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showed to have occurred during his reign; but for the sake of clarity I have brought them all together and recounted them, although the time of each martyrdom was different. 5.12.1 But after the return of Athanasius, Lucifer, the bishop of Caralae in Sardinia, and Eusebius of Vercellae of the Ligurians in Italy returned from the upper Thebaid; for they had been ordered under Constantius to be perpetually exiled there. And for the correction of ecclesiastical matters, by common agreement Eusebius came to Alexandria, so that with Athanasius he might assemble a synod 5.12.2 for the confirmation of the doctrines of Nicaea, while Lucifer, having sent a deacon with Eusebius, who was present at the synod in his place, came to Antioch and found the church there in turmoil. For it was rent by those of the Arian heresy, of whom Euzoïus was the leader, and, as was previously stated, the partisans of Meletius were also at variance with those who held the same opinions as themselves. And as he had not yet returned from exile, he ordained Paulinus bishop. 5.12.3 Meanwhile, the bishops of many cities, having assembled in Alexandria together with Athanasius and Eusebius, confirmed the decrees of Nicaea. They confessed that the Holy Spirit is consubstantial with the Father and the Son, and they named it a Trinity; and they proposed that one must hold that the man whom God the Word assumed was perfect not with a body only, but also with a soul, just as it also seemed to the ancient ecclesiastical philosophers. 5.12.4 But since the inquiry concerning "ousia" and "hypostasis" was troubling the churches and there were frequent quarrels and discussions concerning these things, they seem to me to have defined very wisely not to use these names in reference to God right from the beginning, except when one was trying to refute the opinion of Sabellius, so that not for want of names one might seem to call the same thing by three appellations, 5.12.5 but that each might be understood individually in three ways. And so these things were decided by those who had then assembled in Alexandria; and in these proceedings Athanasius, defending himself concerning his own flight, recounted the treatise which he wrote concerning this. 5.13.1 And when the synod was dissolved, Eusebius, having arrived at Antioch, found the people in discord. For those who favored Meletius did not tolerate assembling together with Paulinus, 5.13.2 but held their church services separately. And being greatly displeased that the ordination had taken place improperly, without the consent of all, he blamed nothing openly, honoring Lucifer, and having communicated with neither party, 5.13.3 he promised to