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himself. For that which is not done with humility and spiritual knowledge, whatever it may be, profits the doer nothing. And how this is so, he who wishes will be taught through all the divine Scriptures. For we are hastening only to show this, that neither those who spend time in repentance, nor those in ascetic practice are serving the Lord, but are profiting themselves and gratifying only themselves; and, if it seems good, let us make the argument more trustworthy and more certain by examples.

Whom do we say are those who serve the earthly king? Those who dwell in their own houses, or those who follow him everywhere? Those who live in their own suburbs, or those enrolled in the armies? Those who recline and live in luxury and are wasteful at home, or those who act bravely in wars (248) and are struck, and sometimes strike and kill many of the enemy and rescue their fellow servants who have been taken captive and put the enemies to shame? The goldsmiths and coppersmiths and linen-weavers, who are always working and are barely able to provide for the bodily needs of themselves and those with them, or the generals, the chiliarchs and the other rulers and the peoples themselves who are ruled by them? Is it not manifest that these latter are the ones who serve the earthly king, rather than the former? For a coppersmith and a goldsmith and a carpenter, if they do any work for the king, receive the agreed-upon wage from his subjects and return home as strangers and foreigners, having neither seen the king nor having any knowledge of any friendship with him; but the others are also friends of the king and through them the people under each one of them. Thus, then, think of the heavenly king and of those who serve him. For we are all his servants, as having been created and brought forth by him, both believers and unbelievers, slaves and free, rich and poor, priests, high priests, and kings and rulers alike; but those who keep his commandments dutifully and with all their strength and through these show their firm faith in him are called good and are said to be faithful, while those who choose to serve him neglectfully and lazily are called wicked and slothful, and those who do or say things contrary to his commands are enemies and adversaries, even if they are weak and have no strength at all against him.

We, therefore, having heard the Lord saying, "Whoever wishes to come after me, let him deny himself and take up (249) his cross and follow me," and the Apostle teaching, "Little children, do not love the world or the things in the world; for the love of the world is enmity toward God," and that, "Whoever loves the world has made himself an enemy of God," having seemingly abandoned all things, we followed our Savior and God, or rather, since the world was an obstacle to virtue for us, we went over to the solitary life, as if leaving an enemy land in which we lived as captives, having voluntarily fled, and we passed over to the country of our master and king, Christ, having put on only the habit of the people who serve under him, not, however, having been enlisted or serving him by means of the garment, just as those who wear the same uniform as the soldiers are not soldiers of the king, but we say that we have for the time being come under his kingdom, having put on the monastic garment, but we do not say that we have been enlisted for him on account of this, because our weapons are not carnal but spiritual; "For our struggle is not against flesh and blood, but against the principalities, against the powers, against the spiritual forces of wickedness in the heavenly places." When, therefore, we put on the armor of light, the shield and helmet and the rest, which holy Paul enumerated, and the

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ἑαυτόν. Τό γάρ μή γινόμενον μετά ταπεινοφροσύνης καί γνώσεως πνευματικῆς, οἷον ἄν καί ἔστιν, οὐδέν ὀνίσησι τόν ποιοῦντα. Καί πῶς τοῦτο ἔστι, διά πάντων τῶν θείων Γραφῶν ὁ βουλόμενος διδαχθήσεται. Ἡμεῖς γάρ τοῦτο δεῖξαι μόνον κατεπειγόμεθα, ὅτι οὔτε οἱ ἐν τῇ μετανοίᾳ, οὔτε οἱ ἐν τῇ ἀσκήσει χρονίσαντες τῷ κυρίῳ δουλεύουσιν, ἀλλ᾿ ἑαυτούς ὠφελοῦσι καί ἑαυτοῖς μόνοις χαρίζονται· καί, εἰ δοκεῖ, ἀπό παραδειγμάτων πιστότερον τόν λόγον καί βεβαιότερον ἐργασώμεθα.

