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times, who was the thirteenth bishop in Rome after Peter; but that from his successor Zephyrinus the truth was corrupted. 5.28.4 Their statement might perhaps be credible, if first the divine Scriptures did not contradict them; and there are also writings of certain brethren, older than the times of Victor, which they wrote against the Gentiles in behalf of the truth, and against the heresies of that time, I mean of Justin and Miltiades and Tatian and Clement, and many others, in all of which Christ is spoken of as God. 5.28.5 for the writings of Irenaeus and also they wrote against the heresies of that time, I mean of Justin and Miltiades and Tatian and Clement, and of many others, in all of which Christ is spoken of as God. 5.28.5 For who is ignorant of the books of Irenaeus and Melito and the rest, which declare Christ to be God and man? And how many psalms and odes of brethren from the beginning, written by the faithful, hymn Christ the Word of God, speaking of him as God? 5.28.6 How then, since the doctrine of the Church has been proclaimed for so many years, is it possible that those who lived until Victor preached as these men say? And how are they not ashamed to lie against Victor in these things, knowing well that Victor excommunicated Theodotus the tanner, the leader and father of this God-denying apostasy, who was the first to say that Christ was a mere man? For if Victor had held the same opinions as their blasphemy teaches, how could he have cast out Theodotus, the inventor of this heresy?” 5.28.7 So much for the events concerning Victor; after he had presided over the ministry for ten years, Zephyrinus was appointed his successor, about the ninth year of the reign of Severus. The author of the above-mentioned book concerning the founder of the said heresy adds another incident which took place in the time of Zephyrinus, writing in these very words: 5.28.8 “I will therefore remind many of the brethren of an event that happened in our time, which I think, had it happened in Sodom, might perhaps have admonished even them. There was a certain confessor, Natalis, not long ago, but in our own times. 5.28.9 He was once deceived by Asclepiodotus and another Theodotus, a banker. Both of these were disciples of Theodotus the tanner, the first who was excommunicated for this opinion, or rather, this foolishness, by Victor, as I said, who was then bishop. 5.28.10 And Natalis was persuaded by them for a salary to be called bishop of this heresy, so that he would receive from them 150 denarii a month. 5.28.11 So being with them, he was often admonished by the Lord through visions; for the compassionate God and our Lord Jesus Christ did not wish a witness of his own sufferings to perish, having gone outside the church. 5.28.12 But since he paid little attention to the visions, being enticed both by the chief seat among them and by the sordid gain which destroys many, he was at last scourged by holy angels throughout the whole night and grievously tormented, so that he rose at dawn and, having put on sackcloth and covered himself with ashes, with much haste and tears fell down before Zephyrinus the bishop, rolling at the feet not only of those in the clergy, but also of the laity, and moved the compassionate church of the merciful Christ with his tears, and having used much supplication and shown the bruises of the stripes which he had received, was with difficulty admitted to communion.” 5.28.13 To these we will add other words of the same writer concerning the same persons, which run as follows: “They have fearlessly corrupted the divine Scriptures, and have set aside the rule of ancient faith, and have not known Christ, not seeking what the divine Scriptures say, but laboriously practicing what kind of syllogistic form might be found for the establishment of their godlessness. And if anyone proposes to them a passage of divine Scripture, they examine whether it can be made into a conjunctive or disjunctive form of syllogism; 5.28.14 but having abandoned the

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χρόνων, ὃς ἦν τρισκαιδέκατος ἀπὸ Πέτρου ἐν Ῥώμῃ ἐπίσκοπος· ἀπὸ δὲ τοῦ διαδόχου αὐτοῦ Ζεφυρίνου παρακεχαράχθαι τὴν ἀλήθειαν. 5.28.4 ἦν δ' ἂν τυχὸν πιθανὸν τὸ λεγόμενον, εἰ μὴ πρῶτον μὲν ἀντέπιπτον αὐτοῖς αἱ θεῖαι γραφαί· καὶ ἀδελφῶν δέ τινων ἔστιν γράμματα, πρεσβύτερα τῶν Βίκτορος χρόνων, ἃ ἐκεῖνοι καὶ πρὸς τὰ ἔθνη ὑπὲρ τῆς ἀληθείας καὶ πρὸς τὰς τότε αἱρέσεις ἔγραψαν, λέγω δὲ Ἰουστίνου καὶ Μιλτιάδου καὶ Τατιανοῦ καὶ Κλήμεντος καὶ ἑτέρων πλειόνων, ἐν οἷς ἅπασιν θεολογεῖται ὁ Χριστός. 5.28.5 τὰ γὰρ Εἰρηναίου τε καὶ τότε αἱρέσεις ἔγραψαν, λέγω δὲ Ἰουστίνου καὶ Μιλτιάδου καὶ Τατιανοῦ καὶ Κλήμεντος καὶ ἑτέρων πλειόνων, ἐν οἷς ἅπασιν θεολογεῖται ὁ Χριστός. 5.28.5 τὰ γὰρ Εἰρηναίου τε καὶ Μελίτωνος καὶ τῶν λοιπῶν τίς ἀγνοεῖ βιβλία, θεὸν καὶ ἄνθρωπον καταγγέλλοντα τὸν Χριστόν, ψαλμοὶ δὲ ὅσοι καὶ ᾠδαὶ ἀδελφῶν ἀπ' ἀρχῆς ὑπὸ πιστῶν γραφεῖσαι τὸν λόγον τοῦ θεοῦ τὸν Χριστὸν ὑμνοῦσιν θεολογοῦντες; 5.28.6 πῶς οὖν ἐκ τοσούτων ἐτῶν καταγγελλομένου τοῦ ἐκκλησιαστικοῦ φρονήματος, ἐνδέχεται τοὺς μέχρι Βίκτορος οὕτως ὡς οὗτοι λέγουσιν κεκηρυχέναι; πῶς δὲ οὐκ αἰδοῦνται ταῦτα Βίκτορος καταψεύδεσθαι, ἀκριβῶς