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10.6.1 4. CONCERNING THE SAME; FROM THE WORKS OF CLEMENT

"They record that the Egyptian Apis advanced the art of medicine, and after these things Asclepius increased the art. And Atlas the Libyan first built a ship and sailed the se10.6.2 a. And the Egyptians first brought astrology to men, and likewise the Chaldeans. But there are those who say the Carians invent10.6.3 ed prognostication by the stars. And the Phrygians were the first to observe the flight of birds. And the Tuscans, neighbors of Italy, perfected the art of sacrifice. And the Isaurians and Arabians developed augury, just as, of course, the Telmessians developed divination through dreams. 10.6.4 The Tyrrhenians invented the trumpet and the Phrygians the flute; for Olympus and Marsyas were Phrygians. The Egyptians, in turn, were the first to show how to burn lamps and divided the year into twelve months and forba10.6.5 de men to have intercourse with women in temples, and legislated that they should not enter sacred places unwashed after being with women. These same people were also the inventors of geometry. Celmis and Damnameneus, of the Idaean Dactyls, were the first to discover iron in Cyprus. And Delas, another Idaean, discovered 10.6.6 the mixing of bronze, but according to Hesiod, it was a Scythian. Indeed, the Thracians first discovered the so-called "harpe" — which is a curved sword — and were the first to use light shields on horseback. Likewise the Illyrians also invented the so-called "pelta." Further, they say the Tuscans invented sculpture; and Itanus—he was a Samnite—was 10.6.7 the first to construct a large shield. For Cadmus the Phoenician invented stone-cutting and discovered the gold mines around Mount Pangaeus. And indeed another people, the Cappadocians, first discovered the so-called "nabla," in the same way the Assyrians also discovered the 10.6.8 two-stringed lyre. For the Carthaginians were the first to build a quadrireme, and Bosporus, a native, constructed it. And Medea, daughter of Aeetes, the Colchian, 10.6.9 was the first to invent hair dye. But also the Noropes, who are a Paeonian people, now called Noricans, worked bronze and purified iron 10.6.10 first. And Amycus, the king of the Bebryces, invented boxing thongs. And in music, Olympus the Mysian skillfully crafted the Lydian mode; and 10.6.11 those called Troglodytes invented the sambuca, a musical instrument. And they say that Satyrus the Phrygian invented the transverse flute; and likewise Agnis, who