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To watch contests, and to gamble, does not seem to be an acknowledged transgression to the many, but it introduces countless evils into life. For indeed, spending time in the theaters has begotten fornication, intemperance, and all licentiousness, and the watching of horse races has brought on fights, revilings, blows, insults, and perpetual enmities; and the zeal for gambling has often produced blasphemies, losses, anger, revilings, and countless other things more terrible than these. Therefore let us not only flee sins, but also those things that seem to be indifferent, but little by little lead us into these transgressions. For one who walks beside a cliff, even if he does not fall, trembles, and often overcome by the trembling itself has fallen; so also he who does not flee sins from afar, but walks near them, will live with fear, and will often fall into them. For indeed, he who gazes curiously at the beauty of others, even if he does not commit adultery, has at least lusted, and has become an adulterer according to the sentence of Christ; and often by this very desire he is also brought down into sin by way of experience. Therefore from afar let us restrain ourselves from sins. Do you wish to be temperate? Flee not only adultery, but also an intemperate glance. Do you wish to be far from shameful words? Flee not only shameful words, but also disorderly laughter, and all desire. Do you wish to be far from murder? Flee reviling. Do you wish to abstain from drunkenness? Flee luxury and sumptuous tables, and pull up evil by the root. A great snare is intemperance of the tongue and it needs much of a bridle. For this reason someone also says: A strong snare for a man are his own lips, and he is caught by the words of his own mouth. 5. Therefore, before all other members, let us chasten this one, let us bridle this one, and let us drive out from the mouth reviling and insults and filthy talk and slander, and the evil habit of oaths; for again the discourse has led us to the same exhortation. And yet yesterday I arranged with your love, that I will no longer speak about this commandment, because on all the previous days I have spoken sufficiently about it; but what can I do? Until I see you have succeeded, I cannot bear to abstain from the counsel; since Paul also, saying to the Galatians, From now on let no one cause me trouble, is seen again having come together with them and spoken. Such are the paternal affections, even if they say they are departing, they do not depart, until they see their children corrected by them. Did you hear the prophet today discoursing to us about oaths? I looked with my eyes, and I saw, he says, and behold a flying sickle twenty cubits in length, and ten cubits in width, and