120

and the universal is invisible. And reasonably so; for since they have nailed all their senses to the vanity of the world and are attached to the pleasures of life and the beauties of bodies, carrying about the eye of the soul darkened, they are not able to see and look up to the intelligible beauties of the ineffable (317) good things of God.

And just as one who is weak in the eyes of his body is not able even slightly to look at a sunbeam shining too brightly, but if he even gazes at it, he immediately completely loses even the light which he possesses, so also he who has the eyes of the soul weak and his very senses impassioned, cannot dispassionately and without harm even perceive the beauty or comeliness of a body, but lingering in the meditation of the passion, he also loses that very peace of his thoughts and the calm from wicked desire which he had before this. Therefore, such a one cannot at all comprehend his own weakness. For if he had acknowledged himself to be weak, he would have believed that there are some others who are healthy, and perhaps he would have blamed himself at some time as having been his own cause and would have taken thought for the means of deliverance from it. But now, such a one, considering all to be impassioned, equates himself with them and says it is impossible for him to become superior to all. Why is this? So that the wretched man might die with his passion, not wanting to be delivered from such an evil. For if he had wished, he would have been able, since he had received the power from God. For all of us who have been baptized into His name, we have received from Him the authority to put off the former ignobility of corruption like an old garment and to be called sons of God and to put on Christ.

But may it not be, brothers, that we should be likened to those who are in such a state and think such things, who are barren and earthy. But may it be that we follow Christ, who died for us and was raised (318) and raised us up to heaven, and that we always follow in His footsteps, being cleansed through repentance from the stain of sin and putting on the luminous tunic of the incorruption of the Spirit in Christ Himself our God, to whom is due all glory, honor, and worship unto the ages of ages. Amen.

Concerning the alteration of soul and body, and of those things that come upon us from the air, from the elements, from foods, and from demons.

Discourse 25. (319)

Brothers and fathers, a monk ought not only the changes that occur in the soul

to know and understand the alterations and changes, but also their causes, of whatever kind they may be and from where they happen to arise in him. For sometimes a sudden joy comes to the soul, and sometimes a grief likewise comes upon it and a strong heaviness. And sometimes it becomes full of compunction, and sometimes the same one becomes hardened and is calloused like a stone. At other times again it becomes meek and humble and after a little while it is arrogant and wrathful and raging against all the brothers. And sometimes it becomes sluggish and slothful and unwilling for any good work, but at other times it is roused and watchful and eager for every obedience, so as even to jest with his companions and to stir them up to what is good. And sometimes it is withdrawn and reverent, and at other times dissipated and shameless. And sometimes it remembers lovingly those who are absent and calls for them

120

καί ἀφανῆ τό καθόλου. Καί εἰκότως· ἐπειδή γάρ τάς αἰσθήσεις αὐτῶν πάσας εἰς τήν τοῦ κόσμου ματαιότητα προσήλωσαν καί τοῖς τερπνοῖς τοῦ βίου καί ταῖς ὡραιότησι τῶν σωμάτων προσπάσχουσι, σκοτεινόν τό τῆς ψυχῆς ὀπτικόν περιφέροντες, πρός τά νοητά κάλλη τῶν ἀπορρήτων (317) τοῦ Θεοῦ ἀγαθῶν ἰδεῖν καί ἀναβλέψαι οὐ δύνανται.

