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γε1.377 born. For in the third year of his father's reign the word was prophesied that "Behold, the virgin shall conceive." And after Ahaz died, having reigned for fourteen years and passed away, scripture immediately says, "And Hezekiah reigned, and he was twenty-five years old when he began to reign." How then, in the reign of his father, who reigned for fourteen years, when the birth of Emmanuel from a virgin was being prophesied, will Hezekiah be born, who reigned at twenty years old after his father, and will it not rather be clear to the wise that he had already been born when the prophet prophesied the word during the reign of Ahaz, the father of Hezekiah? Especially since the wife of Ahaz was not a prophetess, as is clear to everyone. But it is Mary, who said and prophesied, "For from now on all the generations of the earth will call me blessed"; to whom Gabriel came and announced that the Spirit who spoke in Isaiah would come upon her and she would bear a son, our Lord Jesus Christ, through the Holy Spirit and not from the seed of a man, as these, being foolish and in error, blaspheme. 32. And the Sabbath-keeping of the foolish-minded one has been refuted, and the circumcision and the daily baptisms performed by him; for on the Sabbath Jesus is eager to heal the most things. And not only does he heal, but he also cures in two ways. For he commands those healed on the Sabbath to take up their pallet and walk, but also on the Sabbath he made clay and put it on the eyes of the blind man; and to make clay is a work. Therefore the apostles, knowing that the Sabbath was annulled by his association with them and teaching, pluck ears of grain on the Sabbath and rub them and eat. And it was the second-first Sabbath, as the gospel has it. For 1.378 the law prescribed different Sabbaths, the one by nature a Sabbath recurring every week, and the other because of the intervening new moons according to the moon and the successive feasts, such as the days of Tabernacles and the days of Passover, when they sacrifice the lamb and then eat unleavened bread; and also when they fast the one fast of the year, the so-called great one, and the other, which they call the small one. For when these days fall, either on the second day of the week or on the third or on the fourth, it is also prescribed for them as a Sabbath. Therefore, after the day of Unleavened Bread had passed, which was designated as a Sabbath day, on the natural Sabbath which came after the day of Unleavened Bread had been reckoned as a Sabbath, they were found passing through the grainfields and they plucked ears of grain and rubbed them and ate, showing that the bond prescribed on the Sabbath was annulled, since the great Sabbath had come, that is Christ, who gave us rest from our sins, of whom Noah was a type, to whom his father, having seen him born, according to prophecy gave the name Noah, saying, "This one will give us rest from our sins, that is, our hard labors." But Noah did not give rest from sins, but Lamech prophesied the prophecy about Christ, Noah being interpreted in truth For Noah is interpreted as rest and Sebeth, which is interpreted as rest and Sabbath; who is Christ, in whom the Father and his Holy Spirit have rested, and all holy people have rested in him, having ceased from sins. This is the great and eternal Sabbath, of which the small and temporary Sabbath was a type, serving until his coming, commanded by him according to the law and annulled and fulfilled in him in the gospel; for thus he said that "the Son of Man is Lord also of the Sabbath." Therefore the disciples boldly annul the Sabbath, since the priests before them also annulled the Sabbath in the temple by sacrificing and offering sacrifices to God, 1.379 so that the sacrifice might not cease

