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both of the body are severely tyrannized, sometimes being weighed down from without and feeling the weight and keeping their peaceful state intact, but sometimes being disturbed from within, so that the one suffering does not even hope to return to his former serene state. Thus, therefore, the soul and the mind are led astray by the body, and the mind again by the soul itself, and the soul in turn by the mind and the body. But it is not always both, the soul and the mind, (326) that are disturbed; rather, out of these, sometimes the soul alone suffers, with the mind asking it, “What,” it says, “is the matter with you?” and comforting it, while at other times the mind is blinded and veiled over, and the soul, being free, by the power of divine fire drives out the darkness and lifts the veil and makes the mind see clearly.

For this reason I have said, O fathers and brothers, that we must not only understand the turnings and changes and the alterations that happen to us, but also know from where these come and how and from what things, and what sort of winds of thoughts blow and from what sources the rivers of passions and temptations descend or come upon us, so that we may both securely brace the house of the soul and steer the rudder of the ship well and not handle it unskillfully or clumsily. Knowledge of these things is provided by a life performed with precision and an unerring rule. For the monk must set a boundary and a model in himself and know how he must pass each day, so that he may run well toward the work of virtue and not be hindered by inexperience in his course. For in this way he will make smooth for himself the road that is both rough and laborious, by being in a state of good habit and custom in this, and progressing toward God and placing ascents in his heart he will be well-pleasing, running up from the lesser to the greater and more perfect things, and he will come into knowledge of all the things that have been said and will be called a teacher of virtue for many others, illuminating through word and life those who meet him, since he himself has been enlightened from above, and revealing deep things (327) to those who seek with longing to learn the depths of the Spirit, in Christ Jesus our Lord, to whom be glory for ever and ever. Amen.

Concerning the beginning of a life most profitable and salvific, fitting for those who have just renounced the world and the things in the world and are turning toward the monastic life. And a most beneficial teaching for beginners.

Discourse 26. (328) Brothers and fathers, every man who has just renounced the world and all the things in the world, and has run away to this life and the stadium of the monks, if indeed he has renounced for the sake of God and chooses to learn this art of arts and does not wish his withdrawal from the world to be in vain, ought from the very beginning with all eagerness and most fervent intention to do the works of virtue zealously. And so that we might hand down in writing a certain preparatory instruction of the elements of the science of sciences, I mean of our ascetic practice, to those who have just come from the world to this, as it were, school, we set forth such things from the outset, as a model, for them and for those after them, just as we ourselves have received from our fathers.

It must be known, therefore, that he who has already put off the earthly man along with his mindset (329) and has put on the heavenly one through the monastic habit, ought at midnight

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σώματος τά ἀμφότερα τυραννοῦνται σφοδρῶς, ποτέ μέν ἔξωθεν βαρούμενα καί τό μέν βάρος ἐπαισθανόμενα καί τήν εἰρηνικήν κατάστασιν σῶαν ἔχοντα, ποτέ δέ ἔσωθεν ταραττόμενα, ὡς μηδέ ἐλπίζειν τόν πάσχοντα εἰς τήν προτέραν ἐπανελθεῖν γαληνιαίαν κατάστασιν. Οὕτω τοίνυν ἡ μέν ψυχή καί ὁ νοῦς ἀπό τοῦ σώματος, ὁ δέ νοῦς ἀπό τῆς ψυχῆς πάλιν αὐτῆς καί ἡ ψυχή αὖθις ἀπό τοῦ νοός καί τοῦ σώματος πλημμελεῖ. Οὐ τά δύο δέ πάντοτε, ἡ ψυχή καί ὁ νοῦς, (326) ἐκταράσσονται, ἀλλά καί ἐκ τούτων πάλιν ποτέ μέν ἡ ψυχή μόνη πάσχει, τοῦ νοός ἐρομένου αὐτήν· "Τί, φησίν, ἔχεις;" καί παραμυθουμένου αὐτήν, ποτέ δέ ὁ νοῦς ἐκτυφλοῦται καί συγκαλύπτεται καί ἡ ψυχή, ἐλευθέρα οὖσα, δυνάμει θείου πυρός ἐκδιώκει τόν ζόφον καί αἴρει τό κάλυμμα καί τόν νοῦν διαβλέπειν ποιεῖ.

