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this? Is it a natural power or a supernatural one? Supernatural, surely; wherefore no one is able to come to the Father, except through the Son, who places us above our very selves and gives the deifying simplicity and returns us to the unity of the gathering Father (p. 492) For this reason Paul "received grace for the obedience of faith," for this reason, "if you confess with your mouth that Jesus is Lord and believe in your heart that God raised him from the dead, you will be saved," for this reason those who have not seen and have believed are more blessed than those who have seen and have believed in Him who is living from the dead and the author of eternal life; for the things which the eye, seeing, disbelieves in itself and the mind cannot comprehend, these things they both saw and revered through the super-mundane eyes of faith.

"This is the victory that has overcome the world, our faith"; this it is, even if it is a paradox to say so, which both formerly established the world below in various ways and times, and then later refashioned it to be more divine and placed it high above the heavens and made the earth heavenly. Who preserved the seeds of a second world? Was it not the faith of Noah? Who made Abram Abraham and the father of many nations, both those likened to the sand and those similar to the stars? Was it not faith in those then incomprehensible promises? For he had the only-begotten heir set before him for slaughter and through him he, O the wonder, believed without doubt in a multitude of children. What then, would not the old man have then seemed to be foolish to those who see things by reason? But the outcome of events through the grace of God showed that faith is not foolishness, but a knowledge surpassing all reason. And Noah, in turn, expected abysses of waters from the curved circumference of heaven. Where is the nonsense of your revered philosophy? By nature all weights are carried downwards and to the center; light things, inasmuch as they are light, are so far distant from the center. Where for you is the rare and the compressed, the one unable to contain, the other to pass through, and things not very rarefied in nature? Where are the precise spheres and (p. 494) convexities and the manifold and most swift motions, through which you, seeking the truth in existing things, will lead yourself and those who obey you astray from it and will make them a victim of the flood, learning bitterly through experience those things which they wrongly were ignorant of through knowledge? But faith, even before the outcome, will through unknowing rightly bring one to the truth and will make them altogether unacquainted and impassive to evils through experience, and through the events themselves will prove all outside philosophy foolish, which knew neither then nor now that which was spoken by the great Peter, that "heavens existed long ago, and an earth formed out of water and through water, by which the world that then existed was deluged with water and perished; but the heavens and earth that now exist have been stored up for fire, being kept until the day of judgment and destruction of the ungodly." What then? Is the knowledge of God existing in Christians and the salvation through it by knowledge of philosophy or by faith, which through unknowing nullifies the knowledge of the former? But if it is by knowledge, faith is made void and the promise which says, "if you believe in your heart that Jesus is Lord you will be saved," is nullified. Therefore it is not the one who has knowledge of existing things in his heart who has God on account of this, but the one who has believed in his heart that Jesus is Lord has God established in himself through simple faith.

And let us now pass over those who through this knowledge were ignorant of God and that not all knowledge from philosophy is true. But let us suppose that it is all true and let us propose those who through this very knowledge of created things came to know God. At any rate, the contemplation and knowledge through these things is called the natural law; wherefore also before the

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αὕτη; Ἆρα φυσική τις δύναμις ἤ ὑπερφυής; Ὑπερφυής δήπου˙ διό οὔ δύναταί τις ἐλθεῖν πρός τόν Πατέρα, εἰ μή δι᾿ Υἱοῦ, τοῦ ὑπεράνω τιθέντος ἡμῶν αὐτῶν ἡμᾶς καί τήν θεοποιόν ἁπλότητα διδόντος καί πρός τήν τοῦ συναγωγοῦ Πατρός ἐπιστρέφοντος ἑνότητα (σελ. 492) ∆ιά τοῦτο Παῦλος «ἔλαβε χάριν εἰς ὑπακοήν πίστεως», διά τοῦτο, «ἐάν ὁμολογήσῃς ἐν τῷ στόματί σου Κύριον Ἰησοῦν καί πιστεύσῃς ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ σου ὅτι Θεός αὐτόν ἤγειρεν ἐκ νεκρῶν, σωθήσῃ», διά τοῦτο τῶν ἰδόντων καί πιστευσάντων εἰς τόν ἐκ νεκρῶν ζῶντα καί ἀρχηγόν τῆς αἰωνίου ζωῆς, οἱ μή ἰδόντες καί πιστεύσαντες μακαριώτεροι˙ ἅ γάρ καί ὀφθαλμός βλέπων ἑαυτῷ ἀπιστεῖ καί διάνοια καταλαβεῖν οὐκ ἔχει, ταῦτα διά τῶν τῆς πίστεως ὑπερκοσμίων ὀφθαλμῶν καί εἶδον καί ἐσεβάσθησαν.

