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of the former things. For He does not mention the earth here, as in the case of the meek; nor comfort and mercy, as in the case of those who mourn and the merciful; nor the kingdom of heaven; but what was more awesome than all these things, to become like God, as it is possible for men to become. For, "That you may become," He says, "like your Father who is in heaven." But observe for me how neither here nor in the preceding passages does He call Him His own Father; but there, God and a great king, when He was discoursing about oaths; and here, their Father. And He does this, reserving His words about these things for the proper time. Then, bringing forward the likeness, He says, "that He makes His sun to rise on the evil and on the good, and sends rain on the just and on the unjust." For He Himself not only does not hate, He says, but even does good to those who insult Him. And yet in no way is the deed equal, not only because of the excess of the benefaction, but also because of the superiority of dignity. For you are despised by a fellow servant, but He by a servant who has received countless benefits; and you bestow words by praying for him, but He bestows things very great and wonderful, kindling the sun, and giving the annual rains. But still, even so, I grant it to be equal, as far as it is possible for a man to be. Therefore do not hate him who does you evil, who is the procurer of such good things for you, and who leads you to so great an honor; do not curse him who reviles you; since you have undergone the labor, but you have been deprived of the fruit; and you will bear the loss, but you will lose the reward; which is the mark of extreme folly, to have endured the harder thing, but not to bear the lesser. And how is it possible for this to happen? he says. Having seen God become man, and descend so far, and suffer so many things for your sake, do you still ask and doubt how it is possible to forgive your fellow servants their injustices? Do you not hear Him saying on the cross: "Forgive 57.270 them; for they know not what they do"? Do you not hear Paul saying that "He who ascended on high and is seated at the right hand makes intercession for us"? Do you not see that even after the cross and after the ascension, He sent the apostles to the Jews who had slain Him, to bring countless good things, and these apostles were about to suffer countless terrible things from them? But have you been greatly wronged? And what have you suffered like your Master, being bound, scourged, struck, spit upon by servants, enduring death, and death the most shameful of all deaths, after countless benefits? But if you have been greatly wronged, for this very reason do