Τίνας λέγομεν εἶναι τούς τῷ ἐπιγείῳ δουλεύοντας βασιλεῖ; Τούς ἀναστρεφομένους ἐν τοῖς ἑαυτῶν οἴκοις, ἤ τούς συνακολουθοῦντας αὐτῷ πανταχοῦ; Τούς διάγοντας ἐν τοῖς ἑαυτῶν προαστείοις, ἤ τούς κατειλεγμένους ἐν τοῖς στρατεύμασι; Τούς ἀναπεπτωκότας καί τρυφῶντας καί οἴκαδε σπαταλῶντας, ἤ τούς ἐν πολέμοις ἀνδραγαθοῦντας (248) καί πληττομένους, ἔσθ᾿ ὅτε καί πλήττοντας καί τῶν ἐχθρῶν ἀναιροῦντας πολλούς καί τούς αἰχμαλωτισθέντας συνδούλους αὐτῶν ἀναρρυομένους καί τούς ἐχθρούς καταισχύνοντας; Τούς χρυσοχόους καί χαλκοτύπους καί λινοξόους, τούς ἀεί ἐργαζομένους καί μόλις ἑαυτοῖς καί τοῖς συνοῦσι τήν σωματικήν δυναμένους πορίσασθαι χρείαν, ἤ τούς στρατηγούς, τούς χιλιάρχους καί τούς λοιπούς ἄρχοντας καί αὐτούς τούς ὑπ᾿ αὐτῶν ἀρχομένους λαούς; Οὐ πρόδηλον τούτους εἶναι μᾶλλον τούς τῷ ἐπιγείῳ δουλεύοντας βασιλεῖ, ἤ ἐκείνους; Χαλκεύς γάρ καί χρυσοχόος καί τέκτων, εἴ τι ἔργον ἐργάσονται τῷ βασιλεῖ, παρά τῶν ὑπηκόων τόν συμφωνηθέντα λαμβάνουσι μισθόν καί ὡς ξένοι τινές καί ἀλλότριοι ἀναστρέφουσιν οἴκαδε, μήτε τόν βασιλέα ἰδόντες, μήτε γνῶσιν ἔχοντες φιλίας τῆς οἱασοῦν πρός αὐτόν· οἱ δέ καί φίλοι τοῦ βασιλέως εἰσί καί δι᾿ αὐτῶν ὁ ὑφ᾿ ἑνί ἑκάστῳ αὐτῶν ὑπάρχων λαός. Οὕτως οὖν καί ἐπί τοῦ ἐπουρανίου νόει μοι βασιλέως καί ἐπί τῶν δουλευόντων αὐτῷ. ∆οῦλοι γάρ αὐτοῦ, ὡς ὑπ᾿ αὐτοῦ καί κτισθέντες καί παραχθέντες, οἱ πάντες ἐσμέν, πιστοί τε καί ἄπιστοι, δοῦλοι καί ἐλεύθεροι, πλούσιοι καί πένητες, ἱερεῖς, ἀρχιερεῖς, βασιλεῖς τε καί ὁμοῦ καί ἄρχοντες· ἀλλ᾿ οἱ μέν εὐγνωμόνως καί ἐν πάσῃ ἰσχύϊ τάς ἐντολάς αὐτοῦ τηροῦντες καί διά τούτων τήν εἰς αὐτόν πίστιν βεβαίαν ἐπιδεικνύμενοι ἀγαθοί καλοῦνται καί πιστοί λέγονται, οἱ δέ ἀμελῶς μέν καί ῥᾳθύμως ὅμως δέ δουλεύειν αὐτῷ προαιρούμενοι πονηροί καλοῦνται καί ὀκνηροί, οἱ δέ καί ἐναντία τῶν ἐκείνου προσταγμάτων ποιοῦντες ἤ λέγοντες ἐχθροί εἰσι καί πολέμιοι, εἰ καί ἀσθενεῖς εἰσι καί οὐδέν ὅλως ἰσχύοντες κατ᾿ αὐτοῦ.

Ἡμεῖς οὖν τοῦ Κυρίου ἀκούσαντες λέγοντος· "Ὅστις θέλει ὀπίσω μου ἐλθεῖν, ἀπαρνησάσθω ἑαυτόν καί ἀράτω τόν (249) τόν σταυρόν αὐτοῦ καί ἀκολουθείτω μοι" καί τοῦ Ἀποστόλου διδάσκοντος· "Τεκνία, μή ἀγαπᾶτε τόν κόσμον μηδέ τά ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ· ἡ γάρ ἀγάπη τοῦ κόσμου ἔχθρα εἰς Θεόν ἐστί" καί ὅτι· "Ὁ ἀγαπῶν τόν κόσμον ἐχθρός τοῦ Θεοῦ καθέστηκεν", πάντα τῷ δοκεῖν ἀφέντες, τῷ Σωτῆρι ἡμῶν καί Θεῷ ἠκολουθήσαμεν, μᾶλλον δέ τόν κόσμον ὡς ἐμπόδιον ἡμῖν πρός ἀρετήν ὄντα, πρός τόν μονήρη βίον μετήλθομεν, οἱονεί τήν πολεμίαν καταλιπόντες γῆν, ἐν ᾗ αἰχμάλωτοι, ἑκουσίως ἀποφυγόντες, διήγομεν, καί πρός τήν χώραν τοῦ ἡμετέρου δεσπότου καί βασιλέως Χριστοῦ μετέβημεν, ἐνδυσάμενοι μόνον τό σχῆμα τοῦ ὑπ᾿ αὐτοῦ τελοῦντος λαοῦ, οὐ μέντοιγε διά τοῦ ἐνδύματος αὐτῷ στρατευθέντες ἤ δουλεύοντες, ὡς οὐδέ οἱ τήν ἴσην τοῖς στρατιώταις φοροῦντες στολήν στρατιῶται τοῦ βασιλέως τυγχάνουσιν, ἀλλ᾿ ὑπό τήν αὐτοῦ τέως γεγονέναι λέγομεν βασιλείαν, τό μοναχικόν ἐνδυσάμενοι ἔνδυμα, στρατευθῆναι δέ αὐτῷ διά τοῦτο οὐ λέγομεν, διότι τά ὅπλα ἡμῶν οὔκ εἰσι σωματικά ἀλλά πνευματικά· "Οὐ γάρ ἐστιν ἡμῖν ἡ πάλη πρός αἷμα καί σάρκα, ἀλλά πρός τάς ἀρχάς, πρός τάς ἐξουσίας, πρός τά πνευματικά τῆς πονηρίας ἐν τοῖς ἐπουρανίοις". Ὅταν οὖν ἐνδυσώμεθα τά ὅπλα τοῦ φωτός, ἀσπίδα καί περικεφαλαίαν καί τά λοιπά, ἅ Παῦλος ὁ ἅγιος ἀπηριθμήσατο, καί τήν