was also a Phrygian, the three-stringed lyre and the diatonic harmony; and likewise Olympus the Phrygian, percussion, just as Marsyas, being from the same country as the aforementioned, invented the Phrygian, Mixophrygian, and Mixolydian modes; and that the Thracian Tha10.6.12 myris devised the Dorian mode. And we have heard that the Persians were the first to make the wagon, the couch, and the footstool, and that the Sidonians built the trireme. And the Sicels near Italy were the first to invent the phorminx, not much different from the 10.6.13 cithara, and they devised the castanets. And they record that during the reign of Semiramis, king of the Assyrians, linen garments were invented. And Hellanicus says that Atossa, who ruled the Persians, was the first to compo10.6.14 se letters. Scammon of Mitylene, therefore, and Theophrastus of Eresus, and Cydippus of Mantinea, and further Antiphanes and Aristodemus and Aristotle, and in addition to these Philostephanus, and also Strato the Peripatetic, recorded these things in their works On Inventions. But I have set forth a few of their accounts to demonstrate the inventive and life-benefiting nature among the barbarians, from whom the Greeks have profited in their practices." 10.6.15 These things Clement says in these very words in the Stromata. And to what has been said, it seems to me well to add also the things from the writing of Josephus the Hebrew, which he composed in two books On the Antiquity of the Jews, concerning the Greeks being recent and having been benefited by the barbarians

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10.6.1 ʹ. ΠΕΡΙ ΤΟΥ ΑΥΤΟΥ· ΑΠΟ ΤΩΝ ΚΛΗΜΕΝΤΟΣ

«Ἰατρικὴν δὲ Ἆπιν Αἰγύπτιον, μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα Ἀσκληπιὸν αὐξῆσαι τὴντέχνην ἱστοροῦσιν. Ἄτλας δὲ ὁ Λίβυς πρῶτος ναῦν ἐναυπηγήσατο καὶ τὴν θά10.6.2 λασσαν ἔπλευσε. καὶ ἀστρολογίαν δὲ πρῶτοι εἰς ἀνθρώπους ἐξήνεγκαν Αἰγύ πτιοι, ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ Χαλδαῖοι. εἰσὶ δὲ οἳ Κᾶρας τὴν δι' ἀστέρων πρόγνωσιν ἐπι10.6.3 νενοηκέναι λέγουσι. πτήσεις δὲ ὀρνίθων παρεφύλαξαν πρῶτοι Φρύγες. καὶ θυτικὴν ἠκρίβωσαν Τοῦσκοι, Ἰταλίας γείτονες. Ἴσαυροι δὲ καὶ Ἄραβες ἐξεπόνησαν τὴν οἰωνιστικήν, ὥσπερ ἀμέλει Τελμισσεῖς τὴν δι' ὀνείρων μαντικήν. 