good, so that you may both make the crown more glorious for yourself and deliver your brother from the utmost sickness. Since physicians too, when they are kicked and insulted by the mad, then especially do they pity them, and prepare for their correction, knowing that the insult is a result of the extremity of the disease. So you too should have this opinion concerning those who plot against you, and deal thus with those who do you wrong; for they are the ones who are especially sick and who endure all violence. Deliver him, therefore, from this grievous insolence, and grant him to let go of his anger, and free him from a harsh demon, that of wrath. For if we see demon-possessed men, we weep; we do not ourselves strive to be possessed by a demon. Let us do this now also in the case of the angry; for the wrathful are like them; or rather, they are even more wretched than they are, being mad with full awareness. Therefore their frenzy is also inexcusable. εʹ. Do not, therefore, trample on one who is down, but rather pity him. For if we see someone troubled by bile and dizzy and hurrying to vomit this evil humor, we offer a hand, and we support him while he is convulsed, and even if we should soil our garment, we do not turn away, but seek one thing only, how we may deliver him from this grievous distress. Let us therefore do this for these people also, and let us support them as they vomit and are convulsed; and let us not let them go before they have put away all their bitterness. And then he will be greatly grateful to you; when he stops, then he will know

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προτέρων. Οὐ γὰρ γῆς ἐνταῦθα μέμνηται, καθάπερ ἐπὶ τῶν πράων· οὔτε παρακλήσεως καὶ ἐλέου, καθάπερ ἐπὶ τῶν πενθούντων καὶ ἐλεημόνων· οὔτε βασιλείας οὐρανῶν· ἀλλ' ὃ πάντων τούτων ἦν φρικωδέστερον, τὸ γενέσθαι ὁμοίους τῷ Θεῷ, ὡς ἀνθρώπους γενέσθαι εἰκός. Ὅπως γὰρ γένησθε, φησὶν, ὅμοιοι τοῦ Πατρὸς ὑμῶν τοῦ ἐν οὐρανοῖς. Σὺ δέ μοι παρατήρει, πῶς οὐδὲ ἐνταῦθα, οὐδὲ ἐν τοῖς ἔμπροσθεν Πατέρα ἑαυτοῦ καλεῖ· ἀλλ' ἐκεῖ μὲν Θεὸν καὶ βασιλέα μέγαν, ὅτε περὶ τῶν ὅρκων διελέγετο· ἐνταῦθα δὲ Πατέρα αὐτῶν. Ποιεῖ δὲ τοῦτο, τῷ προσήκοντι καιρῷ τοὺς περὶ τούτων τηρῶν λόγους. Εἶτα καὶ προσάγων τὴν ὁμοιότητα, φησὶν, ὅτι Τὸν ἥλιον αὐτοῦ ἀνατέλλει ἐπὶ πονηροὺς καὶ ἀγαθοὺς, καὶ βρέχει ἐπὶ δικαίους καὶ ἀδίκους. Καὶ γὰρ αὐτὸς οὐ μόνον οὐ μισεῖ, φησὶν, ἀλλὰ καὶ εὐεργετεῖ τοὺς ὑβρίζοντας. Καίτοιγε οὐδαμοῦ τὸ γινόμενον ἴσον, οὐ μόνον διὰ τὴν τῆς εὐεργεσίας ὑπερβολὴν, ἀλλὰ καὶ διὰ τὴν τῆς ἀξίας ὑπεροχήν. Σὺ μὲν γὰρ παρὰ τοῦ ὁμοδούλου καταφρονῇ, ἐκεῖνος δὲ παρὰ τοῦ δούλου καὶ μυρία εὐεργετηθέντος· καὶ σὺ μὲν ῥήματα χαρίζῃ εὐχόμενος ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ, αὐτὸς δὲ πράγματα πολὺ μεγάλα καὶ θαυμαστὰ, τὸν