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is unchangeable in its nature and essence, and likewise the mind has been created together with it by the Creator, that is, led only by choice and by its own will, laying hold of virtue or vice, that is, they become eternal partakers and heirs of light or of darkness, the soul, I say, and the mind, cleaving voluntarily to one of these by choice, as has been said, and by will, either become good by cleaving to the good, or are called evil by cleaving to the evil. But the body is both changeable by nature, because it is composite, and fluid in its essence, because it is created from corruptible and fluid matter, having its mixture, or rather its constitution, from things contrary to each other. For from hot and cold, as the wise in these matters say and as is the truth, from dry and wet is its essence. But in itself it is deprived of both choice and will, and if one must say so, even of motion, unless perhaps one should call its flux and its progress toward corruption a natural motion of its hypostasis, which is irrational; and if this is irrational, it is clear that it is also sinless and uncondemned by God. And rightly so; for what follows nature, this is also outside of condemnation. But burning desire and the lust for marriage, sexual union, pleasure, gluttony, greediness, excessive sleep, laziness, adornment of clothes and all the other things which, as many suppose, the body seeks, it is not the body, just as it is not when it is dead, but the soul seeks these things through it, taking pleasure, once it has been mixed with the clay (322) and, like a sow in the mire, wanting to wallow in these pleasures, as it were, craving the flesh mixed with it. Therefore, let no one suppose that he is impelled and compelled toward these things by his own body; this is not so. But how? Listen with understanding.

"God formed man, taking dust from the earth." Behold, I have shown you the body; show me then what passions are in it. But you have nothing at all to say. Then what? "And the Lord God breathed into his face, and man became a living soul," and he stood up from the earth and walked, the spirit within him clearly moving the body with mastery and authority. But burning desire or impulse or the irrational madness and appetite of the belly was nowhere yet, but his life was untroubled and his existence sorrowless. Let us see then whether, because there was no female or because there were no foods that stir desire, for this reason man was moved neither to the desire for intercourse nor to gluttony. What then does it say? "God made every beautiful tree to grow, and both Adam and Eve were naked in paradise and were not ashamed." Do you see that neither Eve's being female nor both of them being naked harmed the continence of either of them? But they were both naked and neither knew one another, nor were they ashamed, nor indeed were they led to intercourse by the nature of the body, but after the sin and the transgression and after they were outside of paradise and were stripped of God and had fallen from His divine glory, (323) then, as it is written, "Adam knew his wife and she conceived and gave birth."

Therefore, beloved, if you too love God genuinely and abide in His love, you will never be mastered by any passion, nor will you be overcome by the necessity of the body. For just as the body is able to be moved toward nothing without the soul, so also the soul united to God through love has no strength to be carried away toward the pleasures and appetites of the body, nor even toward any other desires for visible or even invisible things, together with passions. For the impulse of its heart, or rather to say, the whole inclination of its will, is bound by the sweet love of God. It, therefore, being bound to its Maker, as has been said,

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ἄτρεπτος τῇ φύσει καί τῇ οὐσίᾳ ἐστίν, ὡσαύτως δέ καί ὁ νοῦς ταύτῃ συνάμα παρά τοῦ Κτίστου γεγένηται, μόνῃ δηλαδή τῇ προαιρέσει ἀγόμενα καί τῷ ἰδίῳ θελήματι ἀρετῆς ἤ κακίας ἐπιλαμβανόμενα, τουτέστι φωτός ἤ σκότους συγκοινωνοί αἰωνίως καί κληρονόμοι καθίστανται, ἡ ψυχή, φημί, καί ὁ νοῦς ἑνί τούτων προαιρέσει, ὡς εἴρηται, καί θελήματι ἑκουσίως κολλώμενα, εἴτε τῷ ἀγαθῷ τά ἀγαθά γίνονται, εἴτε τῷ πονηρῷ καί πονηρά χρηματίζουσι. Τό δέ γε σῶμα καί τῇ φύσει τρεπτόν, ὅτι καί σύνθετον, καί τῇ οὐσίᾳ ῥευστόν, ὅτι ἐξ ὕλης φθαρτῆς ἔκτισται καί ῥευστῆς, τήν σύγκρασιν ἔχον ἤτοι τήν σύστασιν ἐκ τῶν ἐναντίων πρός ἑαυτά. Ἐκ θερμοῦ γάρ καί ψυχροῦ, ὡς φασίν οἱ περί ταῦτα σοφοί καί ἡ ἀλήθεια ἔχει, ἐκ ξηροῦ τε καί ὑγροῦ ἡ οὐσία τούτου ἐστί. Πλήν αὐτό καθ᾿ ἑαυτό ἐστέρηται καί προαιρέσεως καί θελήσεως, εἰ χρή δέ εἰπεῖν καί κινήσεως, εἰ μή τι πάντως τήν τούτου ῥεῦσιν καί τό χωροῦν εἰς φθοράν κίνησίν τις εἴπῃ τῆς αὐτοῦ ὑποστάσεως φυσικήν, ἥτις ἐστίν ἄλογος· εἰ δέ ἄλογος αὕτη, δῆλον ὅτι καί ἀναμάρτητος καί παρά Θεοῦ ἀκατάκριτος. Καί εἰκότως· ὅς γάρ τῇ φύσει παρέπεται, τοῦτο καί καταδίκης ἐκτός. Πύρωσιν δέ καί ἐπιθυμίαν γάμου, συνουσίας μίξιν, ἡδονήν, γαστριμαργίαν, λαιμαργίαν, πολυυπνίαν, ἀργίαν, στολισμόν ἱματίων καί τἆλλα πάντα ἅπερ, ὡς οἱ πολλοί νομίζουσι, τό σῶμα ἐπιζητεῖ, οὐ τό σῶμα, ὡς οὐδέ ὅτε νεκρόν, ἀλλ᾿ ἡ ψυχή διά τούτου ταῦτα ἐπιζητεῖ ἡδυνομένην, ἅπαξ τῷ πηλῷ (322) συγκραθεῖσα καί οἵα δή σῦς ἐν τῷ βορβόρῳ ταύτης ἐγκυλινδεῖσθαι θέλουσα τῶν ἡδονῶν πως, τῆς συγκραθείσης αὐτῇ γλιχομένη σαρκός. Μηδείς οὖν πρός ταῦτα ὑπό τοῦ ἰδίου σώματος συνωθεῖσθαι καί καταναγκάζεσθαι ὑπολάβοι· οὐκ ἔστι τοῦτο. Ἀλλά πῶς; ἄκουε συνετῶς.