correct in a synod the things that were vexing both sides. But while he was endeavoring to unite the multitude in concord, Meletius returned from his exile, and finding his followers separated, he held church services separately with them outside the city, while Paulinus did so inside with his own people; for Euzoïus, the leader of the Arian heresy, honoring him as being gentle in life and venerable from old age, neither expelled him and assigned one church to him. 5.13.4 But Eusebius, having failed in his endeavor, departed from Antioch. But Lucifer, having been insulted by him, because he had not accepted the ordination of Paulinus, was both angry and refused to have communion with him; and as if from contention, he attempted to slander the decrees of the synod in Alexandria. This indeed became the pretext for the heresy of those named after him, the Luciferians; for those who were grieved with him on these grounds 5.13.5 separated themselves from the church. But he himself, although overcome by grief, since through the deacon whom he had sent with Eusebius he had confessed that he would abide by what was done by the synod in Alexandria, being of one mind with the catholic church, he arrived in Sardinia. 5.13.6 But Eusebius, traveling throughout the East, restored those who had neglected the faith and taught how one ought to believe; and then, being zealous, he also went through Illyricum 5.13.7 and came to Italy. There indeed he found that these things had been previously set aright by Hilary, who was bishop of Pictavium (this is a city of Aquitania); for he had happened to return earlier from exile and had taught the Italians and Gauls which of the doctrines they ought to accept, and which they ought to shun; for also

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αὐτοῦ ἡγεμονίας ἀπέδειξε γεγενῆσθαι· σαφηνείας δὲ χάριν συναγαγὼν πάντας ὁμοῦ διεξῆλθον, εἰ καὶ διάφορος ἦν ὁ καιρὸς τῆς ἑκάστου μαρτυρίας. 5.12.1 Μετὰ δὲ τὴν ᾿Αθανασίου κάθοδον Λουκίφερ ὁ Καράλων τῆς Σαρδανίας ἐπίσκοπος καὶ Εὐσέβιος ὁ Βερκέλλων τῶν ἐν ᾿Ιταλίᾳ Λιγύων ἐκ τῶν ἄνω Θηβῶν ἐπανῆλθον· ἐνθάδε γὰρ ἐπὶ Κωνσταντίου διηνεκῶς φεύγειν προσετάχθησαν. ἐπὶ διορθώσει τε τῶν ἐκκλησιαστικῶν πραγμάτων κοινῇ συνθήκῃ Εὐσέβιος μὲν ἧκεν εἰς ᾿Αλεξάνδρειαν, ὅπως σὺν ᾿Αθανασίῳ σύνοδον ἀθροίσῃ 5.12.2 ἐπὶ βεβαιώσει τῶν ἐν Νικαίᾳ δοξάντων, Λουκίφερ δὲ διάκονον τῷ Εὐσεβίῳ συναποστείλας, ὃς ἀντ' αὐτοῦ παρέστη τῇ συνόδῳ, παραγενόμενος εἰς ᾿Αντιόχειαν ἐν ταραχαῖς τὴν ἐνθάδε ἐκκλησίαν κατέλαβεν· ἐσχίζετο μὲν γὰρ τοῖς ἀπὸ τῆς ᾿Αρείου αἱρέσεως, ὧν ἡγεῖτο Εὐζώιος, διεφέροντο δέ, ὡς πρόσθεν εἴρηται, καὶ πρὸς τοὺς σφίσιν ὁμοδόξους οἱ Μελετίου σπουδασταί· μήπω δὲ τούτου ἀπὸ τῆς φυγῆς ἐπανελθόντος ἐχειροτόνησε Παυλῖνον ἐπίσκοπον. 