he said to me: What do you see? And I said: I see a flying sickle twenty cubits in length, and ten cubits in width; and it will enter into the house, he says, of him who swears by my name, and it will destroy it in the midst, and will tear down the stones and the timber. What is it that is said, and for what reason does the punishment that follows those who swear appear in the form of a sickle, and a flying sickle? So that you may see the inescapable nature of the judgment and the impossibility of escaping the punishment. For a flying sword someone might be able to escape, but a sickle that has fallen upon the neck and become like a rope, no one could escape; and when it also has wings, what hope of salvation is left? And for what reason does it destroy the stones and the timber of the one who swears? So that the suffering may become a lesson for others. For since it is necessary for the one who swears, having died, to be hidden in the earth, the house, having been destroyed and become a mound, will exhort all who pass by and see it through its appearance, not to dare the same things, so that they may not suffer the same things, and it will be a perpetual accuser of the sin of the deceased. A sword does not pierce so, as does the nature of an oath; a dagger does not kill so, as does the blow of an oath. He who has sworn, even if he seems to live, has already died, and has received the blow; and just as he who has received the rope, and before he leaves the city, and comes to the pit, and sees the executioner standing by, is at once dead

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ἁμίλλας θεωρεῖν, καὶ κυβεύειν, οὐ δοκεῖ πλημμέλημα τοῖς πολλοῖς ὡμολογημένον εἶναι, μυρία δὲ εἰς τὸν βίον εἰσάγει κακά. Καὶ γὰρ ἡ ἐν τοῖς θεάτροις διατριβὴ πορνείαν, ἀκολασίαν, καὶ πᾶσαν ἀσέλγειαν ἔτεκε, καὶ ἡ τῆς ἁμίλλης τῶν ἵππων θεωρία μάχας, λοιδορίας, πληγὰς, ὕβρεις, ἀπεχθείας διηνεκεῖς ἐπήγαγε· καὶ ἡ περὶ τὸ κυβεύειν σπουδὴ βλασφημίας, ζημίας, ὀργὰς, λοιδορίας, καὶ μυρία ἕτερα τούτων δεινότερα πολλάκις εἰργάσατο. Μὴ τοίνυν τὰ ἁμαρτήματα φεύγωμεν μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰ δοκοῦντα μὲν ἀδιάφορα εἶναι, κατὰ μικρὸν δὲ ἡμᾶς εἰς τὰς πλημμελείας ἄγοντα ταύτας. Καὶ γὰρ ὁ παρὰ κρημνὸν βαδίζων, κἂν μὴ καταπέσῃ, τρέμει, καὶ πολλάκις ὑπ' αὐτοῦ τοῦ τρόμου περιτραπεὶς κατέπεσεν· οὕτω καὶ ὁ μὴ πόῤῥωθεν φεύγων τὰς ἁμαρτίας, ἀλλ' ἐγγὺς αὐτῶν βαδίζων, μετὰ φόβου βιώσεται, καὶ πολλάκις εἰς αὐτὰς ἐμπεσεῖται. Καὶ γὰρ ὁ τὰ ἀλλότρια περιεργαζόμενος κάλλη, κἂν μὴ μοιχεύσῃ, τέως ἐπεθύμησε, καὶ γέγονε κατὰ τὴν ἀπόφασιν τοῦ Χριστοῦ μοιχός· πολλάκις δὲ ὑπ' αὐτῆς τῆς ἐπιθυμίας καὶ εἰς τὴν διὰ τῆς πείρας ἁμαρτίαν καταφέρεται. Πόῤῥωθεν τοίνυν ἑαυτοὺς ἀναστείλωμεν τῶν ἁμαρτημάτων. Βούλει σωφρονεῖν; μὴ φύγῃς μοιχείαν μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀκόλαστον ὄψιν. Βούλει ῥημάτων αἰσχρῶν εἶναι μακράν; μὴ τὰ αἰσχρὰ ῥήματα φύγῃς μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ γέλωτα ἄτακτον, καὶ ἐπιθυμίαν ἅπασαν. Βούλει φόνων εἶναι πόῤῥω; φεῦγε λοιδορίας. Βούλει μέθης ἀφίστασθαι; φεῦγε τρυφὰς καὶ τὰς πολυτελεῖς τραπέζας, καὶ πρόῤῥιζον τὴν κακίαν ἀνάσπασον. Μεγάλη παγὶς γλώσσης ἀκολασία καὶ πολλοῦ δεομένη τοῦ χαλινοῦ. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο καί τίς φησι· Παγὶς ἰσχυρὰ ἀνδρὶ τὰ ἴδια χείλη, καὶ ἁλίσκεται ῥήμασιν ἰδίου στόματος. εʹ. Πρὸ τῶν ἄλλων τοίνυν ἁπάντων μελῶν ταύτην σωφρονίσωμεν, ταύτην χαλινώσωμεν, καὶ λοιδορίας καὶ ὕβρεις καὶ αἰσχρολογίας καὶ κακηγορίας ἀπὸ τοῦ στόματος ἐξελάσωμεν, καὶ τὴν πονηρὰν τῶν ὅρκων συνήθειαν· πάλιν γὰρ ἡμᾶς ἐπὶ τὴν αὐτὴν παραίνεσιν ὁ λόγος ἤγαγε. Καίτοι γε ἑσπέρας συνεταξάμην ὑμῶν τῇ ἀγάπῃ, ὡς οὐκέτι περὶ τῆς ἐντολῆς ταύτης ἐρῶ, διὰ τὸ πάσας τὰς ἔμπροσθεν ἡμέρας ἀρκούντως περὶ αὐτῆς διειλέχθαι· ἀλλὰ τί πάθω; Ἕως ἂν ἴδω κατορθώσαντας, οὐ στέγω τῆς συμβουλῆς ἀποσχέσθαι· ἐπεὶ καὶ Παῦλος Γαλάταις λέγων, Τοῦ λοιποῦ κόπους μοι μηδεὶς παρεχέτω, πάλιν αὐτοῖς φαίνεται συγγενόμενος καὶ διαλεχθείς. Τοιαῦτα τὰ σπλάγχνα τὰ πατρικὰ, κἂν εἴπωσιν ἀφίστασθαι, οὐκ ἀφίστανται, ἕως ἂν ἴδωσι σωφρο 49.160 νισθέντας αὐτῶν τοὺς παῖδας. Ἠκούσατε τοῦ προφήτου σήμερον περὶ τῶν ὅρκων ἡμῖν διαλεγομένου; Ἐπέβλεψα τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς μου, καὶ εἶδον, φησὶ, καὶ ἰδοὺ δρέπανον πετόμενον μήκους πηχῶν εἴκοσι, καὶ πλάτους πηχῶν δέκα, καὶ εἶπε πρός με· Τί σὺ βλέπεις; Καὶ εἶπον· Ὁρῶ δρέπανον πετόμενον μήκους πηχῶν εἴκοσι, καὶ πλάτους δέκα πηχῶν· καὶ εἰσελεύσεται εἰς τὸν οἶκον, φησὶ, τοῦ ὀμνύοντος τῷ ὀνόματί μου, καὶ καταλύσει ἐν τῷ μέσῳ, καὶ κατασκάψει τοὺς λίθους καὶ τὰ ξύλα. Τί ποτέ ἐστι τὸ εἰρημένον, καὶ τίνος ἕνεκεν ἐν τάξει δρεπάνης ἡ τοῖς ὀμνύουσιν ἑπομένη τιμωρία φαίνεται, καὶ δρεπάνης πετομένης; Ἵνα τὸ ἄφυκτον τῆς δίκης καὶ τὸ ἀδιεξόδευτον τῆς κολάσεως ἴδῃς. Ξίφος μὲν γὰρ πετόμενον ἴσως τις διαδρᾶναι δυνήσεται, δρεπάνην δὲ εἰς τὸν τράχηλον ἐμπεσοῦσαν καὶ ἀντὶ σχοινίου γενομένην, οὐδεὶς ἂν διαφύγοι· ὅταν δὲ καὶ πτερὰ προσῇ, ποία λοιπὸν σωτηρίας ἐλπίς; Τίνος δὲ ἕνεκεν τοὺς λίθους καὶ τὰ ξύλα καταλύει τοῦ ὀμνύοντος; Ἵνα τοῖς ἄλλοις σωφρονισμὸς τὸ πάθος γένηται. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ τὸν ὀμνύοντα ἀποθανόντα ἀνάγκη τῇ γῇ κρύπτεσθαι, ἡ οἰκία καταλυθεῖσα καὶ χῶμα γενομένη τοῖς παριοῦσιν ἅπασι καὶ βλέπουσι παραινέσεται διὰ τῆς ὄψεως, μὴ τὰ αὐτὰ τολμᾷν, ἵνα μὴ τὰ αὐτὰ πάθωσι, καὶ κατήγορος ἔσται τῆς τοῦ τετελευτηκότος ἁμαρτίας διηνεκής. Οὐχ οὕτω κεντεῖ ξίφος, ὡς ὅρκου φύσις· οὐχ οὕτως ἀναιρεῖ μάχαιρα, ὡς ὅρκου πληγή. Ὁ ὀμόσας, κἂν δοκῇ ζῇν, ἤδη τετελεύτηκε, καὶ τὴν πληγὴν ἐδέξατο· καὶ καθάπερ ὁ τὸ σπαρτίον λαβὼν, καὶ πρὶν ἢ τὴν πόλιν ἐξελθεῖν, καὶ ἐπὶ τὸ βάραθρον ἐλθεῖν, καὶ δήμιον ἰδεῖν ἐφιστάμενον, τέθνηκεν ἅμα