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we forgive our debtors. Do you see the excess of His love for mankind? After the removal of so many evils, and the unspeakable greatness of His gift, He again deems those who sin worthy of forgiveness. For that this prayer is fitting for the faithful, both the laws of the Church and the preface of the prayer teach. For the uninitiated could not call God Father. If, then, the prayer is fitting for the faithful, and they pray asking that their sins be forgiven them, it is clear that not even after the font has the gain 57.281 of repentance been taken away. For if He did not want to show this, He would not have legislated to pray this way. But He who both reminds us of sins, and commands us to ask for forgiveness, and teaches how we might obtain that forgiveness, and makes the way to it easy, it is very clear that knowing and showing that even after the font it is possible to wash away offenses, He introduced this law of supplication; by reminding us of our sins, persuading us to be moderate; by commanding us to forgive others, delivering us from all remembrance of wrongs; and by promising in return for these things to forgive us also, suggesting good hopes, and teaching us to philosophize about the unspeakable love of God for mankind. 2. But what one must especially observe is this: that in each of the things mentioned, having spoken of virtue in its entirety, and having included in this the not bearing of grudges (for the hallowing of His name is the exactness of a perfected life; and that His will be done again indicates this same thing; and to be able to call God Father is a demonstration of a blameless life; in all of which was also included the need to forgive the anger against those who have sinned); but nevertheless He was not satisfied with these, but wishing to show how much earnestness He has for the matter, He also sets it down specifically, and after the prayer He mentions no other commandment than this, saying thus: For if you forgive men their trespasses, your heavenly Father will also forgive you. So the beginning is from us, and we are lords of the judgment concerning ourselves. For so that not even one of the senseless might have a charge to bring when being judged, whether small or great, He makes you, the one responsible, lord of the verdict; and, "as you would have judged for yourself," He says, "so I too judge for you." And if you forgive your fellow servant, you will also obtain the same grace from Me; and yet this is not equal to that. For you forgive while in need, but God, having need of nothing; you to your fellow servant, but God to His servant; you, being liable for countless evils, but God, being sinless. But nevertheless, even