131

and what you said was evil, this you have been zealous to imitate as good? Do you see how nothing is more senseless than a man living with wickedness? Therefore I beseech you, let us flee this evil and ridiculous habit. For this disease has overthrown countless friendships, and has produced many enmities. Therefore, let us anticipate them. For we who are commanded to be slapped and compelled to go a mile and stripped by our enemies, and to bear it, of what pardon would we be worthy, showing so much contentiousness in a mere greeting? For we are despised, he says, and spit upon, 57.274 when we grant this to him. And so that a man might not despise you, you offend God? and so that your raging fellow servant might not despise you, you despise the Master, who has bestowed so many benefits on you? For if it is absurd for your equal to despise you, it is much more so for you to despise God who made you. But along with this consider that also, that when he despises you, then he becomes the cause of a greater reward for you. For you endure these things for God's sake, since you have heard His laws. And of what honor would this not be worthy? of how many diadems? May it be my lot both to be insulted and to be despised for God's sake, rather than to be honored by all kings; for nothing, nothing is equal to this glory. Let us therefore pursue this in the way He Himself commanded, taking no account of human things, but displaying the exact philosophy through all things, let us so manage our own life. For we shall from this point on already reap the good things of the heavens and of the crowns there, as angels walking among men, as the powers of angels moving about on the earth, and remaining outside of all desire, and all disturbance; and with all these things we shall also receive the ineffable good things; which may it befall us all to obtain, by the grace and loving-kindness of our Lord Jesus Christ, to whom be glory and power and worship, with the unoriginate Father and the holy and good Spirit, now and ever, and unto the ages of ages. Amen.

57.273 HOMILY XIX. Take heed that you do not do your alms before

men, to be seen by them. 1. He then casts out the most tyrannical passion of all, the rage and the

madness concerning vainglory which arises in those who do right. For from the beginning He said nothing about it; for it was superfluous, before persuading them to do any of the needful things, to teach about how they ought to do and pursue them. But since He was leading them into philosophy, then at length He also cleanses away the bane which attends it. For this disease is not simply born, but when we have accomplished many of the commandments. It was necessary, therefore, first to plant virtue, and then to destroy the passion that harms its fruit. And see from where He begins: from fasting, and prayer, and almsgiving. For it is in these good deeds especially that it is accustomed to delight. At any rate, the Pharisee was puffed up from this, saying: I fast twice in the week, I give tithes of all that I possess; and in the prayer itself he was vainglorious, making it for show. For since no one else was present, he showed off to the publican, saying: I am not as other men are, nor even as this publican. And consider how He began, as if speaking about some beast that is hard to detect, and skilled at robbing the one who is not very watchful. For, Take heed, He says, to your almsgiving. Thus also Paul says to the Philippians: Beware of dogs. For the beast enters secretly, and blows everything away noiselessly, and imperceptibly carries off all that is within. Since, therefore, He had made a long discourse concerning almsgiving, and had brought God into the midst, Who makes His sun to rise on the evil and on the good, and from every side had exhorted 57.274.30 to this, and persuaded them to take pride in the lavishness of their giving, He then destroys also the

131

καὶ ὅπερ ἔφης εἶναι πονηρὸν, τοῦτο ὡς ἀγαθὸν μιμεῖσθαι ἐσπούδακας; Ὁρᾷς πῶς οὐδὲν ἀνθρώπου κακίᾳ συζῶντος ἀνοητότερον; ∆ιὸ παρακαλῶ, φύγωμεν τὸ πονηρὸν τοῦτο ἔθος καὶ καταγέλαστον. Καὶ γὰρ μυρίας ἀνέτρεψε φιλίας τὸ νόσημα τοῦτο, καὶ πολλὰς ἔχθρας εἰργάσατο. ∆ιὰ δὴ τοῦτο φθάνωμεν αὐτοὺς ἡμεῖς. Οἱ γὰρ ῥαπίζεσθαι καὶ ἀγγαρεύεσθαι καὶ γυμνοῦσθαι παρ' ἐχθρῶν κελευόμενοι, καὶ φέρειν, ποίας ἂν εἴημεν συγγνώμης ἄξιοι, ἐν προσρήσει ψιλῇ τοσαύτην ἐπιδεικνύμενοι φιλονεικίαν; Καταφρονούμεθα γὰρ, φησὶ, καὶ διαπτυόμεθα, 57.274 ὅταν αὐτῷ χαρισώμεθα τοῦτο. Καὶ ἵνα μὴ καταφρονήσῃ ἄνθρωπος, προσκρούεις Θεῷ; καὶ ἵνα μὴ καταφρονήσῃ σου ὁ μαινόμενος ὁμόδουλος, καταφρονεῖς τοῦ ∆εσπότου, τοῦ τοσαῦτά σε εὐεργετηκότος; Εἰ γὰρ ἄτοπον τὸ καταφρονεῖν σου τὸν ὁμότιμον, πολλῷ μᾶλλον τό σε καταφρονεῖν τοῦ σε πεποιηκότος Θεοῦ. Μετὰ δὲ τούτου κἀκεῖνο σκόπει, ὅτι ὅταν σου καταφρονήσῃ, τότε σοι μείζονος μισθοῦ γίνεται πρόξενος. ∆ιὰ γὰρ τὸν Θεὸν ταῦτα ὑπομένεις, ἐπειδὴ τῶν αὐτοῦ νόμων ἤκουσας. Τοῦτο δὲ ποίας οὐκ ἂν εἴη τιμῆς ἀντάξιον; πόσων διαδημάτων; Ἐμοὶ γένοιτο καὶ ὑβρίζεσθαι, καὶ καταφρονεῖσθαι διὰ τὸν Θεὸν, ἢ τιμᾶσθαι παρὰ βασιλέων ἁπάντων· οὐδὲν γὰρ, οὐδὲν τῆς δόξης ταύτης ἴσον. Ταύτην τοίνυν διώκωμεν οὕτως, ὡς αὐτὸς ἐκέλευσε, καὶ τῶν ἀνθρωπίνων μηδένα ποιούμενοι λόγον, ἀλλὰ τὴν ἀκριβῆ φιλοσοφίαν ἐπιδεικνύμενοι διὰ πάντων, οὕτω τὸν ἑαυτῶν βίον οἰκονομῶμεν. Καὶ γὰρ τῶν οὐρανῶν καὶ τῶν ἐκεῖσε στεφάνων ἐντεῦθεν ἤδη καρπωσόμεθα τὰ ἀγαθὰ, ὡς ἄγγελοι μετὰ ἀνθρώπων βαδίζοντες, ὡς αἱ τῶν ἀγγέλων δυνάμεις ἐν τῇ γῇ περιπολοῦντες, καὶ πάσης μὲν ἐπιθυμίας, πάσης δὲ ἐκτὸς μένοντες ταραχῆς· καὶ μετὰ τούτων δὲ πάντων καὶ τὰ ἀπόῤῥητα ἀποληψόμεθα ἀγαθά· ὧν γένοιτο πάντας ἡμᾶς ἐπιτυχεῖν, χάριτι καὶ φιλανθρωπίᾳ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, ᾧ ἡ δόξα καὶ τὸ κράτος καὶ ἡ προσκύνησις, σὺν τῷ ἀνάρχῳ Πατρὶ καὶ τῷ ἁγίῳ καὶ ἀγαθῷ Πνεύματι, νῦν καὶ ἀεὶ, καὶ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.

