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their passionate desires, wishing to recommend themselves, that even without the (315) strict observance of Christ's commandments they are going to be saved, denying completely the power of the holy Scriptures.

And rightly so; for the things sealed and closed, both unseen and unknown to all men, but being opened by the Holy Spirit alone and thus revealed, becoming visible and known to us, how then will they ever be able to see or know or even in some way conceive, those who say they have never known the presence of the Holy Spirit, the illumination, the enlightenment, its indwelling in them? How can they come to a comprehension of such mysteries, who have never at all perceived taking place in themselves the re-casting by Him, the renewal, the alteration, the re-fashioning, the regeneration? And how can those not yet baptized in the Holy Spirit know the alteration of those baptized in it? How can those who have not been born from above see the glory of those born from there—as the Lord said—of those born of God and who have become children of God? Those who were unwilling to experience this, but through carelessness lost it besides—for they had received authority to become such—with what knowledge will they be able, tell me, to comprehend or even in any way be strong enough to conceive what sort of men those have become?

God is Spirit, invisible, immortal, unapproachable, incomprehensible, and He makes those born of Him to be such, like the Father who begot them, being perceptible and visible in body alone, but in other respects (316) known by God alone and knowing God alone, or rather, wishing to be known by God alone, toward whom they always long to look and by whom they yearn to be seen. Otherwise, just as the illiterate are not able to read books equally with the experienced, so also those who have not been willing to go through the commandments of Christ in practice, equally with those who have kept vigil over them and fulfilled them and for their sake have poured out their own blood, will never be able, like them, to be counted worthy of the revelation of the Holy Spirit. For just as a person who has received a sealed and closed book cannot see what is written in it or understand what it is like as long as the book is sealed, even if he has learned all the wisdom of the world, so also one who has all the divine Scriptures on his lips, as we have said, will never be able to know and behold the mystical and divine glory and power hidden in them, unless he goes through all the commandments of God and receives the Paraclete with himself, who opens the words for him like the book and shows the glory in them mystically, and not only that, but also revealing the hidden goods of God in them, along with the eternal life that gushes forth these things, which for all the contemptuous and more careless are covered and completely invisible. And rightly so; for since they have nailed all their senses to the vanity of the world and suffer passion for the pleasures of life and the beauties of bodies, carrying about the darkened eye of the soul, they are unable to see and look up to the intelligible beauties of the ineffable (317) goods of God.

And just as one who is weak in the eyes of the body is not able in the least to look at a sunbeam shining more clearly, but if he even gazes at it, he immediately loses completely even the light he possesses, so too one who has the eyes of the soul weak and its senses passionate, is not able to comprehend the beauty or comeliness of a body dispassionately and without harm, but also the very peace of thoughts and tranquility from evil desire that he had before this, he also destroys it by lingering in the meditation of passion. Therefore such a person is not able at all to perceive his own weakness. For if he has made himself weak, he has believed

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ἐμπαθεῖς ἐπιθυμίας αὐτῶν, συνιστάνειν θέλοντες ἑαυτούς, ὅτι δή καί δίχα τῆς (315) ἀκριβοῦς τῶν ἐντολῶν τοῦ Χριστοῦ φυλακῆς σωθῆναι μέλλουσιν, ἀπαρνούμενοι τήν δύναμιν ὅλως τῶν ἁγίων Γραφῶν.

Καί εἰκότως· τά γάρ ἐσφραγισμένα καί κεκλεισμένα, τά πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις ἀθέατά τε καί ἄγνωστα, διανοιγόμενα δέ ὑπό μόνου τοῦ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος καί οὕτως ἀποκαλυπτόμενα θεατά γινόμενα ἡμῖν καί γνωστά, πῶς ἄρα εἰδέναι ἤ γνῶναι ἤ κἄν ποσῶς ἐννοῆσαί ποτε ἐξισχύσουσιν, οἱ τήν παρουσίαν τοῦ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος, τήν ἔλλαμψιν, τόν φωτισμόν, τήν ἐνοίκησιν τής εἰς αὐτούς, μηδέποτε γνῶναι λέγοντες; Πῶς ἐν καταλήψει γένωνται τῶν τοιούτων μυστηρίων, οἱ μηδόλως ποτέ ἐν ἑαυτοῖς ἐπεγνωκότες γενομένην τήν ὑπ᾿ αὐτοῦ ἀναχώνευσιν, τήν ἀνακαίνισιν, τήν ἀλλοίωσιν, τήν ἀνάπλασιν, τήν ἀναγέννησιν; Οἱ δέ μήπω βαπτισθέντες ἐν Πνεύματι ἁγίῳ, τήν ἀλλοίωσιν τῶν βαπτισθέντων ἐν τούτῳ πῶς εἰδέναι δύνανται; Οἱ μή γεννηθέντες ἄνωθεν, τῶν γεννηθέντων ἐκεῖθεν - καθώς εἶπεν ὁ Κύριος - τήν δόξαν πῶς ἴδωσι, τῶν ἐκ Θεοῦ γεννηθέντων καί τέκνων γενομένων Θεοῦ; Οἱ μή τοῦτο παθεῖν ἐθελήσαντες, ἀλλά δι᾿ ἀμελείας ταύτην προσαπολέσαντες - καί γάρ ἔλαβον ἐξουσίαν τοῦ γενέσθαι τοιοῦτοι , ποίᾳ γνώσει δυνηθῶσιν, εἰπέ μοι, κατανοῆσαι ἤ κἄν ὁπωσοῦν ἐννοῆσαι ἰσχύσωσιν, οἷοι ἐκεῖνοι ἐχρημάτισαν;