5.12.3 ᾿Εν τούτῳ δὲ πολλῶν πόλεων ἐπίσκοποι συνελθόντες ἀνὰ τὴν ᾿Αλεξάν-δρειαν ἅμα ᾿Αθανασίῳ καὶ Εὐσεβίῳ τὰ δεδογμένα ἐν Νικαίᾳ κρατύνουσιν. ὁμοούσιόν τε τῷ πατρὶ καὶ τῷ υἱῷ καὶ τὸ ἅγιον πνεῦμα ὡμολόγησαν, καὶ τριάδα ὠνόμασαν· οὐ μόνῳ τε σώματι, ἀλλὰ καὶ ψυχῇ τέλειον χρῆναι δοξάζειν ἄνθρωπον, ὃν ὁ θεὸς λόγος ἀνέλαβεν, εἰσηγήσαντο, καθὰ καὶ τοῖς πάλαι 5.12.4 ἐκκλησιαστικοῖς φιλοσόφοις ἐδόκει. ἐπεὶ δὲ ἡ περὶ τῆς οὐσίας καὶ ὑποστάσεως ζήτησις τὰς ἐκκλησίας ἐτάραττεν καὶ συχναὶ περὶ τούτων ἔριδες καὶ διαλέξεις ἦσαν, εὖ μάλα σοφῶς μοι δοκοῦσιν ὁρίσαι μὴ ἐξ ἀρχῆς εὐθὺς ἐπὶ θεοῦ τούτοις χρῆσθαι τοῖς ὀνόμασι, πλὴν ἡνίκα τις τὴν Σαβελλίου δόξαν ἐκβάλλειν πειρῷτο, ἵνα μὴ ἀπορίᾳ ὀνομάτων ταὐτὸν δόξῃ τις τρισὶ προση5.12.5 γορίαις καλεῖν, ἀλλ' ἕκαστον ἰδίᾳ νοοῖτο τριχῇ. καὶ τὰ μὲν ὧδε τοῖς τότε ἐν ᾿Αλεξανδρείᾳ συνελθοῦσιν ἔδοξεν· ἀπολογούμενος δὲ ἐν τούτοις ᾿Αθανάσιος περὶ τῆς αὐτοῦ φυγῆς διεξῆλθε τὸν λόγον ὃν περὶ τούτου ἔγραψε. 5.13.1 Καὶ διαλυθείσης τῆς συνόδου παραγενόμενος Εὐσέβιος εἰς ᾿Αντιόχειαν εὗρεν ἐν διχονοίᾳ τὸν λαόν. οἱ γὰρ Μελετίῳ χαίροντες εἰς ταὐτὸν συνιέναι 5.13.2 Παυλίνῳ οὐκ ἠνείχοντο, ἀλλ' ἰδίᾳ ἐκκλησίαζον. χαλεπῶς δὲ ἐνεγκών, ὅτι μὴ δέον παρὰ τὴν πάντων συναίνεσιν ἡ χειροτονία ἐγεγόνει, οὐδὲν εἰς τὸ φανερὸν ἐμέμψατο, Λουκίφερα τιμῶν, οὐδετέρῳ δὲ μέρει κοινωνήσας 5.13.3 ὑπέσχετο τὰ λυποῦντα ἑκατέρους ἐν συνόδῳ διορθώσειν. ἐν ᾧ δὲ τὸ πλῆθος πρὸς ὁμόνοιαν συνάπτειν ἐσπούδαζεν, ἐπανελθὼν Μελέτιος ἐκ τῆς ὑπερορίας, κεχωρισμένους εὑρὼν τοὺς τὰ αὐτοῦ φρονοῦντας, ἰδίᾳ σὺν τούτοις ἔξω τῆς πόλεως ἐκκλησίαζεν, ὁ δὲ Παυλῖνος ἔνδον μετὰ τῶν οἰκείων· πρᾶον γὰρ ὑπό τε βίου καὶ γήρως αἰδοῖον ὄντα τιμῶν Εὐζώιος ὁ τῆς ᾿Αρείου 5.13.4 αἱρέσεως προεστὼς οὔτ' ἐξέβαλε καὶ μίαν αὐτῷ ἐκκλησίαν ἀπένειμεν. Εὐσέβιος δὲ ἀποτυχὼν τῆς σπουδῆς ἐξεδήμησεν ᾿Αντιοχείας. ὑβρισμένος δὲ παρ' αὐτοῦ Λουκίφερ, ὅτι μὴ τὴν Παυλίνου χειροτονίαν ἐδέξατο, ἐχαλέπαινέ τε καὶ κοινωνεῖν αὐτῷ διεφέρετο· καὶ ὡς ἐξ ἔριδος τὰ δόξαντα τῇ συνόδῳ ἐν ᾿Αλεξανδρείᾳ διαβάλλειν ἐπεχείρει. ὃ δὴ πρόφασις ἐγένετο τῆς αἱρέσεως τῶν ἀπ' αὐτοῦ καλουμένων Λουκιφεριανῶν· οἱ γὰρ ἐπὶ τούτοις 5.13.5 αὐτῷ συναχθόμενοι σφᾶς τῆς ἐκκλησίας ἀπέσχισαν. αὐτὸς δὲ καίπερ ὑπὸ τῆς λύπης κρατούμενος, ἐπειδὴ διὰ τοῦ διακόνου, ὃν Εὐσεβίῳ συναπέστειλεν, ὡμολόγησεν ἐμμεῖναι τοῖς ἐν ᾿Αλεξανδρείᾳ παρὰ τῆς συνόδου πραχθεῖσι, ὁμοφρονῶν τῇ καθόλου ἐκκλησίᾳ εἰς Σαρδανίαν ἀφίκετο. 5.13.6 Εὐσέβιος δὲ κατὰ τὴν ἕω περιιὼν τοὺς ἠμεληκότας τῆς πίστεως ἐπηνωρθοῦτο καὶ ᾗ χρὴ φρονεῖν ἐδίδασκεν· ἔπειτα δὲ σπουδάζων καὶ ᾿Ιλλυριοὺς 5.13.7 διῆλθε καὶ εἰς ᾿Ιταλίαν ἧκεν. ἔνθα δὴ ταῦτα προκατωρθωκότα κατέλαβεν 5.13.7 ῾Ιλάριον, ὃς Πικτάβων (πόλις δὲ ἥδε ᾿Ακοιτανίας) ἐπίσκοπος ἦν· ἔτυχε γὰρ πρότερος ἐκ τῆς ὑπερορίας ἐπανελθὼν ᾿Ιταλούς τε καὶ Γάλλους διδάξας, ποῖα μὲν χρὴ τῶν δογμάτων προσίεσθαι, ποῖα δὲ φεύγειν· καὶ γὰρ