εἰδότες ὅτι Βίκτωρ Θεόδοτον τὸν σκυτέα, τὸν ἀρχηγὸν καὶ πατέρα ταύτης τῆς ἀρνησιθέου ἀποστασίας, ἀπεκήρυξεν τῆς κοινωνίας, πρῶτον εἰπόντα ψιλὸν ἄνθρωπον τὸν Χριστόν; εἰ γὰρ Βίκτωρ κατ' αὐτοὺς οὕτως ἐφρόνει ὡς ἡ τούτων διδάσκει βλασφημία, πῶς ἂν ἀπέβαλεν Θεόδοτον τὸν τῆς αἱρέσεως ταύτης εὑρετήν;» 5.28.7 καὶ τὰ μὲν κατὰ τὸν Βίκτορα τοσαῦτα· τούτου δὲ ἔτεσιν δέκα προστάντος τῆς λειτουργίας, διάδοχος καθίσταται Ζεφυρῖνος ἀμφὶ τὸ ἔνατον τῆς Σευήρου βασιλείας ἔτος. προστίθησιν δὲ ὁ τὸ προειρημένον συντάξας περὶ τοῦ κατάρξαντος τῆς δηλωθείσης αἱρέσεως βιβλίον καὶ ἄλλην κατὰ Ζεφυρῖνον γενομένην πρᾶξιν, ὧδέ πως αὐτοῖς ῥήμασι γράφων· 5.28.8 «ὑπομνήσω γοῦν πολλοὺς τῶν ἀδελφῶν πρᾶγμα ἐφ' ἡμῶν γενόμενον, ὃ νομίζω ὅτι εἰ ἐν Σοδόμοις ἐγεγόνει, τυχὸν ἂν κἀκείνους ἐνουθέτησεν. Νατάλιος ἦν τις ὁμολογητής, οὐ πάλαι, ἀλλ' ἐπὶ τῶν ἡμετέρων γενόμενος καιρῶν. 5.28.9 οὗτος ἠπατήθη ποτὲ ὑπὸ Ἀσκληπιοδότου καὶ ἑτέρου Θεοδότου τινὸς τραπεζίτου· ἦσαν δὲ οὗτοι ἄμφω Θεοδότου τοῦ σκυτέως μαθηταὶ τοῦ πρώτου ἐπὶ ταύτῃ τῇ φρονήσει, μᾶλλον δὲ ἀφροσύνῃ, ἀφορισθέντος τῆς κοινωνίας ὑπὸ Βίκτορος, ὡς ἔφην, τοῦ τότε ἐπισκόπου. 5.28.10 ἀνεπείσθη δὲ ὁ Νατάλιος ὑπ' αὐτῶν ἐπὶ σαλαρίῳ ἐπίσκοπος κληθῆναι ταύτης τῆς αἱρέσεως, ὥστε λαμβάνειν παρ' αὐτῶν μηνιαῖα δηνάρια ρνʹ. 5.28.11 γενόμενος οὖν σὺν αὐτοῖς, δι' ὁραμάτων πολλάκις ἐνουθετεῖτο ὑπὸ τοῦ κυρίου· ὁ γὰρ εὔσπλαγχνος θεὸς καὶ κύριος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς οὐκ ἐβούλετο ἔξω ἐκκλησίας γενόμενον ἀπολέσθαι μάρτυρα τῶν ἰδίων παθῶν. 5.28.12 ἐπεὶ δὲ ῥᾳθυμότερον τοῖς ὁράμασιν προσεῖχεν, δελεαζόμενος τῇ τε παρ' αὐτοῖς πρωτοκαθεδρίᾳ καὶ τῇ πλείστους ἀπολλυούσῃ αἰσχροκερδίᾳ, τελευταῖον ὑπὸ ἁγίων ἀγγέλων ἐμαστιγώθη δι' ὅλης τῆς νυκτὸς οὐ μικρῶς αἰκισθείς, ὥστε ἕωθεν ἀναστῆναι καὶ ἐνδυσάμενον σάκκον καὶ σποδὸν καταπασάμενον μετὰ πολλῆς σπουδῆς καὶ δακρύων προσπεσεῖν Ζεφυρίνῳ τῷ ἐπισκόπῳ, κυλιόμενον ὑπὸ τοὺς πόδας οὐ μόνον τῶν ἐν κλήρῳ, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῶν λαϊκῶν, συγχέαι τε τοῖς δάκρυσιν τὴν εὔσπλαγχνον ἐκκλησίαν τοῦ ἐλεήμονος Χριστοῦ πολλῇ τε τῇ δεήσει χρησάμενον δείξαντά τε τοὺς μώλωπας ὧν εἰλήφει πληγῶν μόλις κοινωνηθῆναι». 5.28.13 τούτοις ἐπισυνάψομεν καὶ ἄλλας περὶ τῶν αὐτῶν τοῦ αὐτοῦ συγγραφέως φωνάς, τοῦτον ἐχούσας τὸν τρόπον· «γραφὰς μὲν θείας ἀφόβως ῥερᾳδιουργήκασιν, πίστεώς τε ἀρχαίας κανόνα ἠθετήκασιν, Χριστὸν δὲ ἠγνοήκασιν, οὐ τί αἱ θεῖαι λέγουσιν γραφαί, ζητοῦντες, ἀλλ' ὁποῖον σχῆμα συλλογισμοῦ εἰς τὴν τῆς ἀθεότητος σύστασιν εὑρεθῇ, φιλοπόνως ἀσκοῦντες. κἂν αὐτοῖς προτείνῃ τις ῥητὸν γραφῆς θεϊκῆς, ἐξετάζουσιν πότερον συνημμένον ἢ διεζευγμένον δύναται ποιῆσαι σχῆμα συλλογισμοῦ· 5.28.14 καταλιπόντες δὲ τὰς