so He displays His love for mankind. For He was able to forgive you all your offenses even without this, but He wants you to be benefited from this also, providing you from all sides countless occasions for gentleness and love for mankind, and casting out the beastly thing in you, and quenching your anger, and from all sides gluing you to your own member. For what could you say? that you suffered some evil unjustly from your neighbor? For these are sins; for if it were justly, the matter is not even a sin. But you also approach to receive forgiveness for such things, and for much greater ones. And even before the forgiveness you have enjoyed no small gift, being taught to have a human soul, and being instructed in all gentleness. And with these things a great reward is also laid up for you there, that no account will be required of you for your offenses. Of what punishment, then, would we not be worthy, when, having received the authority, we betray our salvation? And how in other matters shall we expect to be heard, when we ourselves 57.282 are unwilling, in those things where we are masters, to spare ourselves? And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from the evil one. For Thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory forever. Amen. Here He clearly teaches us our own lowliness, and represses our arrogance, teaching us to decline contests, and not to leap into them. For thus our victory will be more brilliant, and the defeat more laughable to the devil. For having been dragged into them, we must stand nobly; but not being called,

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ἀφίεμεν τοῖς ὀφειλέταις ἡμῶν. Εἶδες φιλανθρωπίας ὑπερβολήν; Μετὰ τοσούτων κακῶν ἀναίρεσιν, καὶ δωρεᾶς μέγεθος ἄφατον, πάλιν ἁμαρτάνοντας ἀξιοῖ συγγνώμης. Ὅτι γὰρ πιστοῖς αὕτη ἡ προσευχὴ προσήκει, καὶ οἱ νόμοι τῆς Ἐκκλησίας διδάσκουσι, καὶ τὸ προοίμιον τῆς εὐχῆς. Ὁ γὰρ ἀμύητος οὐκ ἂν δύναιτο Πατέρα καλεῖν τὸν Θεόν. Εἰ τοίνυν πιστοῖς προσήκει ἡ εὐχὴ, εὔχονται δὲ οὗτοι ἁμαρτήματα ἑαυτοῖς ἀφεθῆναι δεόμενοι, δῆλον ὅτι οὐδὲ μετὰ τὸ λουτρὸν ἀνῄρηται τῆς μετανοίας τὸ κέρ 57.281 δος, Εἰ γὰρ μὴ τοῦτο ἐβούλετο δεῖξαι, οὐδ' ἂν τοῦτο ἐνομοθέτησεν εὔχεσθαι. Ὁ δὲ καὶ ἁμαρτημάτων ἀναμιμνήσκων, καὶ κελεύων αἰτεῖν ἄφεσιν, καὶ διδάσκων ὅπως ἂν ἐπιτύχωμεν τῆς ἀφέσεως, καὶ εὔκολον ταύτῃ ποιῶν τὴν ὁδὸν, εὔδηλον ὅτι εἰδὼς καὶ δεικνὺς ὅτι καὶ μετὰ τὸ λουτρὸν ἔστιν ἀπονίψασθαι τὰ πεπλημμελημένα, τοῦτον τῆς ἱκετηρίας τὸν νόμον εἰσήνεγκε· τῷ μὲν ὑπομνῆσαι τῶν ἁμαρτημάτων, μετριάζειν πείθων· τῷ δὲ ἑτέροις ἀφεῖναι κελεῦσαι, μνησικακίας ἁπάσης ἀπαλλάττων ἡμᾶς· τῷ δὲ ἀντὶ τούτων καὶ ἡμῖν ἐπαγγέλλεσθαι συγχωρεῖν, χρηστὰς ὑποτείνων ἐλπίδας, καὶ περὶ τῆς ἀφάτου τοῦ Θεοῦ φιλανθρωπίας φιλοσοφεῖν ἡμᾶς παιδεύων. ʹ. Ὃ δὲ μάλιστα χρὴ παρατηρῆσαι, τοῦτό ἐστιν· ὅτι καθ' ἕκαστον τῶν εἰρημένων ὁλοκλήρου μνημονεύσας τῆς ἀρετῆς, καὶ ταύτῃ καὶ τὸ μὴ μνησικακεῖν περιλαβών (καὶ γὰρ τὸ ἁγιασθῆναι τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ ἀπηρτισμένης ἐστὶ πολιτείας ἀκρίβεια· καὶ τὸ γενηθῆναι τὸ θέλημα αὐτοῦ τὸ αὐτὸ τοῦτο πάλιν δηλοῖ· καὶ τὸ Πατέρα δύνασθαι καλεῖν τὸν Θεὸν, ἀμώμου πολιτείας ἐπίδειξίς ἐστιν· ἐν οἷς ἅπασι συνείληπτο καὶ τὸ δεῖν ἀφεῖναι τοῖς πεπλημμεληκόσι τὴν ὀργήν)· ἀλλ' ὅμως οὐκ ἠρκέσθη τούτοις, ἀλλὰ δεῖξαι βουλόμενος ὅσην ὑπὲρ τοῦ πράγματος ποιεῖται τὴν σπουδὴν, καὶ ἰδικῶς αὐτὸ τίθησι, καὶ μετὰ τὴν εὐχὴν οὐδεμιᾶς ἄλλης ἐντολῆς μέμνηται ἢ ταύτης, οὕτω λέγων· Ἐὰν γὰρ ἀφῆτε τοῖς ἀνθρώποις τὰ παραπτώματα αὐτῶν, ἀφήσει ὑμῖν καὶ ὁ Πατὴρ ὑμῶν ὁ οὐράνιος. Ὥστε παρ' ἡμῶν ἡ ἀρχὴ, καὶ κύριοι τῆς κρίσεως τῆς περὶ ἡμῶν ἡμεῖς. Ἵνα γὰρ μηδὲ τῶν ἀναισθήτων μηδεὶς ἐγκαλεῖν ἔχῃ δικαζόμενος μὴ μικρὸν, μὴ μέγα, σὲ τὸν ὑπεύθυνον κύριον ποιεῖ τῆς ψήφου· καὶ, ὡς ἂν αὐτὸς ἐδίκασας σαυτῷ, φησὶν, οὕτω σοι δικάζω κἀγώ. Κἂν ἀφῇς τῷ συνδούλῳ, καὶ παρ' ἐμοῦ τῆς αὐτῆς τεύξῃ χάριτος· καίτοιγε οὐκ ἴσον τοῦτο ἐκείνῳ. Σὺ μὲν γὰρ δεόμενος ἀφίης, ὁ δὲ Θεὸς μηδενὸς χρείαν ἔχων· σὺ τῷ ὁμοδούλῳ, ὁ δὲ Θεὸς τῷ δούλῳ· σὺ ὑπεύθυνος ὢν μυρίοις κακοῖς, ὁ δὲ Θεὸς ἀναμάρτητος ὤν. Ἀλλ' ὅμως καὶ οὕτω τὴν αὐτοῦ φιλανθρωπίαν ἐπιδείκνυται. Ἠδύνατο μὲν γὰρ καὶ χωρὶς τούτου πάντα σοι ἀφιέναι τὰ πεπλημμελημένα, ἀλλὰ βούλεταί σε καὶ ἐντεῦθεν εὐεργετεῖσθαι, μυρίας σοι πανταχόθεν παρέχων ἡμερότητος καὶ φιλανθρωπίας ἀφορμὰς, καὶ τὸ ἐν σοὶ θηριῶδες ἐκβάλλων, καὶ τὸν θυμὸν σβεννὺς, καὶ πανταχόθεν σε συγκολλῶν τῷ μέλει τῷ σῷ. Τί γὰρ ἂν ἔχοις εἰπεῖν; ὅτι ἀδίκως ἔπαθές τι κακὸν παρὰ τοῦ πλησίον; Ταῦτα γάρ ἐστι τὰ ἁμαρτήματα· ὡς εἰ δικαίως, οὐδὲ ἁμάρτημα τὸ πρᾶγμά ἐστιν. Ἀλλὰ καὶ σὺ τοιούτων προσέρχῃ ληψόμενος ἄφεσιν, καὶ πολλῷ μειζόνων. Καὶ πρὸ τῆς ἀφέσεως δὲ οὐ μικρᾶς ἀπέλαυσας δωρεᾶς, διδασκόμενος ἀνθρωπίνην ἔχειν ψυχὴν, καὶ πᾶσαν παιδευόμενος ἡμερότητα. Καὶ μετὰ τούτων καὶ μισθός σοι μέγας κείσεται ἐκεῖ, τὸ μηδενὸς ἀπαιτηθῆναι λόγον τῶν πεπλημμελημένων. Ποίας οὖν οὐκ ἂν εἴημεν κολάσεως ἄξιοι, ὅταν τὴν ἐξουσίαν λαβόντες, προδῶμεν ἡμῶν τὴν σωτηρίαν; πῶς δὲ ἐν τοῖς ἄλλοις πράγμασιν ἀξιώσομεν ἀκούεσθαι, αὐτοὶ 57.282 μὴ θέλοντες, ἐν οἷς ἐσμεν κύριοι, φείδεσθαι ἑαυτῶν; Καὶ μὴ εἰσενέγκῃς ἡμᾶς εἰς πειρασμὸν, ἀλλὰ ῥῦσαι ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ τοῦ πονηροῦ. Ὅτι σοῦ ἐστιν ἡ βασιλεία, καὶ ἡ δύναμις, καὶ ἡ δόξα εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας. Ἀμήν. Ἐνταῦθα ἡμᾶς τὴν ἡμετέραν παιδεύει σαφῶς εὐτέλειαν, καὶ καταστέλλει τὸ φύσημα, διδάσκων παραιτεῖσθαι τοὺς ἀγῶνας, ἀλλὰ μὴ ἐπιπηδᾷν. Οὕτω γὰρ καὶ ἡμῖν ἡ νίκη λαμπροτέρα ἔσται, καὶ ἡ ἧττα τῷ διαβόλῳ καταγελαστοτέρα. Ἑλκυσθέντας μὲν γὰρ δεῖ γενναίως ἑστάναι· μὴ καλουμένους δὲ,