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the saying to ourselves, we will abstain from all terrible things; a great snare is the beauty of a woman; or rather, not the beauty of a woman, but the licentious gaze; for let us not slander things, but ourselves and our own indolence; and let us not say, "Let there be no women," but "Let there be no adulteries;" and let us not say, "Let there be no beauty," but "Let there be no fornication;" and let us not say, "Let there be no belly," but "Let there be no gluttony;" for it is not the belly that makes gluttony, but our indolence. Let us not say that all evils are because of eating and drinking; for it is not for this reason, but because of our indolence and insatiability. For the devil neither ate nor drank, and he fell; Paul ate and drank, and he ascended into heaven. From how many do I hear it said, "Let there be no poverty!" Let us then silence those who are vexed by such things; for to say such things is blasphemy. Let us say then to them, "Let there be no faintheartedness;" for poverty has introduced countless good things into our life, and without poverty wealth is useless. Let us not, then, slander either this one or that one; for both poverty and wealth are weapons leading to virtue, if we are willing. Just as, then, the noble soldier, whatever weapon he takes, displays his own virtue; so the unmanly and cowardly man is hindered by either. And that you may learn that this is true, call to mind for me Job, who was at once both rich and poor, and handled both weapons, and in both was victorious. And when he was rich, he said, "My door was opened to every comer;" but when he became poor, he said, "The Lord gave, and the Lord has taken away; as it seemed good to the Lord, so it came to pass." When he was rich, he showed great hospitality; when he became poor, he showed great endurance. And you, then, are you rich? Show great mercy. Have you become poor? Great fortitude and endurance. For neither is wealth evil, nor poverty simply so; but each of these becomes so according to the choice of those who use them.

4. Let us then teach ourselves not to have such judgments about things, nor to slander the works of God, but the evil choice of men. Wealth cannot even help the fainthearted man; nor does poverty ever harm the great-souled man. Let us therefore recognize the snares, and walk far from them; let us recognize the precipices, and not even come near. This will be for us a foundation of the greatest safety, not only to flee from sins, but also those things which seem to be indifferent, but which trip us up into sins. For example, what I mean is: To laugh and to tell jokes does not seem to be an acknowledged sin, but it leads to an acknowledged sin; for often from laughter shameful words are born, from shameful words, more shameful deeds; often from words and laughter come reviling and insolence, from reviling and insolence, blows and wounds, from wounds and blows, slaughter and murders. If, then, you are to deliberate well concerning yourself, you