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of unbelief and of their own wickedness to proceed, as David says: "I sent them away according to the desires of their hearts; they will walk in their own desires". For those who have so many examples of the fulfillment of God's commandments, which our fathers, having accomplished them through their works, set before us the faithful for the imitation of virtue, and yet did not want to understand nor wish to imitate them, but on the contrary both revile them and slander the lives of those who strove according to God as not being according to God, how are they not only unworthy of divine knowledge, as sons of disobedience and perdition, but also liable to all punishment and condemnation, because, as if forgetting to examine themselves to see if they are in the faith, they judge what belongs to others (277) and foolishly investigate and examine things beyond them, in no way reverencing God who says thus: "Judge not, that you be not judged" and "With what judgment you judge, you will be judged"; nor his disciple who says: But indeed, O man, "who are you to judge another's servant? To his own master he stands or falls" and "Do not judge one another and do not speak evil of one another".

How then will such people be known as faithful and Christians, when they disregard the words of Christ and His apostles, and do not keep what He and His disciples have legislated, nor follow and walk in the footsteps of the teacher? How will those who openly transgress the divine commandments see the light of the commandments at all? In no way. "Let no one," he says, "deceive you with empty words, O brethren". But Paul calls us brethren because of the spiritual rebirth and kinship from divine baptism, since in our works we have become, as I see, very much estranged from the brotherhood of the saints. And I will try to demonstrate this from the facts themselves, or rather our own works and words will convict us; wherefore also, addressing my discourse as to one person, I will speak from this point.

Have you renounced the world and the things in the world, O brother? Have you become possessionless and obedient and a stranger to your own will? And have you acquired meekness and become humble? Have you accomplished fasting to the utmost, and prayer and vigil? Have you acquired a complete love for God and do you possess your neighbor as yourself? Do you plead with tears for those who hate and wrong you and are hostile towards you, and, having first had compassion yourself, do you ask from your soul that they be forgiven, or have you not yet been raised to this height (278) of the virtues? Tell me. But if you are ashamed to say no, or again out of humility you do not wish to say yes, I will add what is fitting for you, O brother, and I will show from it by what works and achievements everyone who struggles in truth comes to this height with much real understanding and holiness. If then, as has been said, you have reached all the aforementioned things and have loved your enemies and have often wept for them from your heart with tears, asking for their conversion and repentance, you have clearly achieved all the rest beforehand; for instance, you have become dispassionate from your struggles, you have acquired a heart pure from passions, and in it and through it you have beheld the dispassionate God. For it is not otherwise possible to pray for enemies with a compassionate heart out of love, unless through connection and communion and contemplation of God, through the cooperation of the good Spirit, we acquire for ourselves purity from every defilement of flesh and spirit.

If, therefore, by the grace of God who saved you, you have reached this point with much goodness and humility, brother, why do you distrust and envy your fellow ascetics and those gathered for these things, and slander them with revilings, trying to destroy their good reputation? Do you not know that those from the first hour, envying those who came around the eleventh hour because they received the same as them,

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ἀπιστίας καί τῆς ἰδίας κακίας πορεύεσθαι, καθώς φησιν ὁ ∆αυίδ· "Ἐξαπέστειλα αὐτούς κατά τά ἐπιτηδεύματα τῶν καρδιῶν αὐτῶν· πορεύσονται ἐν τοῖς ἐπιτηδεύμασιν αὐτῶν". Οἱ γάρ τοσαῦτα ὑποδείγματα ἔχοντες τῆς τῶν ἐντολῶν τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐκπληρώσεως, ἅ δι᾿ ἔργων οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν τετελεκότες προὔθησαν τοῖς πιστοῖς ἡμῖν εἰς ἐκμίμησιν ἀρετῆς, καί συνιέναι μή θελήσαντες μηδέ ἐκείνους βουληθέντες μιμήσασθαι, ἀλλά τοὐναντίον καί διαλοιδοροῦντες αὐτούς καί τούς βίους τῶν κατά Θεόν ἀγωνισαμένων ὡς οὐ κατά Θεόν ὄντας ἐνδιαβάλλοντες, πῶς οὐχί μόνον ἀνάξιοί εἰσι θείας γνώσεως, ὡς ἀπειθείας καί ἀπωλείας υἱοί, ἀλλά καί πάσης ὑπεύθυνοι τιμωρίας καί κατακρίσεως, ὅτι ἑαυτούς ἀνακρίνειν, εἰ ἄρα καί εἰσιν ἐν τῇ πίστει, ὡσπερ ἐπιλαθόμενοι, τά ἀλλότρια κρίνουσι (277) καί τά ὑπέρ αὐτούς ἀσυνέτως ἐρευνῶσι καί ἐξετάζουσι, μηδαμῶς τόν οὕτω λέγοντα Θεόν δυσωπούμενοι· "Μή κρίνετε καί οὐ μή κριθῆτε" καί "Ἐν ᾧ κρίματι κρίνετε κριθήσεσθε"· μηδέ τόν ἐκείνου λέγοντα μαθητήν· Μενοῦνγε, ὦ ἄνθρωπε, "σύ τίς εἶ ὁ κρίνων ἀλλότριον οἰκέτην; Τῷ ἰδίῳ κυρίῳ στήκει ἤ πίπτει" καί "Μή κρίνετε ἀλλήλους καί μή καταλαλεῖτε ἀλλήλων".

