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of the apostles with whom he had associated, always having kept, nor indeed did Polycarp persuade Anicetus to observe it, as he said that he ought to maintain the custom of the presbyters before him. 5.24.17 And when matters were thus, they held communion with each other, and in the church Anicetus yielded the Eucharist to Polycarp, evidently out of respect, and they departed from each other in peace, the whole church being at peace, both those who observed and those who did not observe.” And Irenaeus, being one who was true to his name and in his character a peacemaker, both exhorted and acted as an ambassador for such things on behalf of the peace of the churches, and he himself discussed through letters with not only Victor but also with very many different rulers of churches concerning the question that had been raised; 5.25.1 Indeed, those in Palestine, whom we have just gone through, both Narcissus and Theophilus, and with them Cassius, bishop of the church in Tyre, and Clarus of that in Ptolemais, and those who had gathered with them, having discussed at length the tradition concerning the Passover that had come down to them by succession from the apostles, at the end of their writing add these very words: “Try to send copies of our letter throughout every parish, so that we may not be responsible for those who easily deceive their own souls. And we make known to you that they also in Alexandria keep it on the same day as we do; for letters are brought to them from us, and to us from them, so that we keep the holy day harmoniously and together.” But indeed, in addition to the writings and letters of Irenaeus that have been mentioned, there is extant a very brief and most necessary discourse of his to the Greeks, entitled *On Knowledge*, and another, which he dedicated to a brother named Marcianus, for the demonstration of the apostolic preaching, and a certain book of various discourses, in which he mentions the Epistle to the Hebrews and the so-called Wisdom of Solomon, quoting certain sayings from them. And these are the works of Irenaeus that have come to our knowledge. But when Commodus had finished his reign of thirteen years, the Emperor Severus took power, Pertinax having lasted not even six full months after the death of Commodus. Many memorials, then, of the virtuous zeal of the ancient and ecclesiastical men of that time are preserved among many even to this day; of which, indeed, we ourselves have examined, would be the works of Heraclitus on the Apostle, and those of Maximus on the much-discussed question among the heretics of whence comes evil, and on matter being created, and those of Candidus on the Hexaemeron, and of Apion on the same subject, likewise Sextus on the resurrection, and another treatise of Arabianus, and countless others, of whom, because we have no starting point, it is not possible either to record their dates in writing or to note a historical record. And the works of very many others, whose names it is not possible for us to list, have come to us, orthodox and ecclesiastical indeed, as the interpretation of the divine scripture of each demonstrates, yet unknown to us, because the names of the authors are not attached. In a certain one of their treatises written against the heresy of Artemon, which Paul of Samosata in our time attempted to revive, there is a narrative pertinent to the histories we are examining. 5.28.2 For while refuting the aforesaid heresy, which asserts that the Savior was a mere man and which was introduced not long ago, since its proponents wished to dignify it as if it were ancient, the author, having presented many other things for the refutation of their blasphemous falsehood, relates these things word for word: 5.28.3 “For they say that all the early ones and the apostles themselves had both received and taught these things which these men now say, and that the truth of the preaching had been preserved until the times of Victor

