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to a father in order to learn the difficult labor of virtue and the ascetic art. And concerning faith in spiritual fathers and the vision of light, by which every illumined soul makes progress

to the love of God.

Discourse 20. (273) My beloved and greatly desired brothers, many times you have wished to hear a word of profit from our mediocrity, and because you depart quickly, we did not think it profitable to speak to you by mouth about what is needful, as a secondary matter. For this reason, just as you requested that we write now to your love, we have readily agreed; not for admonition (for we are unworthy), but for counsel and remembrance, as ones who love you greatly, and whatever we know to be profitable and helpful to a soul for both the flight from the world and the alienation from the passions and the love of God and perfect dispassion.

Therefore, from nowhere else whatsoever did I think it right (274) to make a beginning for a person thirsting for the soul's salvation, except from the ever-flowing spring itself, our Savior Christ and God, for whom is our discourse and every undertaking, and toward whom is all our zeal with good hope and every thought. For he is for beginners a most unbreakable foundation, and for those in the middle an unashamed hope, and for the perfect an insatiable love and unending life. Of this one I have heard the holy voice speaking in common to all: "Whoever does not leave father and mother and brothers and all his possessions and take up his cross and follow me, is not worthy of me." Therefore, for no other reason was the cross ultimately set, as I have been taught by the Scripture and have learned through experience itself, except for the endurance of afflictions and temptations, and lastly for that voluntary death, which in those times, when heresies prevailed, many chose through martyrdom and various torments, but now, by the grace of Christ, in a time of profound and perfect peace, we have been assured that the cross and death are nothing other than the complete mortification of one's own will. For he who fulfills his own will in any way whatever will never be able to keep the commandment of the Savior Christ.

In order, therefore, that I may make my address as to one person, I say these things to you: Brother, earnestly beseech God, that He may show you a man, one able to shepherd you well, to whom you ought to obey as God Himself (275) and to fulfill without hesitation the things said to you by him, even if the things commanded seem to you to be contrary and harmful according to your opinion. And if indeed your heart is more fully assured by grace concerning the one you already have as a spiritual father, do what he tells you and you will be saved; for it is better to be called a disciple of a disciple and not to live according to one's own manner and to harvest the useless fruits of one's own will. But if the Holy Spirit sends you to another, do not hesitate at all; for we hear of Paul planting and Apollos watering and Christ giving the increase. Do therefore, brother, as we have said, and go to a man whom God will point out to you, either mystically through Himself or manifestly through His servant. And as seeing and speaking with Christ Himself, so revere him and so be taught by him the things that are profitable. For if you hear from him: "Go out from the land of your will and from the kindred of

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πατρί εἰς τό αμαθεῖν τά τῆς ἀρετῆς καί τῆς ἀσκητικῆς τέχνης τήν δυσκατόρθωτον ἐργασίαν. Καί περί πίστεως τῆς εἰς τούς πνευματικούς πατέρας καί θεωρίας φωτός, ὑφ᾿ οὗ πᾶσα φωτιζομένη ψυχή προκόπτει

εἰς ἀγάπην Θεοῦ.

Λόγος Κ΄. (273) Ἀγαπητοί μου και περιπόθητοι ἀδελφοί, πολλάκις ἠθελήσατε λόγον ὠφελείας

ἀκοῦσαι παρά τῆς ἡμῶν μετριότητος, καί διά τό συντόμως ὑποχωρεῖν ὑμᾶς, λαλῆσαι ὑμῖν ἀπό στόματος τά δέοντα, ὡς πάρεργα, συμφερόντως οὐκ ἠβουλήθημεν. ∆ιά τοῦτο καθάπερ ᾐττήσασθε γράψαι νῦν τῇ ἀγάπῃ ὑμῶν, εἰκότως προεθυμήθημεν· οὐ τά πρός νουθεσίαν (καί γάρ ἀνάξιοι), ἀλλά τά πρός συμβουλήν καί ὑπόμνησιν, ὡς ἀγαπῶντες λίαν ὑμᾶς, καί ὅσα γινώσκομεν ὠφελοῦντα καί συνεργοῦντα ψυχήν πρός τε τήν ἐκ τοῦ κόσμου φυγήν καί τήν τῶν παθῶν ἀλλοτρίωσιν καί Θεοῦ ἀγάπην καί τελείαν ἀπάθειαν.