"Ἔπλασεν ὁ Θεός τόν ἄνθρωπον, χοῦν λαβών ἀπό τῆς γῆς". Ἰδού ἐγώ ἔδειξά σοι τό σῶμα, δεῖξον οὖν μοι καί σύ ποῖα τά πάθη τά ἐν αὐτῷ· ἀλλ᾿ οὐδέν οὐκ ἔχεις ὅλως εἰπεῖν. Εἶτα τί; "Καί ἐνεφύσησεν εἰς τό πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ Κύριος ὁ Θεός, καί ἐγένετο ἄνθρωπος εἰς ψυχήν ζῶσαν" καί ἀνέστη ἀπό τῆς γῆς καί περιεπάτει, τοῦ ἐν αὐτῷ πνεύματος κινοῦντος δηλονότι τό σῶμα δεσποτικῶς τε καί ἐξουσιαστικῶς. Πύρωσις δέ ἤ κίνησις ἤ γαστρός ἄλογος μανία καί ὄρεξις οὐδαμοῦ ἔτι ἦν, ἀλλά ἦν αὐτῷ ζωή ἀστασίαστος καί ἄλυπος διαγωγή. Ἴδωμεν οὖν μήποτε, διά τό μή εἶναι θῆλυ ἤ διά τό μή εἶναι τά πρός ἐπιθυμίαν κινοῦντα βρώματα, τούτου γε ἕνεκα ὁ ἄνθρωπος οὔτε πρός συνουσίας ἐπιθυμίαν, οὔτε πρός γαστριμαργίαν κεκίνητο· τί οὖν φησίν; "Ἐξανέτειλε ὁ Θεός πᾶν δένδρον ὡραῖον καί ἦν ὅ τε Ἀδάμ καί ἡ Εὔα ἐν τῷ παραδείσῳ γυμνοί καί οὐκ ᾐσχύνοντο". Ὁρᾷς ὅτι οὔτε τό θήλειαν εἶναι τήν Εὔαν οὔτε τό γυμνούς ἀμφοτέρους τυγχάνειν πρός σωφροσύνην παρέβλαψέ τινα ἐξ αὐτῶν; Ἀλλά καί γυμνοί ἦσαν καί οὔτε ἀλλήλους ἐγίνωσκον, οὔτε ᾐσχύνοντο, οὔτε μήν ὑπό τῆς τοῦ σώματος φύσεως πρός μίξιν ἐνήγοντο, ἀλλά μετά τήν ἁμαρτίαν καί τήν παράβασιν καί μετά τό ἔξω γενέσθαι τοῦ παραδείσου καί τοῦ Θεοῦ γυμνωθῆναι καί τῆς αὐτοῦ θείας δόξης ἀποπεσεῖν, (323) τότε, ὡς γέγραπται, "ἔγνω Ἀδάμ τήν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ καί συλλαβοῦσα ἔτεκε".

Τοιγαροῦν, ἀγαπητέ, ἐάν τόν Θεόν ἀγαπήσῃς γνησίως καί σύ, καί ἐμμείνῃς ἐν τῇ ἀγάπῃ αὐτοῦ, οὐχ ὑπό τινος πάθους κυριευθήσῃ ποτέ, οὐδέ ὑπό τῆς ἀνάγκης καταδυναστευθήσῃ τοῦ σώματος. Καθάπερ γάρ πρός οὐδέν τό σῶμα κινεῖσθαι δύναται δίχα ψυχῆς, οὕτως οὐδέ ἡ τῷ Θεῷ δι᾿ ἀγάπης ἑνωθεῖσα ψυχή συναπάγεσθαι ἰσχύει πρός τάς τοῦ σώματος ἡδονάς καί ὀρέξεις, ἀλλ᾿ οὐδέ πρός ἄλλας ἐπιθυμίας τινάς τῶν ὁρωμένων ἤ καί ἀοράτων πραγμάτων ὁμοῦ καί παθῶν. ∆έδεται γάρ ὑπό τῆς γλυκείας ἀγάπης τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡ ὁρμή τῆς καρδίας αὐτῆς ἤ μᾶλλον εἰπεῖν πᾶσα ἡ ῥοπή τοῦ θελήματος αὐτῆς. Αὕτη οὖν συνδεθεῖσα τῷ ἑαυτῆς, ὥσπερ εἴρηται, Ποιητῇ,