10.6.4 Τυρρηναῖοι δὲ σάλπιγγα ἐπενόησαν καὶ Φρύγες αὐλόν· Φρύγες γὰρ ἤστην Ὀλυμπός τε καὶ Μαρσύας. λύχνους τε αὖ καίειν πρῶτοι κατέδειξαν Αἰγύπτιοι καὶ τὸν ἐνιαυτὸν εἰς δώδεκα μῆνας διεῖλον καὶ ἐν ἱεροῖς γυναιξὶ μίσγεσθαι ἐκώ10.6.5 λυσαν μηδὲ εἰς ἱερὰ εἰσιέναι ἀπὸ γυναικῶν ἀλούτους ἐνομοθέτησαν. γεωμετρίας τε αὖ εὑρεταὶ οἱ αὐτοὶ γεγόνασι. Κέλμις τε καὶ ∆αμναμενεὺς οἱ τῶν Ἰδαίων ∆άκτυλοι πρῶτοι ἐν Κύπρῳ σίδηρον εὗρον. ∆έλας δὲ ἄλλος Ἰδαῖος εὗρε 10.6.6 χαλκοῦ κρᾶσιν, ὡς δὲ Ἡσίοδος, Σκύθης. ναὶ μὴν Θρᾷκες πρῶτοι τὴν καλουμένην ἅρπην εὗρον ἔστι δὲ μάχαιρα καμπύλη καὶ πρῶτοι πέλταις ἐπὶ τῶν ἵππων ἐχρήσαντο. ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ Ἰλλυριοὶ τὴν καλουμένην πέλτην ἐξεῦρον. ἔτι φασὶ Τουσκανοὺς πλαστικὴν ἐπινοῆσαι· Ἴτανόν τε Σαυνίτης οὗτος ἦν 10.6.7 πρῶτον θυρεὸν κατασκευάσαι. Κάδμος γὰρ ὁ Φοῖνιξ λιθοτομίαν τε ἐξεῦρε καὶ μέταλλα χρυσοῦ τὰ περὶ τὸ Πάγγαιον ὄρος ἐπενόησεν. ἤδη δὲ καὶ ἄλλο ἔθνος Καππαδόκαι πρῶτοι εὗρον τὴν νάβλαν καλουμένην, ὃν τρόπον καὶ τὸ 10.6.8 δίχορδον Ἀσσύριοι. Καρχηδόνιοι γὰρ πρῶτοι τετρήρη κατεσκεύασαν, ἐναυπήγησε δὲ αὐτὴν Βόσπορος αὐτόχθων. Μήδειά τε, ἡ Αἰήτου ἡ Κολχίς, 10.6.9 πρώτη τριχῶν βαφὴν ἐπενόησεν. ἀλλὰ καὶ Νώροπες ἔθνος ἐστὶ Παιονι κόν, νῦν δὲ Νωρικὸν καλοῦνται κατειργάσαντο χαλκὸν καὶ σίδηρον ἐκάθηραν 10.6.10 πρῶτοι. Ἄμυκός τε ὁ Βεβρύκων βασιλεὺς ἱμάντας πυκτικοὺς εὗρε. περί τε μουσικὴν Ὄλυμπος ὁ Μυσὸς τὴν Λύδιον ἁρμονίαν ἐφιλοτέχνησεν· οἵ τε 10.6.11 Τρωγλοδύται καλούμενοι σαμβύκην εὗρον, ὄργανον μουσικόν. φασὶ δὲ καὶ τὴν πλαγίαν σύριγγα Σάτυρον εὑρεῖν τὸν Φρύγα· τρίχορδον δὲ ὁμοίως καὶ τὴν διάτονον ἁρμονίαν Ἄγνιν τὸν καὶ αὐτὸν Φρύγα· κρούματα δὲ Ὄλυμπον ὁμοίως τὸν Φρύγα, καθάπερ Φρύγιον ἁρμονίαν καὶ μιξοφρύγιον καὶ μιξολύδιον Μαρσύαν τῆς αὐτῆς ὄντα τοῖς προειρημένοις χώρας· καὶ τὴν ∆ώριον Θά10.6.12 μυριν ἐπινοῆσαι τὸν Θρᾷκα. Πέρσας τε πρώτους ἀκηκόαμεν ἀπήνην καὶ κλίνην καὶ ὑποπόδιον ἐργάσασθαι τούς τε Σιδωνίους τρίκροτον ναῦν κατασκευάσαι. Σικελοί τε οἱ πρὸς τῇ Ἰταλίᾳ πρῶτοι φόρμιγγα εὗρον οὐ πολὺ τῆς 10.6.13 κιθάρας λειπομένην καὶ κρόταλα ἐπενόησαν. ἐπί τε Σεμιράμεως βασιλέως Ἀσσυρίων τὰ βύσσινα ἱμάτια εὑρῆσθαι ἱστοροῦσι. καὶ πρώτην ἐπιστολὰς συντά10.6.14 ξαι Ἄτοσσαν, τὴν Περσῶν βασιλεύσασαν, φησὶν Ἑλλάνικος. Σκάμμων μὲν οὖν ὁ Μιτυληναῖος καὶ Θεόφραστος ὁ Ἐρέσιος Κύδιππός τε ὁ Μαντινεὺς ἔτι τε Ἀντιφάνης καὶ Ἀριστόδημος καὶ Ἀριστοτέλης, πρὸς τούτοις δὲ Φιλοστέφανος, ἀλλὰ καὶ Στράτων ὁ Περιπατητικὸς ἐν τοῖς Περὶ εὑρεμάτων ταῦτα ἱστόρησαν. παρεθέμην δὲ αὐτῶν ὀλίγα εἰς σύστασιν τῆς παρὰ βαρβάροις εὑρετικῆς καὶ βιωφελοῦς φύσεως, παρ' ὧν Ἕλληνες τὰ ἐπιτηδεύματα ὠφέληνται.» 10.6.15 Ταῦτα ῥήμασιν αὐτοῖς ὁ Κλήμης ἐν Στρωματεῦσι. τοῖς δ' εἰρημένοις δοκῶ μοι εὖ ἔχειν ἐπισυνάψαι καὶ τὰ ἀπὸ τῆς Ἰωσήπου τοῦ Ἑβραίου γραφῆς, ἣν Περὶ τῆς Ἰουδαίων ἀρχαιότητος ἐν δυσὶν ἐπραγματεύσατο βιβλίοις, περὶ τοῦ νέους γεγονέναι τοὺς Ἕλληνας καὶ παρὰ βαρβάρων ὠφελῆσθαι