∆ιά τοῦτο εἶπον, ὦ πατέρες καί ἀδελφοί, ὅτι οὐ χρή νοεῖν μόνον ἡμᾶς τάς τροπάς καί μεταβολάς καί τάς συμβαινούσας ἀλλοιώσεις ἡμῖν, ἀλλά καί εἰδέναι πόθεν αὗται καί πῶς καί ἀπό τίνων, ὁποῖοί τε πνεύουσιν ἄνεμοι λογισμῶν καί ἐκ τίνων οἱ ποταμοί κατέρχονται ἤ ἐπέρχονται τῶν παθῶν τε καί πειρασμῶν, ἵνα καί τήν οἰκίαν στηρίξωμεν ἀσφαλῶς τῆς ψυχῆς καί τό πηδάλιον εὐθύνωμεν τοῦ πλοίου καλῶς καί μή ἀτεχνῶς ἤ ἀφυῶς αὐτό μεταχειρισώμεθα. Τούτων δέ τήν γνῶσιν βίος παρέχει μετά ἀκριβείας καί κανόνος ἀπαραλείπτως ἐπιτελούμενος. Θεῖναι γάρ ὅρον ἐν ἑαυτῷ χρεών καί τύπον τόν μοναχόν καί εἰδέναι αὐτόν, πῶς ἑκάστην ἡμέραν διέρχεσθαι δεῖ, ὡς ἄν εὔδρομος πρός ἐργασίαν τῆς ἀρετῆς ᾗ καί μή ἐμποδίζηται τῇ ἀπειρίᾳ πρός τόν δρόμον αὐτῆς. Οὕτω γάρ καί ἑαυτῷ τήν ὁδόν ἐξομαλίσει τήν τραχεῖαν ὁμοῦ καί ἐπίπονον, ταύτης ἐν ἕξει τοῦ καλοῦ καί συνηθείᾳ δηλονότι γενόμενος καί Θεῷ προκόπτων καί ἀναβάσεις τιθέμενος ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ εὐαρεστήσει, ἐκ τῶν μικροτέρων ἐπί τά μείζω καί τελεώτερα ἀνατρέχων, καί τῶν εἰρημένων ἁπάντων ἐν γνώσει γενήσεται καί πολλῶν ἄλλων διδάσκαλος ἀρετῆς χρηματίσει, φωτίζων διά τοῦ λόγου καί τοῦ βίου τούς αὐτῷ ἐντυγχάνοντας, ἅτε δή ὡς φωτισθείς καί αὐτός ἄνωθεν, καί ἀνακαλύπτων βαθέα (327) τοῖς μετά πόθου ζητοῦσι τά βάθη μαθεῖν τά τοῦ Πνεύματος, ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ τῷ Κυρίῳ ἡμῶν, ᾧ ἡ δόξα εἰς τούς αἰῶνας. Ἀμήν.

Περί ἀρχῆς βίου λίαν ἐπωφελοῦς καί σωτηρίου, ἁρμοζούσης τοῖς ἄρτι τῷ κόσμῳ καί τοῖς ἐν κόσμῳ ἀποτασσομένοις καί πρός τόν μοναδικόν ἀποτρέχουσι βίον. Καί διδασκαλίας εἰς ἀρχαρίους λυσιτελεστάτη.

Λόγος Κστ΄. (328) Ἀδελφοί καί πατέρες, πᾶς ἄνθρωπος ὁ ἄρτι τῷ κόσμῳ καί τοῖς ἐν κόσμῳ πᾶσιν

ἀποταξάμενος, ἐπί δέ τόν βίον τοῦτον καί τό στάδιον τῶν μοναχῶν ἀποδραμών, εἴ γε διά Θεόν ἀπετάξατο καί τήν τέχνην τῶν τεχνῶν ταύτην μαθεῖν αἱρεῖται καί μή εἰς κενόν βούλεται γενέσθαι τήν ἀπό τοῦ κόσμου αὐτοῦ ἀναχώρησιν, ἐξ αὐτῆς ἀρχῆς μετά προθυμίας πάσης καί θερμοτάτης προθέσεως τά τῆς ἀρετῆς σπουδαίως ὀφείλει ποιεῖν. Καί ἵνα προπαίδειάν τινα τῶν στοιχείων τῆς ἐπιστήμης τῶν ἐπιστημῶν, λέγω δή τῆς ἡμετέρας ἀσκήσεως, τοῖς ἄρτι πρός ταύτην οἱονεί τήν σχολήν ἀπό τοῦ κόσμου παραγενομένοις ἔγγραφον παραδώσωμεν, τοιαῦτα ἐκ προοιμίων ὑποτιθέμεθα, ὡς ἐν τύπῳ, αὐτοῖς τε καί τοῖς μετ᾿ αὐτούς, καθώς καί αὐτοί ἀπό τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν παρελάβομεν.

Ἰστέον οὖν ὅτι ὁ ἤδη τόν χοϊκόν ἄνθρωπον μετά τοῦ φρονήματος (329) καί τόν ἐπουράνιον διά τοῦ μοναχικοῦ σχήματος ἐνδυσάμενος, μεσονύκτιον ὀφείλει