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ἀποστόλων οἷς συνδιέτριψεν, ἀεὶ τετηρηκότα, οὔτε μὴν ὁ Πολύκαρπος τὸν Ἀνίκητον ἔπεισεν τηρεῖν, λέγοντα τὴν συνήθειαν τῶν πρὸ αὐτοῦ πρεσβυτέρων ὀφείλειν κατέχειν. 5.24.17 καὶ τούτων οὕτως ἐχόντων, ἐκοινώνησαν ἑαυτοῖς, καὶ ἐν τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ παρεχώρησεν ὁ Ἀνίκητος τὴν εὐχαριστίαν τῷ Πολυκάρπῳ, κατ' ἐντροπὴν δηλονότι, καὶ μετ' εἰρήνης ἀπ' ἀλλήλων ἀπηλλάγησαν, πάσης τῆς ἐκκλησίας εἰρήνην ἐχόντων, καὶ τῶν τηρούντων καὶ τῶν μὴ τηρούντων». καὶ ὁ μὲν Εἰρηναῖος φερώνυμός τις ὢν τῇ προσηγορίᾳ αὐτῷ τε τῷ τρόπῳ εἰρηνοποιός, τοιαῦτα ὑπὲρ τῆς τῶν ἐκκλησιῶν εἰρήνης παρεκάλει τε καὶ ἐπρέσβευεν, ὁ δ' αὐτὸς οὐ μόνῳ τῷ Βίκτορι, καὶ διαφόροις δὲ πλείστοις ἄρχουσιν ἐκκλησιῶν τὰ κατάλληλα δι' ἐπιστολῶν περὶ τοῦ κεκινημένου ζητήματος ὡμίλει· 5.25.1 οἵ γε μὴν ἐπὶ Παλαιστίνης, οὓς ἀρτίως διεληλύθαμεν, ὅ τε Νάρκισσος καὶ Θεόφιλος, καὶ σὺν αὐτοῖς Κάσσιος τῆς κατὰ Τύρον ἐκκλησίας ἐπίσκοπος καὶ Κλᾶρος τῆς ἐν Πτολεμαΐδι οἵ τε μετὰ τούτων συνεληλυθότες, περὶ τῆς κατελθούσης εἰς αὐτοὺς ἐκ διαδοχῆς τῶν ἀποστόλων περὶ τοῦ πάσχα παραδόσεως πλεῖστα διειληφότες, κατὰ τὸ τέλος τῆς γραφῆς αὐτοῖς ῥήμασιν ἐπιλέγουσιν ταῦτα· «τῆς δ' ἐπιστολῆς ἡμῶν πειράθητε κατὰ πᾶσαν παροικίαν ἀντίγραφα διαπέμψασθαι, ὅπως μὴ ἔνοχοι ὦμεν τοῖς ῥᾳδίως πλανῶσιν ἑαυτῶν τὰς ψυχάς. δηλοῦμεν δὲ ὑμῖν ὅτι τῇ αὐτῇ ἡμέρᾳ καὶ ἐν Ἀλεξανδρείᾳ ἄγουσιν ᾗπερ καὶ ἡμεῖς· παρ' ἡμῶν γὰρ τὰ γράμματα κομίζεται αὐτοῖς καὶ ἡμῖν παρ' αὐτῶν, ὥστε συμφώνως καὶ ὁμοῦ ἄγειν ἡμᾶς τὴν ἁγίαν ἡμέραν». Ἀλλὰ γὰρ πρὸς τοῖς ἀποδοθεῖσιν Εἰρηναίου συγγράμμασιν καὶ ταῖς ἐπιστολαῖς φέρεταί τις αὐτοῦ πρὸς Ἕλληνας λόγος συντομώτατος καὶ τὰ μάλιστα ἀναγκαιότατος, Περὶ ἐπιστήμης ἐπιγεγραμμένος, καὶ ἄλλος, ὃν ἀνατέθεικεν ἀδελφῷ Μαρκιανῷ τοὔνομα εἰς ἐπίδειξιν τοῦ ἀποστολικοῦ κηρύγματος, καὶ βιβλίον τι διαλέξεων διαφόρων, ἐν ᾧ τῆς πρὸς Ἑβραίους ἐπιστολῆς καὶ τῆς λεγομένης Σολομῶνος Σοφίας μνημονεύει, ῥητά τινα ἐξ αὐτῶν παραθέμενος. καὶ τὰ μὲν εἰς ἡμετέραν ἐλθόντα γνῶσιν τῶν Εἰρηναίου τοσαῦτα· Κομόδου δὲ τὴν ἀρχὴν ἐπὶ δέκα καὶ τρισὶν ἔτεσιν καταλύσαντος, αὐτοκράτωρ Σευῆρος οὐδ' ὅλοις μησὶν ἓξ μετὰ τὴν Κομόδου τελευτὴν Περτίνακος διαγενομένου κρατεῖ. Πλεῖστα μὲν οὖν παρὰ πολλοῖς εἰς ἔτι νῦν τῶν τότε σῴζεται παλαιῶν καὶ ἐκκλησιαστικῶν ἀνδρῶν ἐναρέτου σπουδῆς ὑπομνήματα· ὧν γε μὴν αὐτοὶ διέγνωμεν, εἴη ἂν τὰ Ἡρακλείτου εἰς τὸν ἀπόστολον, καὶ τὰ Μαξίμου περὶ τοῦ πολυθρυλήτου παρὰ τοῖς αἱρεσιώταις ζητήματος τοῦ πόθεν ἡ κακία, καὶ περὶ τοῦ γενητὴν ὑπάρχειν τὴν ὕλην, τά τε Κανδίδου εἰς τὴν ἑξαήμερον, καὶ Ἀπίωνος εἰς τὴν αὐτὴν ὑπόθεσιν, ὁμοίως Σέξτου περὶ ἀναστάσεως, καὶ ἄλλη τις ὑπόθεσις Ἀραβιανοῦ, καὶ μυρίων ἄλλων, ὧν διὰ τὸ μηδεμίαν ἔχειν ἀφορμὴν οὐχ οἷόν τε οὔτε τοὺς χρόνους παραδοῦναι γραφῇ οὔθ' ἱστορίας μνήμην ὑποσημήνασθαι. καὶ ἄλλων δὲ πλείστων, ὧν οὐδὲ τὰς προσηγορίας καταλέγειν ἡμῖν δυνατόν, ἦλθον εἰς ἡμᾶς λόγοι, ὀρθοδόξων μὲν καὶ ἐκκλησιαστικῶν, ὥς γε δὴ ἡ ἑκάστου παραδείκνυσιν τῆς θείας γραφῆς ἑρμηνεία, ἀδήλων δ' ὅμως ἡμῖν, ὅτι μὴ τὴν προσηγορίαν ἐπάγεται τῶν συγγραψαμένων. Τούτων ἔν τινος σπουδάσματι κατὰ τῆς Ἀρτέμωνος αἱρέσεως πεπονημένῳ, ἣν αὖθις ὁ ἐκ Σαμοσάτων Παῦλος καθ' ἡμᾶς ἀνανεώσασθαι πεπείραται, φέρεταί τις διήγησις ταῖς ἐξεταζομέναις ἡμῖν προσήκουσα ἱστορίαις. 5.28.2 τὴν γάρ τοι δεδηλωμένην αἵρεσιν ψιλὸν ἄνθρωπον γενέσθαι τὸν σωτῆρα φάσκουσαν οὐ πρὸ πολλοῦ τε νεωτερισθεῖσαν διευθύνων, ἐπειδὴ σεμνύνειν αὐτὴν ὡς ἂν ἀρχαίαν οἱ ταύτης ἤθελον εἰσηγηταί, πολλὰ καὶ ἄλλα εἰς ἔλεγχον αὐτῶν τῆς βλασφήμου ψευδηγορίας παραθεὶς ὁ λόγος ταῦτα κατὰ λέξιν ἱστορεῖ· 5.28.3 «φασὶν γὰρ τοὺς μὲν προτέρους ἅπαντας καὶ αὐτοὺς τοὺς ἀποστόλους παρειληφέναι τε καὶ δεδιδαχέναι ταῦτα ἃ νῦν οὗτοι λέγουσιν, καὶ τετηρῆσθαι τὴν ἀλήθειαν τοῦ κηρύγματος μέχρι τῶν Βίκτορος