will flee not only shameful words, nor shameful deeds, nor blows and wounds and murders, but also untimely laughter itself 49.159 and witty words themselves, since these became the root of the evils that came after. For this reason Paul says, "Let foolish talking and coarse jesting not proceed out of your mouth." For even if it seems to be a small thing in itself, yet it becomes a cause of great evils for us. Again, living luxuriously does not seem to be a clear and acknowledged crime, but it brings forth great evils for us: drunkenness, drunken violence, covetousness, robberies. For the one who is extravagant and lavish, and performs unbearable services to his belly, is often compelled to steal, and to seize the things of others, and to be covetous, and to use violence. If, then, you flee from luxurious living, you have done away with the occasion for covetousness and robbery and drunkenness and countless evils, cutting out the root of wickedness from afar. For this reason Paul also said that "The widow who lives in pleasure is dead while she lives." To go up into the theaters again, and of horses

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ἑαυτοῖς τὴν ῥῆσιν, πάντων ἀποστησόμεθα τῶν δεινῶν· παγὶς μεγίστη κάλλος γυναικός· μᾶλλον δὲ οὐχὶ κάλλος γυναικὸς, ἀλλ' ἡ ἀκόλαστος ὄψις· μὴ γὰρ δὴ τὰ πράγματα διαβάλλωμεν, ἀλλ' ἡμᾶς καὶ τὴν ἡμετέραν ῥᾳθυμίαν· μηδὲ λέγωμεν, Μὴ ἔστωσαν γυναῖκες, ἀλλὰ Μὴ ἔστωσαν μοιχεῖα· μηδὲ λέγωμεν, Μὴ ἔστω κάλλος, ἀλλὰ Μὴ ἔστω πορνεία· μηδὲ λέγωμεν, Μὴ ἔστω κοιλία, ἀλλὰ Μὴ ἔστω ἀδηφαγία· οὐ γὰρ ἡ κοιλία τὴν ἀδηφαγίαν ποιεῖ, ἀλλ' ἡ ἡμετέρα ῥᾳθυμία. Μὴ λέγωμεν διὰ τὸ φαγεῖν καὶ πιεῖν πάντα τὰ κακά· οὐ γὰρ διὰ τοῦτο, ἀλλὰ διὰ τὴν ῥᾳθυμίαν καὶ τὴν ἀπληστίαν τὴν ἡμετέραν. Οὐκ ἔφαγε γοῦν οὐδὲ ἔπιεν ὁ διάβολος, καὶ κατέπεσεν· ἔφαγε καὶ ἔπιεν ὁ Παῦλος, καὶ εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν ἀνῆλθε. Πόσων ἀκούω λεγόντων, Μὴ ἔστω πενία! Ἐπιστομίζωμεν τοίνυν τοὺς τὰ τοιαῦτα δυσχεραίνοντας· βλασφημία γὰρ τὸ τὰ τοιαῦτα λέγειν ἐστί. Λέγωμεν τοίνυν πρὸς αὐτούς· Μὴ ἔστω μικροψυχία· πενία γὰρ μυρία εἰς τὸν βίον ἡμῶν εἰσήγαγεν ἀγαθὰ, καὶ χωρὶς πενίας ὁ πλοῦτος ἄχρηστος. Μὴ τοίνυν μήτε τοῦτον μήτε ἐκείνην διαβάλλωμεν· πενία γὰρ καὶ πλοῦτος ὅπλα ἐστὶ πρὸς ἀρετὴν ἑκάτερα φέροντα, ἂν ἐθέλωμεν. Ὥσπερ οὖν ὁ γενναῖος στρατιώτης, οἷον ἂν ὅπλον λάβῃ, τὴν οἰκείαν ἀρετὴν ἐπιδείκνυται· οὕτως ὁ ἄνανδρος καὶ δειλὸς ὑφ' ἑκατέρων ἐμποδίζεται. Καὶ ἵνα μάθῃς, ὅτι τοῦτό ἐστιν ἀληθὲς, ἀναμνήσθητί μοι τοῦ Ἰὼβ, ὃς ὁμοῦ καὶ πλούσιος καὶ πένης γέγονε, καὶ ἑκάτερα τὰ ὅπλα μετεχειρίσατο, καὶ ἐν ἑκατέροις ἐκράτησε. Καὶ ὅτε μὲν πλούσιος ἦν, ἔλεγεν· Ἡ θύρα μου παντὶ ἐλθόντι ἠνέῳκτο· ὅτε δὲ πένης γέγονεν, ἔλεγεν· Ὁ Κύριος ἔδωκεν, ὁ Κύριος ἀφείλετο· ὡς τῷ Κυρίῳ ἔδοξεν, οὕτω καὶ ἐγένετο. Ὅτε πλούσιος ἦν, πολλὴν τὴν φιλοξενίαν, ὅτε πένης γέγονε, πολλὴν τὴν ὑπομονὴν ἐπεδείξατο. Καὶ σὺ τοίνυν πλούσιος εἶ; πολλὴν ἐπιδείκνυσο τὴν ἐλεημοσύνην. Πένης γέγονας; πολλὴν τὴν καρτερίαν καὶ τὴν ὑπομονήν. Οὔτε γὰρ πλοῦτος κακὸν, οὔτε πενία ἁπλῶς· ἀλλὰ παρὰ τὴν προαίρεσιν τῶν χρωμένων ἑκάτερα ταῦτα γίνεται.