Τοιγαροῦν καί οὐδαμόθεν ποθέν ἄλλοθεν δίκαιον (274) ἡγησάμην τήν ἀρχήν πρός ἄνθρωπον διψῶντα τήν ψυχικήν σωτηρίαν ποιήσασθαι, εἰ μή ἐξ αὐτῆς τῆς ἀεννάου πηγῆς, τοῦ Σωτῆρος Χριστοῦ καί Θεοῦ ἡμῶν, δι᾿ ὅν ἡμῖν ὁ λόγος καί ἅπαν ἐγχείρημα, καί πρός ὅν πᾶσα σπουδή μετ᾿ ἐλπίδος χρηστῆς καί ἅπαν ἐνθύμιον. Οὗτος γάρ καί ἀρχομένοις θεμέλιος ἀρραγέστατος καί μεσάζουσιν ἐλπίς ἀκαταίσχυντος καί τελειοῦσιν ἀγάπη ἀκόρεστος καί ζωή ἀτελεύτητος. Τούτου ἐγώ τῆς ἁγίας φωνῆς ἤκουσα πρός ἅπαντας λεγούσης κοινῶς· "Ὅστις οὐ καταλείψει πατέρα καί μητέρα καί ἀδελφούς καί πάντα τά ὑπάρχοντα αὐτῷ καί ἄρῃ τόν σταυρόν αὐτοῦ καί ἀκολουθήσει μοι, οὐκ ἔστι μου ἄξιος". ∆ι᾿ οὐδέν οὖν ἕτερον τόν σταυρόν ἐσχάτως τεθεῖναι καί παρά τῆς Γραφῆς ἐδιδάχθην καί δι᾿ αὐτῆς τῆς πείρας μεμάθηκα, εἰ μή διά τήν τῶν θλίψεων καί πειρασμῶν ὑπομονήν καί τελευταῖον διά τόν θάνατον αὐτόν τόν ἑκούσιον, ὅνπερ καί τοῖς τότε καιροῖς, ἐπικρατουσῶν τῶν αἱρέσεων, πολλοί διά τοῦ μαρτυρίου καί τῶν ποικίλων βασάνων προείλοντο, νυνί δέ Χριστοῦ χάριτι ἐν καιρῷ βαθείας καί τελείας εἰρήνης οὐδέν ἕτερον ἐπληροφορήθημεν εἶναι σταυρόν καί θάνατον, εἰ μή τήν παντελῆ τοῦ ἰδίου θελήματος νέκρωσιν. Ὁ γάρ τό ἴδιον κἄν ὁπωσοῦν ἐκπληρῶν θέλημα, τό τοῦ Σωτῆρος Χριστοῦ πρόσταγμα φυλάξαι οὐ δυνήσεται πώποτε.

Ἵνα οὖν ὡς πρός ἕνα τόν λόγον ποιήσωμαι, ταῦτά φημι πρός ὑμᾶς· Ἀδελφέ, ἐκτενῶς τόν Θεόν παρακάλεσον, ὅπως δείξῃ σοι ἄνθρωπον, τόν καλῶς ποιμᾶναί σε δυνάμενον, ᾧ καί ὀφείλεις ὡς αὐτῷ τῷ Θεῷ ὑπακοῦσαι (275) καί τά παρ᾿ αὐτοῦ σοι λεγόμενα ἀδιστάκτως ἐπιτελέσαι, εἰ καί ἐναντία σοι καί ἐπιβλαβῆ κατά τό δοκοῦν σοι τά προσταττόμενα φαίνονται. Καί εἰ μέν εἰς ὅν ἤδη ἔσχες πατέρα πνευματικόν περισσοτέρως πληροφορεῖται παρά τῆς χάριτος ἡ καρδία σου, ποίει ἅ σοι λέγει καί σῴζῃ· κρεῖσσον γάρ μαθητήν μαθητοῦ ὀνομάζεσθαι καί μή ἰδιορρύθμως βιοῦν καί τρυγᾶν ἀνωφελεῖς καρπούς τοῦ ἰδίου θελήματος. Εἰ δέ πρός ἄλλον τό Ἅγιον Πνεῦμα ἐκπέμψει σε, μή διστάσῃς τό σύνολον· ἀκούομεν γάρ καί Παῦλον φυτεύσαντα καί Ἀπολλῶ ἀρδεύσαντα καί Χριστόν αὐξάνοντα. Ποίησον οὖν, ἀδελφέ, καί σύ καθώς εἴπομεν, καί ἄπελθε πρός ἄνθρωπον, ὅν ὁ Θεός ἤ μυστικῶς δι᾿ ἑαυτοῦ ἤ φανερῶς διά δούλου αὐτοῦ ὑποδείξει σοι. Καί ὡς αὐτόν τόν Χριστόν καί ὁρῶν καί λαλῶν, οὕτω σεβάσθητι αὐτόν καί οὕτω διδάχθητι παρ᾿ αὐτοῦ τά συμφέροντα. Ἐάν γάρ ἀκούσῃς παρ᾿ αὐτοῦ· "Ἔξελθε ἐκ τῆς γῆς τοῦ θελήματός σου καί ἐκ τῆς συγγενείας τοῦ