸν ἐκεῖνο πέλαγος ἐπ' ἐνιαυτὸν ὁλόκληρον ἐποίει κρατεῖν, καὶ δι' ὧν ἐν τοσαύτῃ ζάλῃ τὸν δίκαιον ἐκεῖνον διέσωσε. Καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ Ἀβραὰμ δὲ πολλὰ σημεῖα παρέσχετο· οἷον, τὴν νίκην τὴν ἐν τῷ πολέμῳ, τὴν πληγὴν τὴν κατὰ τοῦ Φαραὼ, τὴν ἐκ τῶν κινδύνων ἀπαλλαγήν. Καὶ Ἰουδαίοις νομοθετεῖν μέλλων, τὰ θαυμαστὰ ἐκεῖνα καὶ μεγάλα τεράστια ἐπεδείξατο, καὶ τότε τὸν νόμον ἔδωκεν. Οὕτω δὴ καὶ ἐνταῦθα μέλλων ὑψηλήν τινα εἰσάγειν πολιτείαν, καὶ ἃ μηδέποτε ἤκουσαν λέγειν αὐτοῖς, τῇ τῶν θαυμάτων ἐπιδείξει βεβαιοῖ τὰ λεγόμενα. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἡ κηρυττομένη βασιλεία οὐκ ἐφαίνετο, ἀπὸ τῶν φαινομένων τὴν ἄδηλον ποιεῖ φανεράν. Καὶ σκόπει τὸ ἀπέριττον τοῦ εὐαγγελιστοῦ, πῶς οὐ καθ' ἕκαστον ἡμῖν διηγεῖται τῶν θεραπευομένων, ἀλλὰ βραχέσι ῥήμασι νιφάδας παρατρέχει σημείων. Προσήνεγκαν γὰρ αὐτῷ, φησὶ, πάντας τοὺς κακῶς ἔχοντας ποικίλαις νόσοις, καὶ βασάνοις συνεχομένους, καὶ δαιμονιζομένους, καὶ σεληνιαζομένους, καὶ παραλυτικοὺς, καὶ ἐθεράπευσεν αὐτούς. Ἀλλὰ τὸ ζητούμενον ἐκεῖνό ἐστι· Τί δήποτε παρ' οὐδενὸς αὐτῶν πίστιν ἐπεζήτησεν; Οὐδὲ γὰρ εἶπεν ὃ μετὰ ταῦτα φαίνεται λέγων· Πιστεύετε ὅτι δύναμαι τοῦτο ποιῆσαι; ὅτι οὐδέπω τῆς αὐτοῦ δυνάμεως ἀπόδειξιν ἦν δεδωκώς. Ἄλλως δὲ καὶ αὐτὸ τὸ προσιέναι καὶ προσάγειν οὐ τὴν τυχοῦσαν ἐπεδείκνυτο πίστιν. Καὶ γὰρ πόῤῥωθεν αὐτοὺς ἔφερον, οὐκ ἂν ἐνεγκόντες, εἰ μὴ μεγάλα ἦσαν περὶ αὐτοῦ πεπεικότες ἑαυτούς. Ἀκολουθήσωμεν τοίνυν αὐτῷ καὶ ἡμεῖς· καὶ γὰρ νοσήματα πολλὰ ἔχομεν ψυχῶν, καὶ ταῦτα προηγουμένως βούλεται θεραπεύειν. ∆ιὰ γὰρ τοῦτο κἀκεῖνα διορθοῦται, ἵνα ταῦτα ἐξορίσῃ τῆς ψυχῆς τῆς ἡμετέρας. Προσέλθωμεν τοίνυν αὐτῷ, καὶ μηδὲν βιωτικὸν αἰτῶμεν, ἀλλ' ἁμαρτημάτων ἄφεσιν· καὶ γὰρ δίδωσι καὶ νῦν, ἐὰν σπουδάζωμεν. Τότε μὲν γὰρ εἰς τὴν Συρίαν ἐξῆλθεν αὐτοῦ ἡ ἀκοή· νῦν δὲ εἰς τὴν οἰκουμένην ὅλην. Κἀκεῖνοι μὲν ἀκούσαντες, ὅτι δαιμονῶντας ἐθεράπευσε, συνέτρεχον· σὺ δὲ πολλῷ πλείονα πεῖραν αὐτοῦ λαβὼν τῆς δυνάμεως καὶ μείζονα, οὐ διανίστασαι καὶ τρέχεις; ἀλλ' ἐκεῖνοι μὲν καὶ πατρίδα ἀφῆκαν, καὶ φίλους, καὶ συγγενεῖς· σὺ δὲ οὐδὲ οἰκίαν ἀφεῖναι ἀνέχῃ ὑπὲρ τοῦ προσελθεῖν, καὶ πολλῷ μειζόνων τυχεῖν; Μᾶλλον δὲ οὐδὲ τοῦτο ἀπαιτοῦμεν παρὰ σοῦ· ἀλλὰ