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γε1.377 γεννημένος. τῷ γὰρ τρίτῳ ἔτει τῆς τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ βασιλείας τὸ ῥῆμα ἐπροφητεύετο ὅτι «ἰδού, ἡ παρθένος ἐν γαστρὶ ἕξει». καὶ μετὰ τὸ ἀποθανεῖν τὸν Ἄχαζ, βασιλεύσαντα δεκατέσσαρα ἔτη καὶ τελευτήσαντα, εὐθύς φησιν ἡ γραφή «καὶ ἐβασίλευσεν Ἐζεκίας, καὶ ἦν εἴκοσι πέντε ἐτῶν ἐν τῷ βασιλεύειν αὐτόν». πῶς οὖν ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ, τεσσαρεσκαίδεκα ἔτη αὐτοῦ βασιλεύσαντος, προφητευομένου τοῦ ἐκ παρθένου γεννωμένου Ἐμμανουὴλ Ἐζεκίας γεννηθήσεται, ὁ εἴκοσι ἐτῶν βασιλεύσας μετὰ τὸν αὐτοῦ πατέρα, καὶ οὐχὶ μᾶλλον φανήσεται τοῖς συνετοῖς ὅτι ἤδη ὑπῆρχεν γεννηθείς, ὅτε ὁ προφήτης προεφήτευσε τὸ ῥῆμα ἐπὶ τῆς τοῦ Ἄχαζ πατρὸς τοῦ Ἐζεκίου βασιλείας; μάλιστα οὐδὲ προφήτιδος οὔσης τῆς τοῦ Ἄχαζ γυναικός, ὡς παντί τῳ δῆλόν ἐστιν. Μαρία δὲ ἔστιν, ἡ εἰποῦσα καὶ προφητεύουσα «ὅτι ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν μακαριοῦσίν με πᾶσαι αἱ γενεαὶ τῆς γῆς»· πρὸς ἣν εἰσῆλθε Γαβριὴλ καὶ εὐηγγελίσατο ὡς τὸ πνεῦμα ἐλεύσεται ἐπ' αὐτὴν τὸ ἐν Ἠσαΐᾳ λαλῆσαν καὶ γεννήσει υἱόν, τὸν κύριον ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦν Χριστόν, διὰ πνεύματος ἁγίου καὶ οὐκ ἀπὸ σπέρματος ἀνδρός, ὡς οὗτοι ἀφραίνοντες καὶ σφαλλόμενοι βλασφημοῦσιν. 32. Ἐλήλεγκται δὲ τοῦ ματαιόφρονος καὶ ὁ σαββατισμὸς καὶ ἡ περιτομὴ καὶ οἱ καθ' ἡμέραν βαπτισμοὶ ὑπ' αὐτοῦ γινόμενοι· ἐν γὰρ σαββάτῳ φιλοτιμεῖται τὰ πλεῖστα θεραπεύειν Ἰησοῦς. καὶ οὐ μόνον ὅτι θεραπεύει, ἀλλὰ καὶ κατὰ δύο τρόπους ἰᾶται. παραγγέλλει γὰρ τοῖς ἰατρευθεῖσιν ἐν τῷ σαββάτῳ αἴρειν τὸν κράββατον καὶ βαδίζειν, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐν σαββάτῳ πηλὸν φυράσας ἐπέθηκεν τοῖς τοῦ τυφλοῦ ὀφθαλμοῖς· ἔργον δέ ἐστι πηλὸν φυρᾶσαι. ὅθεν γνόντες οἱ ἀπόστολοι ὅτι λέλυται τὸ σάββατον ἀπὸ τῆς αὐτοῦ ἅμα αὐτοῖς συνδιατριβῆς καὶ διδασκαλίας, τίλλουσι στάχυας σαββάτῳ καὶ ψώχουσι καὶ ἐσθίουσιν. ἦν δὲ σάββατον δευτερόπρωτον, ὡς ἔχει τὸ εὐαγγέλιον. σάββατα 1.378 γὰρ διάφορα ὥριζεν ὁ νόμος, τὸ μὲν κατὰ ἑβδομάδα ἀνακυκλούμενον φύσει σάββατον, τὸ δὲ διὰ τὰς ὑποπιπτούσας τῆς κατὰ σελήνην νεομηνίας καὶ τὰς καθεξῆς ἑορτάς, οἷον ἡμέρας σκηνοπηγίας καὶ ἡμέρας Πάσχων, ὅτε τὸ πρόβατον θύουσι καὶ ἄζυμα λοιπὸν ἐσθίουσιν· ἔτι δὲ ὅτε τὴν μίαν νηστείαν νηστεύουσι τοῦ ἔτους, τὴν λεγομένην μεγάλην, καὶ τὴν ἄλλην, ἣν λέγουσι μικράν. ὅτε γὰρ ὑποπίπτουσιν αὗται αἱ ἡμέραι, ἤτοι ἐν δευτέρᾳ σαββάτων ἢ ἐν τρίτῃ ἢ ἐν τετράδι, σάββατον καὶ αὐτὸ αὐτοῖς ὁρίζεται. διὸ μετὰ τὴν τῶν ἀζύμων γενομένην ἡμέραν καὶ ὁρισθεῖσαν ἡμέραν σαββάτου, τῷ σαββάτῳ φύσει τῷ μετὰ τὴν ἡμέραν τῶν ἀζύμων εἰς σάββατον λελογισμένην, εὑρέθησαν διαβαίνοντες διὰ τῶν σπορίμων καὶ ἔτιλλον στάχυας καὶ ἔψωχον καὶ ἤσθιον, δεικνύντες ὅτι λέλυται ὁ δεσμὸς ὁ ἐν τῷ σαββάτῳ ὁριζόμενος, ἐλθόντος τοῦ μεγάλου σαββάτου τουτέστιν Χριστοῦ, τοῦ ἀναπαύσαντος ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ τῶν ἁμαρτημάτων ἡμῶν, οὗ τύπος ἦν ὁ Νῶε, ὃν ὁ πατὴρ αὐτοῦ γεννηθέντα ἑωρακὼς κατὰ προφητείαν ἐπέθετο αὐτῷ ὄνομα Νῶε, λέγων ὅτι «οὗτος ἀναπαύσει ἡμᾶς ἐκ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ἤτοι σκληρῶν ἔργων ἡμῶν». ὁ Νῶε δὲ ἀπὸ ἁμαρτιῶν οὐκ ἀνέπαυσεν, ἀλλὰ εἰς Χριστὸν προεφήτευσεν ὁ Λάμεχ τὴν προφητείαν, τὸν Νῶε ἑρμηνευόμενον ἐν ἀληθείᾳ Νῶε γὰρ ἀνάπαυσις ἑρμηνεύεται καὶ Σεβέθ, ὅπερ ἀνάπαυσις καὶ σάββατον ἑρμηνεύεται· ὅ ἐστιν Χριστός, ἐν ᾧ ἀναπέπαυται ὁ πατὴρ καὶ τὸ ἅγιον αὐτοῦ πνεῦμα, καὶ πάντες ἄνθρωποι ἅγιοι ἐν αὐτῷ ἀνεπαύσαντο, παυσάμενοι ἀπὸ ἁμαρτημάτων. οὗτός ἐστι τὸ μέγα σάββατον καὶ ἀίδιον, οὗ τύπος ἦν τὸ μικρὸν καὶ πρόσκαιρον σάββατον, ἐξυπηρετούμενον ἄχρι τῆς αὐτοῦ παρουσίας, προσταχθὲν ὑπ' αὐτοῦ κατὰ τὸν νόμον καὶ ἐν αὐτῷ λυθὲν καὶ πληρωθὲν ἐν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ· οὕτως γὰρ εἶπεν ὅτι «κύριός ἐστιν ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου καὶ τοῦ σαββάτου». ὅθεν θαρσαλέως οἱ μαθηταὶ λύουσι τὸ σάββατον, ἐπειδὴ καὶ οἱ πρὸ αὐτῶν ἱερεῖς ἔλυον ἐν τῷ ναῷ τὸ σάββατον θύοντες καὶ θεῷ 1.379 θυσίας προσφέροντες, ἵνα μὴ ἀργήσῃ θυσία ἡ