«Αὕτη ἐστίν ἡ νίκη ἡ νικήσασα τόν κόσμον, ἡ πίστις ἡμῶν»˙ αὕτη ἐστίν, εἰ καί παράδοξον εἰπεῖν, ἡ καί τόν κάτω πρότερον κατά διαφόρους τρόπους καί καιρούς συστησαμένη κόσμον, εἶθ᾿ ὕστερον ἐπί τό θειότερον μετασκευάσασα καί ὑψοῦ τῶν οὐρανῶν αὐτόν θεῖσα καί τήν γῆν οὐρανώσασα. Τίς δευτέρου κόσμου σπέρματα ἐφύλαξεν; Οὐχ ἡ τοῦ Νῶε πίστις; Τίς τόν Ἀβραμ Ἀβραάμ καί πολλῶν ἐθνῶν πεποίηκε πατέρα, τῶν τε τῇ ψάμμῳ παρεικαζομένων καί τῶν τοῖς ἀστράσι παραπλησίων; Οὐχ ἡ περί τάς ἀκαταλήπτους τότε ἐκείνας ὑποσχέσεις πίστις; Τόν γάρ μονογενῆ διάδοχον προκείμενον εἶχεν σφαγήν καί δι᾿ αὐτοῦ πολυτεκνίαν, ὤ τοῦ θαύματος, ἀνενδοιάστως ἐπίστευσε. Τί οὖν, οὐχί μωραίνειν ἄν τότ᾿ ἔδοξεν ὁ γέρων τοῖς λογισμῷ τά πράγματα ὁρῶσιν; Ἀλλ᾿ ἔδειξεν ἡ διά τῆς χάριτος τοῦ Θεοῦ τῶν πραγμάτων ἔκβασις τήν πίστιν οὐκ ἀφροσύνην οὖσαν, ἀλλά γνῶσιν πάντα λογισμόν ὑπερέχουσαν. Νῶε δ᾿ αὖθις ἀπό τῆς κυρτῆς οὐρανοῦ περιφερείας ἀβύσσους προσεδόκησεν ὑδάτων. Ποῦ τά τῆς παρά σοί σεπτῆς φιλοσοφίας ληρήματα; Ἐπί τό κάτω καί μέσον φύσει πάντα φέρεται τά βάρη˙ τά κοῦφα, καθ᾿ ὅσον κοῦφα, κατά τοσοῦτο ἀπέχειν τοῦ μέσου. Ποῦ σοι τό μανόν καί συμπεπιλημένον, τό μέν οὐκ ἔχον στέγειν, τό δέ διαδύνον, καί τά μή πάνυ ἀραιά τήν φύσιν; Ποῦ τά ἀκριβῆ σφαιρώματά τε καί (σελ. 494) κυρτώματα καί αἱ πολυειδεῖς καί τάχισται κινήσεις, δι᾿ ὧν σύ τήν ἐν τοῖς οὖσιν ἀλήθειαν ζητῶν σαυτόν καί τούς σοί πειθομένους ἀποβουκολήσεις ταύτης καί παρανάλωμα κατακλυσμοῦ ποιήσεις, ἅ διά τῆς γνώσεως κακῶς ἠγνόησαν, ταῦτα πικρῶς διά τῆς πείρας μανθάνοντας; Ἡ δέ πίστις καί πρό τῆς ἐκβάσεως δι᾿ ἀγνωσίας καλῶς προσάξει τῇ ἀληθείᾳ καί ἀπειράστους παντάπασι καί ἀπαθεῖς κακῶν διά τῆς πείρας ποιήσεται καί διά τῶν πραγμάτων αὐτῶν μωράν ἀποδείξει τήν ἔξω πᾶσαν φιλοσοφίαν, μήτε τότε μήτε νῦν εἰδυῖαν τό ὑπό τοῦ μεγάλου Πέτρου εἰρημένον, ὅτι «οὐρανοί ἦσαν ἔκπαλαι ἐξ ὕδατος καί δι᾿ ὕδατος συνεστῶντες, δι᾿ ὧν ὁ πάλαι κόσμος ὕδατι κατακλυσθείς ἀπώλετο˙ οἱ δέ νῦν οὐρανοί τεθησαυρισμένοι εἰσί πυρί, τηρούμενοι εἰς ἡμέραν κρίσεως καί ἀπωλείας τῶν ἀσεβῶν». Τί οὖν; ἡ τοῖς χριστιανοῖς ἐνυπάρχουσα θεογνωσία καί ἡ δι᾿ αὐτήν σωτηρία διά γνώσεως φιλοσοφίας ἤ διά πίστεως, ἥτις δι᾿ ἀγνωσίας τήν ταύτης γνῶσιν καταργεῖ; Ἀλλ᾿ εἰ διά γνώσεως, κεκένωται ἡ πίστις καί κατήργηται ἡ λέγουσα ἐπαγγελία ὅτι, «ἐάν πιστεύσῃς ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ σου Κύριον Ἰησοῦν σωθήσῃ». Ὥστε οὐχ ὁ τήν τῶν ὄντων γνῶσιν ἔχων ἐν καρδίᾳ διά ταύτην ἔχειν τόν Θεόν, ἀλλ᾿ ὁ πιστεύσας ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ Κύριον Ἰησοῦν διά τῆς ἀπεριέργου πίστεως ἐν ἑαυτῷ ἐνιδρυμένον ἔχει τόν Θεόν.

Καί παρῶμεν νῦν τούς διά τῆς γνώσεως ταύτης ἀγνοήσαντας Θεόν καί ὅτι μή πᾶσα ἀληθής ἐστιν ἡ ἐκ φιλοσοφίας γνῶσις. Ἀλλά θῶμεν εἶναι πᾶσαν ἀληθῆ καί προθῶμεν τούς δι᾿αὐτῆς τῆς τῶν κτισμάτων γνώσεως ἐπιγνόντας τόν Θεόν. Ἡ γοῦν διά τούτων θεωρία καί ἐπίγνωσις φυσικός καλεῖται νόμος˙ διό καί πρό τῶν