δʹ. Παιδεύσωμεν τοίνυν ἑαυτοὺς μὴ τοιαύτας περὶ τῶν πραγμάτων ἔχειν τὰς κρίσεις, μηδὲ τὰ ἔργα τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἀλλὰ τὴν προαίρεσιν τὴν πονηρὰν τῶν ἀνθρώπων διαβάλλειν. Τὸν μικρόψυχον οὐδὲ ὁ πλοῦτος ὠφελῆσαι δύναται· τὸν μεγαλόψυχον οὐδὲ ἡ πενία καταβλάπτει ποτέ. Ἐπιγνῶμεν τοίνυν τὰς παγίδας, καὶ πόῤῥωθεν αὐτῶν βαδίζωμεν· ἐπιγνῶμεν τοὺς κρημνοὺς, καὶ μηδὲ ἐγγὺς γινώμεθα. Τοῦτο ἀσφαλείας ἡμῖν ἔσται μεγίστης ὑπόθεσις, τὸ μὴ τὰ ἁμαρτήματα φεύγειν μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰ ἀδιάφορα μὲν εἶναι δοκοῦντα, πρὸς δὲ τὰς ἁμαρτίας ἡμᾶς ὑποσκελίζοντα. Οἷόν τι λέγω· Τὸ γελᾷν καὶ ἀστεῖα λέγειν οὐ δοκεῖ μὲν ὡμολογημένον ἁμάρτημα εἶναι, ἄγει δὲ εἰς ὡμολογημένον ἁμάρτημα· πολλάκις γοῦν ἀπὸ γέλωτος αἰσχρὰ ῥήματα τίκτεται, ἀπὸ ῥημάτων αἰσχρῶν πράξεις αἰσχρότεραι· πολλάκις ἀπὸ ῥημάτων καὶ γέλωτος λοιδορία καὶ ὕβρις, ἀπὸ λοιδορίας καὶ ὕβρεως πληγαὶ καὶ τραύματα, ἀπὸ τραυμάτων καὶ πληγῶν σφαγαὶ καὶ φόνοι. Ἂν τοίνυν μέλλῃς περὶ σεαυτοῦ καλῶς βουλεύεσθαι, οὐχὶ τὰ αἰσχρὰ ῥήματα μόνον, οὐδὲ τὰ αἰσχρὰ πράγματα, οὐδὲ τὰς πληγὰς καὶ τὰ τραύματα καὶ τοὺς φόνους, ἀλλὰ καὶ αὐτὸν τὸν ἄκαιρον γέλωτα 49.159 καὶ αὐτὰ τὰ ἀστεῖα ἀποφεύξῃ ῥήματα, ἐπειδὴ τῶν μετὰ ταῦτα κακῶν ῥίζα ταῦτα ἐγένετο. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο ὁ Παῦλός φησι· Μωρολογία καὶ εὐτραπελία μὴ ἐκπορευέσθω ἐκ τοῦ στόματος ὑμῶν. Εἰ γὰρ καὶ αὐτὸ καθ' ἑαυτὸ μικρὸν εἶναι δοκεῖ, ἀλλὰ μεγάλων ἡμῖν κακῶν αἴτιον γίνεται. Πάλιν τὸ τρυφᾷν οὐ δοκεῖ μὲν ἔγκλημα εἶναι φανερὸν καὶ ὡμολογημένον, μεγάλα δὲ ἡμῖν τίκτει κακὰ, μέθην, παροινίαν, πλεονεξίαν, ἁρπαγάς. Ὁ γὰρ δαπανηρὸς καὶ πολυτελὴς, καὶ λειτουργίας τῇ γαστρὶ λειτουργῶν ἀφορήτους, καὶ κλέπτειν ἀναγκάζεται πολλάκις, καὶ τὰ ἑτέρων ἁρπάζειν, καὶ πλεονεκτεῖν, καὶ βιάζεσθαι. Ἂν τοίνυν φύγῃς τὸ τρυφᾷν, καὶ πλεονεξίας καὶ ἁρπαγῆς καὶ μέθης καὶ μυρίων κακῶν τὴν ὑπόθεσιν ἀνεῖλες, πόῤῥωθεν τὴν ῥίζαν ἐκτεμὼν τῆς πονηρίας. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο καὶ ὁ Παῦλος ἔλεγεν, ὅτι Ἡ σπαταλῶσα χήρα ζῶσα τέθνηκε. Τὸ εἰς τὰ θέατρα ἀναβαίνειν πάλιν, καὶ ἵππων