Πνεῦμά ἐστιν ὁ Θεός ἀόρατον, ἀθάνατον, ἀπρόσιτον, ἀκατάληπτον, καί τοιούτους ποιεῖ τούς ἐξ αὐτοῦ γεννωμένους, ὁμοίους τῷ γεγενηκότι Πατρί, σώματι μόνῳ ληπτούς ὄντας καί ὁρατούς, τά δ᾿ ἄλλα (316) μόνῳ Θεῷ γινωσκομένους καί Θεόν μόνον γινώσκοντας, μᾶλλον δέ μόνῳ Θεῷ βουλομένους γινώσκεσθαι, πρός ὅν καί βλέπειν ἀεί ἐφίενται καί ὑπ᾿ αὐτοῦ γλίχονται ὁρᾶσθαι. Ἄλλως δέ, καθάπερ οἱ ἄπειροι τῶν γραμμάτων ἴσον τοῖς ἐμπείροις τάς βίβλους ἀναγινώσκειν οὐ δύναται, οὕτως οὐδέ οἰ μή διά πράξεως τάς τοῦ Χριστοῦ ἐντολάς διελθεῖν ἐθελήσαντες, ἴσον τῶν εἰς αὐτάς ἐπαγρυπνησάντων καί πεπληρωκότων αὐτάς καί ὑπέρ αὐτῶν τό αἷμα κεκενωκότων τό ἴδιον, ἰσχύσουσιν, ὡς ἐκεῖνοι, τῆς τοῦ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος ἀποκαλύψεως ἀξιωθῆναί ποτε. Ὥσπερ γάρ ὁ βιβλίον ἐσφραγισμένον καί κεκλεισμένον λαβών ἄνθρωπος οὐ δύναται τά ἐν αὐτῷ γεγραμμένα ἰδεῖν ἤ ὁποῖά εἰσιν ἐννοῆσαι ἕως ἐσφραγισμένον ἐστί τό βιβλίον, κἄν πᾶσαν τήν σοφίαν τοῦ κόσμου μεμάθηκεν, οὕτως οὐδέ ὁ πάσας τάς θείας Γραφάς, ὡς εἴπομεν, ἐπί στόματος ἔχων δυνήσεταί ποτε τήν ἐν αὐταῖς ἐγκεκρυμμένην μυστικήν καί θείαν δόξαν ὁμοῦ καί δύναμιν γνῶναι καί κατιδεῖν, εἰ μή πάσας διέλθῃ τάς ἐντολάς τοῦ Θεοῦ καί τόν Παράκλητον λάβῃ μεθ᾿ ἑαυτοῦ, διανοίγοντα τούς λόγους αὐτῷ ὡς τό βιβλίον καί τήν ἐν αὐτοῖς ἐπιδεικνύοντα δόξαν μυστικῶς, οὐ μήν ἀλλά καί τά ἐν τούτοις ἀποκεκρυμμένα τοῦ Θεοῦ ἀγαθά σύν αὐτῇ τῇ ταῦτα βλυζούσῃ αἰωνίᾳ ζωῇ ἀποκαλύπτοντα, ἅ πᾶσι τοῖς καταφρονηταῖς καί ἀμελεστέροις κεκαλυμμένα ὑπάρχει καί ἀφανῆ τό καθόλου. Καί εἰκότως· ἐπειδή γάρ τάς αἰσθήσεις αὐτῶν πάσας εἰς τήν τοῦ κόσμου ματαιότητα προσήλωσαν καί τοῖς τερπνοῖς τοῦ βίου καί ταῖς ὡραιότησι τῶν σωμάτων προσπάσχουσι, σκοτεινόν τό τῆς ψυχῆς ὀπτικόν περιφέροντες, πρός τά νοητά κάλλη τῶν ἀπορρήτων (317) τοῦ Θεοῦ ἀγαθῶν ἰδεῖν καί ἀναβλέψαι οὐ δύνανται.

Καί καθάπερ ὁ ἀσθενῶν τάς ὄψεις τοῦ σώματος οὐ δύναται κἄν ποσῶς εἰς ἡλιακήν ἀκτῖνα τρανότερον λάμπουσαν ἀποβλέψαι, ἀλλ᾿ εἰ καί πρός αὐτήν ἀτενίσει, τέλεον εὐθύς καί ὅπερ κέκτηται φῶς προσαπόλλυσιν, οὕτω δή καί ὁ τά τῆς ψυχῆς ὄμματα ἀσθενῆ καί τάς αἰσθήσεις αὐτάς ἐμπαθεῖς ἔχων, ἀπαθῶς καί βλάβης ἐκτός κάλλος ἤ ὡραιότητα σώματος καί κατανοῆσαι οὐ δύναται, ἀλλά καί ἥνπερ πρό τούτου εἰρήνην εἶχε τῶν λογισμῶν καί γαλήνην τῆς πονηρᾶς ἐπιθυμίας, καί αὐτήν χρονίζων ἐν τῇ μελέτῃ τοῦ πάθους ἀπόλλυσι. Τοιγαροῦν οὐδέ τήν ἑαυτοῦ ἀσθένειαν ὁ τοιοῦτος καταμαθεῖν ὅλως δύναται. Εἰ γάρ ἀσθενεῖν ἑαυτόν πεποίηκεν, ἐπίστευσεν