Οἱ γοῦν τοιοῦτοι πῶς ἄρα πιστοί καί χριστιανοί εἶναι γνωρισθήσονται, τά τοῦ Χριστοῦ καί τῶν ἀποστόλων αὐτοῦ παρακρουόμενοι ῥήματα καί καθώς ἐκεῖνος καί οἱ τούτου νενομοθετήκασι μαθηταί μή φυλάσσοντες μηδέ τοῖς ἴχνεσι τοῦ διδασκάλου ἑπόμενοι καί βαδίζοντες; Πῶς τό τῶν ἐντολῶν φῶς ὅλως θεάσονται οἱ φανερῶς τάς θείας ἐντολάς παραβαίνοντες; Οὐδαμῶς. "Μηδείς ὑμᾶς, φησίν, ἀπατάτω κενοῖς λόγοις, ὦ ἀδελφοί". Ἀδελφούς δέ ἡμᾶς ὁ Παῦλος καλεῖ διά τήν ἐκ τοῦ θείου βαπτίσματος πνευματικήν ἀναγέννησιν καί συγγένειαν, ἐπεί τοῖς ἔργοις καί σφόδρα ἀλλότριοι, ὡς ὁρῶ, τῆς τῶν ἁγίων ἀδελφότητος καθεστήκαμεν. Καί τοῦτο ἐξ αὐτῶν τῶν πραγμάτων παραστῆσαι πειράσομαι, μᾶλλον δέ αὐτά ἡμῶν τά ἔργα καί οἱ λόγοι ἡμᾶς ἀπελέγξουσιν· διό καί ὡς πρός ἕνα τόν λόγον ποιούμενος, ἔνθεν ἐρῶ.

Ἀπετάξω τῷ κόσμῳ καί τοῖς ἐν κόσμῳ, ὦ ἀδελφέ; Γέγονας ἀκτήμων καί ὑποτακτικός καί τοῦ οἰκείου θελήματος ξένος; Καί πρᾳότητα ἐκτήσω καί ταπεινός γέγονας; Νηστείας εἰς ἄκρον καί εὐχήν καί ἀγρυπνίαν κατώρθωσας; Ἀγάπην ἐκτήσω πρός τόν Θεόν ὁλικήν καί ὡς ἑαυτόν τόν πλησίον σου κέκτησαι; Ὑπέρ τῶν μισούντων καί ἀδικούντων σε καί ἐχθρωδῶς ἐχόντων κατά σοῦ μετά δακρύων παρακαλεῖς καί ἀφεθῆναι αὐτοῖς ἀπό ψυχῆς πρῶτον αὐτός συμπαθήσας ἀξιοῖς, ἤ οὔπω εἰς τό ὕψος (278) τοῦτο ἀνηνέχθης τῶν ἀρετῶν; Εἰπέ. Εἰ δέ εἰπεῖν αἰσχύνῃ τό οὔ, ἤ πάλιν διά ταπεινοφροσύνην οὐ βούλει τό ναί προσειπεῖν, ἐγώ σοι προσθήσω τά εἰκότα, ὦ ἀδελφέ, καί δείξω ἐξ αὐτῆς ἐκ ποίων ἔργων καί κατορθωμάτων εἰς τοῦτο τό ὕψος πᾶς ὁ ἀγωνιζόμενος ἐν ἀληθείᾳ μετά πολλῆς τῷ ὄντι συνέσεως καί ἁγιότητος ἔρχεται. Εἰ μέν οὖν, ὡς εἴρηται, πέφθακας εἰς τά προειρημένα πάντα καί τούς ἐχθρούς σου ἠγάπησας καί μετά δακρύων ὑπέρ αὐτῶν πολλάκις ἀπό καρδίας ἐδάκρυσας, τήν ἐκείνων πάντως ἐπιστροφήν καί μετάνοιαν ἐξαιτούμενος, πάντα δηλονότι τά λοιπά προκατώρθωσας· οἷον γέγονας ἀπαθής ἐξ ἀγώνων, καθαράν ἐκτήσω τήν καρδίαν ἀπό παθῶν καί ἐν αὐτῇ καί δι᾿ αὐτῆς ἐθεάσω τόν ἀπαθῆ Θεόν. Ἄλλως γάρ οὐκ ἔνι μετά συμπαθοῦς καρδίας ἐξ ἀγάπης ὑπέρ τῶν ἐχθρῶν εὔξασθαι, εἰ μή συναφείᾳ καί συνουσίᾳ καί θεωρίᾳ Θεοῦ διά συνεργείας τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ Πνεύματος κτησαίμεθα ἑαυτούς καθαρούς ἀπό παντός μολυσμοῦ σαρκός καί πνεύματος.

Εἰ οὖν εἰς τοῦτο χάριτι τοῦ σώσαντός σε Θεοῦ μετά χρηστότητος καί ταπεινοφροσύνης πολλῆς ἔφθασας, ἀδελφέ, τί τοῖς συνασκηταῖς καί τοῖς συναχθεῖσιν εἰς ταῦτα διαπιστεῖς καί φθονεῖς καί λοιδορίαις ἐνδιαβάλλεις αὐτούς, τήν χρηστήν αὐτῶν ὑπόληψιν πειρώμενος καθελεῖν; Οὐκ οἶσθα ὅτι οἱ ἀπό πρώτης ὥρας, τοῖς φθάσασι περί τήν ἑνδεκάτην διά τό ἐξ ἴσης ἐκείνοις λαβεῖν φθονήσαντες,