Καί καθάπερ ὁ ἀσθενῶν τάς ὄψεις τοῦ σώματος οὐ δύναται κἄν ποσῶς εἰς ἡλιακήν ἀκτῖνα τρανότερον λάμπουσαν ἀποβλέψαι, ἀλλ᾿ εἰ καί πρός αὐτήν ἀτενίσει, τέλεον εὐθύς καί ὅπερ κέκτηται φῶς προσαπόλλυσιν, οὕτω δή καί ὁ τά τῆς ψυχῆς ὄμματα ἀσθενῆ καί τάς αἰσθήσεις αὐτάς ἐμπαθεῖς ἔχων, ἀπαθῶς καί βλάβης ἐκτός κάλλος ἤ ὡραιότητα σώματος καί κατανοῆσαι οὐ δύναται, ἀλλά καί ἥνπερ πρό τούτου εἰρήνην εἶχε τῶν λογισμῶν καί γαλήνην τῆς πονηρᾶς ἐπιθυμίας, καί αὐτήν χρονίζων ἐν τῇ μελέτῃ τοῦ πάθους ἀπόλλυσι. Τοιγαροῦν οὐδέ τήν ἑαυτοῦ ἀσθένειαν ὁ τοιοῦτος καταμαθεῖν ὅλως δύναται. Εἰ γάρ ἀσθενεῖν ἑαυτόν πεποίηκεν, ἐπίστευσεν ἄν ὅτι εἰσί τινες ὑγιαίνοντες ἕτεροι, καί ἴσως ἐμέμψατο ἑαυτόν ποτε ὡς αἴτιον αὐτόν ἑαυτῷ χρηματίσαντα καί τά πρός ἀπαλλαγήν ταύτης ἐφρόντισε. Νυνί δέ τούς πάντας ἔχων ἐμπαθεῖς ὁ τοιοῦτος, αὐτοῖς ἑαυτόν ἐξισοῖ καί ἀδύνατον λέγει εἶναι τό ὑπέρ τούς πάντας γενέσθαι αὐτόν. Τί τοῦτο; Ἵνα συναποθάνῃ τῷ πάθει, μή θέλων τοῦ τοιούτου κακοῦ ἀπαλλαγῆναι ὁ ἄθλιος. Εἰ γάρ ἠβουλήθη, ἴσχυσεν ἄν, ὡς ἐκ Θεοῦ τό δύνασθαι εἰληφώς. Ὅσοι γάρ εἰς τό ὄνομα αὐτοῦ ἐβαπτίσθημεν, ἐξουσίαν ἐλάβομεν παρ᾿ αὐτοῦ τήν πρῴην δυσγένειαν τῆς φθορᾶς ὡς ἱμάτιον παλαιόν ἀποδύσασθαι καί υἱοί Θεοῦ χρηματίσαι καί τόν Χριστόν ἐπενδύσασθαι.

Ἀλλά μή γένοιτο ἡμᾶς, ἀδελφοί, ἐξομοιωθῆναι τοῖς οὕτω ἔχουσι καί τοιαῦτα φρονοῦσι, κεχερσωμένοις οὖσι καί χοϊκοῖς. Γένοιτο δέ ἐξακολουθῆσαι Χριστῷ, τῷ ὑπέρ ἡμῶν ἀποθανόντι καί ἐγερθέντι (318) καί εἰς οὐρανούς ἡμᾶς ἀνυψώσαντι, καί αὐτοῦ τοῖς ἴχνεσιν ἀεί ἕπεσθαι, καθαιρομένους διά τῆς μετανοίας τοῦ σπίλου τῆς ἁμαρτίας καί ἐπενδυομένους τόν φωτεινόν χιτῶνα τῆς ἀφθαρσίας τοῦ Πνεύματος ἐν αὐτῷ Χριστῷ τῷ Θεῷ ἡμῶν, ᾧ πρέπει πᾶσα δόξα, τιμή καί προσκύνησις εἰς τούς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.

Περί ἀλλοιώσεως ψυχῆς τε καί σώματος, τῶν ἐξ ἀέρος, τῶν ἐκ στοιχείων, τῶν ἐκ βρωμάτων καί τῶν δαιμόνων ἐπιγινομένων ἡμῖν.

Λόγος ΚΕ΄. (319) Ἀδελφοί καί πατέρες, ὀφείλει ὁ μοναχός μή μόνον τάς ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ γινομένας

ἀλλοιώσεις καί μεταβολάς ἐπίστασθαι καί νοεῖν, ἀλλά καί τάς αἰτίας αὐτῶν, ὁποῖαί ποτ᾿ ἄν ὦσι καί πόθεν ἐν αὐτῷ συμβαίνουσι γίνεσθαι. Ποτέ μέν γάρ αἰφνίδιος γίνεται χαρά τῇ ψυχῇ, ποτέ δέ λύπη ταύτῃ ὡσαύτως ἐπέρχεται καί βάρος σφοδρόν. Καί ποτέ μέν εὐκατάνυκτος γίνεται, ποτέ δέ σκληραίνεται ἡ αὐτή καί ὡς λίθος πεπώρωται. Ἄλλοτε πάλιν πραεῖα καί ταπεινή γίνεται καί μετά μικρόν μετέωρος καί θυμώδης καί λυσσῶσα πρός πάντας τούς ἀδελφούς. Καί ποτέ μέν χαύνη καί ῥᾴθυμος καί ἀπρόθυμος εἰς πᾶν ἔργον ἀγαθόν γίνεται, ποτέ δέ διεγηγερμένη καί γρηγοροῦσα καί πρόθυμος εἰς πᾶσαν ὑπακοήν, ὡς καί τούς συνόντας σκώπτειν καί διεγείρειν πρός τό καλόν. Καί ποτέ μέν συνεσταλμένη ὑπάρχει καί εὐλαβής, ποτέ δέ διακεχυμένη καί ἀναιδής. Καί ποτέ μέν τῶν ἀπόντων ἀγαπητικῶς μεμνημένη καί προσκαλουμένη