57.273 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΙΘʹ. Προσέχετε τὴν ἐλεημοσύνην ὑμῶν μὴ ποιεῖν ἔμπροσθεν

τῶν ἀνθρώπων, πρὸς τὸ θεαθῆναι αὐτοῖς. αʹ. Τὸ τυραννικώτερον πάντων λοιπὸν ἐξορίζει πάθος, τὴν λύσσαν καὶ τὴν

μανίαν τὴν περὶ τὴν κενὴν δόξαν ἐγγινομένην τοῖς κατορθοῦσιν. Ἐξ ἀρχῆς μὲν γὰρ οὐδὲν περὶ αὐτοῦ διελέχθη· καὶ γὰρ ἦν περιττὸν, πρὶν ἢ πεῖσαι ποιεῖν τι τῶν δεόντων, περὶ τοῦ πῶς δεῖ ποιεῖν αὐτὰ καὶ μετιέναι διδάσκειν. Ἐπειδὴ δὲ ἐνῆγεν εἰς φιλοσοφίαν, τότε λοιπὸν καὶ τὴν παρυφισταμένην αὐτῇ καθαίρει λύμην. Οὐδὲ γὰρ ἁπλῶς τίκτεται τοῦτο τὸ νόσημα, ἀλλ' ὅταν πολλὰ κατορθώσωμεν τῶν ἐπιταττομένων. Ἔδει τοίνυν πρότερον φυτεῦσαι τὴν ἀρετὴν, καὶ τότε τὸ ἐπηρεάζον αὐτῆς τὸν καρπὸν ἀνελεῖν πάθος. Καὶ ὅρα πόθεν ἄρχεται· ἀπὸ νηστείας, καὶ εὐχῆς, καὶ ἐλεημοσύνης. Τούτοις γὰρ μάλιστα ἐμφιλοχωρεῖν εἴωθε τοῖς κατορθώμασιν. Ὁ γοῦν Φαρισαῖος ἐντεῦθεν ἐφυσᾶτο λέγων· Νηστεύω δὶς τῆς ἑβδομάδος, ἀποδεκατῶ μου τὰ ὑπάρχοντα· καὶ ἐν αὐτῇ δὲ ἐκενοδόξει τῇ εὐχῇ, πρὸς ἐπίδειξιν αὐτὴν ποιούμενος. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ οὐδεὶς ἄλλος παρῆν, τῷ τελώνῃ ἐνεδείκνυτο λέγων· Οὐκ εἰμὶ ὡς οἱ λοιποὶ ἄνθρωποι, οὐδὲ ὡς οὗτος ὁ τελώνης Καὶ σκόπει πῶς ἤρξατο, ὡς περὶ θηρίου τινὸς δυσφωράτου διαλεγόμενος, καὶ δεινοῦ κλέψαι τὸν μὴ σφόδρα ἐγρηγορότα. Προσέχετε γὰρ, φησὶ, τὴν ἐλεημοσύνην ὑμῶν. Οὕτω καὶ ὁ Παῦλος λέγει Φιλιππησίοις· Βλέπετε τοὺς κύνας. Καὶ γὰρ λάθρα ἐπεισέρχεται τὸ θηρίον, καὶ πάντα ἐκφυσᾷ ἀψοφητὶ, καὶ ἀνεπαισθήτως ἐκφέρει τὰ ἔνδον ἅπαντα. Ἐπεὶ οὖν πολὺν περὶ τῆς ἐλεημοσύνης ἐποιήσατο λόγον, καὶ τὸν Θεὸν εἰς μέσον ἤγαγε, Τὸν ἀνατέλλοντα τὸν ἥλιον ἐπὶ πονηροὺς καὶ ἀγαθοὺς, καὶ πανταχόθεν προέτρεψεν 57.274.30 εἰς τοῦτο, καὶ κομᾷν ἔπεισε τῇ δαψιλείᾳ τῆς χορηγίας, ἀναιρεῖ λοιπὸν καὶ τὰ