ἥλιον ἀνάπτων, καὶ τοὺς ἐτησίους ὄμβρους διδούς. Ἀλλ' ὅμως καὶ οὕτω δίδωμι ἴσον εἶναι, ὡς ἄνθρωπον ἐγχωρεῖ εἶναι. Μὴ τοίνυν μίσει τὸν ποιοῦντα κακῶς, τοιούτων ὄντα σοι πρόξενον ἀγαθῶν, καὶ εἰς τοσαύτην ἄγοντά σε τιμήν· μὴ καταρῶ τῷ ἐπηρεάζοντι· ἐπεὶ τὸν μὲν πόνον ὑπέστης, τοῦ δὲ καρποῦ ἀπεστερήθης· καὶ τὴν μὲν ζημίαν οἴσεις, τὸν δὲ μισθὸν ἀπολεῖς· ὅπερ ἐσχάτης ἐστὶν ἀνοίας, τὸ χαλεπώτερον ὑπομείναντας, τὸ ἔλαττον τούτου μὴ φέρειν. Καὶ πῶς ἔνι τοῦτο γενέσθαι; φησί. Θεὸν ἰδὼν ἄνθρωπον γενόμενον, καὶ τοσοῦτον καταβάντα, καὶ τοσαῦτα παθόντα διὰ σὲ, ἐρωτᾷς ἔτι καὶ ἀμφιβάλλεις, πῶς δυνατὸν τοῖς ὁμοδούλοις ἀφεῖναι τὰς ἀδικίας; Οὐκ ἀκούεις αὐτοῦ ἐν τῷ σταυρῷ λέγοντος· Ἄφες 57.270 αὐτοῖς· οὐ γὰρ οἴδασι τί ποιοῦσιν, Οὐκ ἀκούεις Παύλου λέγοντος, ὅτι Ὁ ἀναβὰς ἄνω καὶ καθήμενος ἐν δεξιᾷ ἐντυγχάνει ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν, Οὐχ ὁρᾷς ὅτι καὶ μετὰ τὸν σταυρὸν καὶ μετὰ τὴν ἀνάληψιν, τοῖς ἀνῃρηκόσιν Ἰουδαίοις ἔπεμπε τοὺς ἀποστόλους τὰ μυρία οἴσοντας ἀγαθὰ, καὶ ταῦτα μυρία μέλλοντας παρ' αὐτῶν πάσχειν δεινά; Ἀλλὰ σὺ μεγάλα ἠδίκησαι; Καὶ τί τοιοῦτον πέπονθας, οἷον ὁ σὸς ∆εσπότης, δεσμούμενος, μαστιζόμενος, ῥαπιζόμενος, παρὰ οἰκετῶν ἐμπτυόμενος, θάνατον ὑπομένων, καὶ θάνατον τὸν θανάτων ἁπάντων αἴσχιστον, μετὰ μυρίας εὐεργεσίας; Εἰ δὲ καὶ μεγάλα ἠδίκησαι, καὶ διὰ τοῦτο μάλιστα εὐεργέτησον, ἵνα καὶ σαυτῷ λαμπρότερον ποιήσῃς τὸν στέφανον, καὶ τὸν ἀδελφὸν τῆς ἐσχάτης ἀπαλλάξῃς ἀῤῥωστίας. Ἐπεὶ καὶ οἱ ἰατροὶ, ὅταν λακτίζωνται καὶ ὑβρίζωνται παρὰ τῶν μαινομένων, τότε μάλιστα αὐτοὺς ἐλεοῦσι, καὶ παρασκευάζονται πρὸς τὴν ἐκείνων διόρθωσιν, εἰδότες ὅτι τῆς ὑπερβολῆς τοῦ νοσήματος ἡ ὕβρις ἐστί. Καὶ σὺ τοίνυν ταύτην περὶ τῶν ἐπιβουλευόντων ἔχε τὴν γνώμην, καὶ οὕτω κέχρησο τοῖς ἀδικοῦσιν· ἐκεῖνοι γάρ εἰσι μάλιστα οἱ νοσοῦντες καὶ τὴν βίαν ὑπομένοντες ἅπασαν. Ἀπάλλαξον τοίνυν αὐτὸν τῆς χαλεπῆς ταύτης ἐπηρείας, καὶ δὸς ἀφεῖναι τὴν ὀργὴν, καὶ δαίμονος ἐλευθέρωσον χαλεποῦ, τοῦ θυμοῦ. Καὶ γὰρ δαιμονῶντας ἐὰν ἴδωμεν, δακρύομεν, οὐχὶ καὶ αὐτοὶ σπουδάζομεν δαιμονᾷν. Τοῦτο καὶ νῦν ποιῶμεν ἐπὶ τῶν ὀργιζομένων· καὶ γὰρ ἐκείνοις ἐοίκασιν οἱ θυμούμενοι· μᾶλλον δὲ κἀκείνων εἰσὶν ἀθλιώτεροι, μετὰ αἰσθήσεως μαινόμενοι. ∆ιὸ καὶ ἀσύγγνωστος αὐτῶν ἡ παραπληξία. εʹ. Μὴ τοίνυν ἐπέμβαινε κειμένῳ, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐλέει Καὶ γὰρ ἂν ὑπὸ χολῆς ἐνοχλούμενον καὶ σκοτοδινιῶντα καὶ ἐμέσαι ἐπειγόμενον τὸν πονηρὸν τοῦτον χυμὸν ἴδωμεν, χεῖρα ὀρέγομεν, καὶ διαβαστάζομεν σπαραττόμενον, κἂν τὸ ἱμάτιον μολύνωμεν, οὐκ ἐπιστρεφόμεθα, ἀλλ' ἓν μόνον ζητοῦμεν, ὅπως ἐκεῖνον ἀπαλλάξωμεν τῆς χαλεπῆς ταύτης στενοχωρίας Τοῦτο τοίνυν καὶ ἐπὶ τούτων ποιῶμεν, καὶ διαβαστάζωμεν ἐμοῦντας καὶ σπαραττομένους· μηδὲ πρότερον ἀφῶμεν, ἕως ἂν ἅπασαν ἀπόθηται τὴν πικρίαν. Καὶ τότε σοι χάριν εἴσεται μεγίστην· ἐπειδὰν παύσηται, τότε γνώσεται