141

they inherited the land. Nor did their own arm save them; but your right hand, and your arm, and the light of your countenance. Another says: The light. Because you were well pleased in them. And yet, being all armed, they prevailed in wars; they were armed indeed, but the work was not of the weapons, but of God who was their general. Do you see how in the form of a prayer he reveals his counsel, exhorting to cast everything upon God? But how does he call the matter an inheritance, when their fathers, and grandfathers, and great-grandfathers did not possess the land, but spent their time in another? Because the promise was to the fathers. For, he says, Come to the land that I will show you; and, To you I will give the land, and to your seed. But having said right hand and arm, since he used more corporeal words, see how he elevates the discourse, again adding, and saying: And the light of your countenance, that is, the help, the providence. For to have willed, to be present, was alone sufficient for them. Then also the cause: Because you were well pleased in them; that is, because you loved them, because you willed it. So the deeds were of grace, not of achievements, nor did they succeed by their own virtue, but from the loving-kindness of God. You are yourself my king and my God, who commands the salvations of Jacob. Another, Command concerning the salvation of Jacob. And what is the sequence here? It is great in relation to what has been said. For what he says is this: We are their descendants, and you are the same God, who worked those things both then and now. Whence then this great change? For that God was not one, and you another, but you are the same. 2. Nor again are you the same, while I acknowledge another God; but You are my king and my God. We have not departed from your rule, we have not inscribed another as our protector. Who commands the salvations of Jacob; that is, both God is the same, and his providence is the same. Whence then the change of circumstances? And what is, Who commands? He who orders, who directs Jacob to be saved. Here again he sets forth the ease of the alliance, and the great authority, and he does not simply mention the forefather, but puts forward his virtue in place of a claim, wishing to entreat God. In you we will push down our enemies. And you are the same, he says, and the providence is the same, and we acknowledge you, and have used the same weapons. For this is, In you we will push down our enemies. But another says, We will push down those who afflict us. And in your name we will bring to nothing 55.176 those who rise up against us. Another says, We will trample down. Why do I say, he says, In you? It is enough to call upon your name alone, and to accomplish all things with abundance. For he did not say, We will prevail, or, We will overcome, but, We will bring to nothing, nor will we consider them to be anything, he says, nor will we be afraid, but we will pursue them as being nothing. Which another interpreter indicating said: We will trample down; showing a victory by might, a battle-line without struggle, a fight without fear. For I will not hope in my bow. Another says, I trust. And my sword will not save me. And for what reason do you use these things? Why do you arm yourself, and handle bow and sword? Because God so commanded; for this reason I use them, but I cast everything upon him. Thus they were taught to fight against perceptible enemies, being protected by the inclination from above, thus also against the intelligible ones. And you, therefore, when you fight against the devil, say. I do not trust in my weapons; that is, not in my strength, nor in my own righteousness, but in the mercy of God. Thus also Daniel said: Not for our righteousnesses do we cast our supplication before you. For you saved us from those who afflict us, and you have put to shame those who hate us. Another, Because you saved us. What need is there

141

ἐκληρονόμησαν τὴν γῆν. Οὐδὲ ὁ βραχίων αὐτῶν ἔσωσεν αὐτούς· ἀλλ' ἡ δεξιά σου, καὶ ὁ βραχίων σου, καὶ ὁ φωτισμὸς τοῦ προσώπου σου. Ἄλλος φησί· Τὸ φῶς. Ὅτι ηὐδόκησας ἐν αὐτοῖς. Καὶ μὴν ὡπλισμένοι πάντες ἐκράτουν ἐν τοῖς πολέμοις· ὡπλισμένοι μὲν, ἀλλ' οὐκ ἦν ὅπλων τὸ ἔργον, ἀλλὰ τοῦ στρατηγοῦντος Θεοῦ. Ὁρᾷς πῶς ἐν τάξει εὐχῆς φαίνει τὴν συμβουλὴν, παραινῶν τὸ πᾶν ἐπὶ τὸν Θεὸν ῥίπτειν; Πῶς δὲ τὸ πρᾶγμα κληρονομίαν καλεῖ, τῶν πατέρων, καὶ τῶν πάππων, καὶ τῶν ἐπιπάππων οὐ κατεσχηκότων τὴν γῆν, ἀλλ' ἐν ἑτέρῳ δαπανηθέντων καιρῷ; Ὅτι πρὸς τοὺς πατέρας ἦν ἡ ὑπόσχεσις. ∆εῦρο γὰρ, φησὶν, εἰς τὴν γῆν, ἣν ἄν σοι δείξω· καὶ, Σοὶ δώσω τὴν γῆν, καὶ τῷ σπέρματί σου. Εἰπὼν δὲ δεξιὰν καὶ βραχίονα, ἐπειδὴ παχυτέρων ἐμνήσθη λέξεων, ὅρα πῶς ἀνάγει τὸν λόγον, πάλιν ἐπάγων, καὶ λέγων· Καὶ ὁ φωτισμὸς τοῦ προσώπου σου, τουτέστιν, ἡ ἀντίληψις, ἡ πρόνοια. Τὸ γὰρ βουληθῆναι, τὸ παρεῖναι ἤρκεσε μόνον αὐτοῖς. Εἶτα καὶ ἡ αἰτία· Ὅτι ηὐδόκησας ἐν αὐτοῖς· τουτέστιν, ὅτι ἠγάπησας αὐτοὺς, ὅτι ἐβουλήθης. Ὥστε χάριτος ἦν, οὐ κατορθωμάτων τὰ πράγματα, οὐδὲ ἐξ οἰκείας ἀρετῆς ἐπέτυχον, ἀλλ' ἐκ τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ φιλανθρωπίας. Σὺ εἶ αὐτὸς ὁ βασιλεύς μου καὶ ὁ Θεός μου, ὁ ἐντελλόμενος τὰς σωτηρίας Ἰακώβ. Ἄλλος, Ἔντειλαι περὶ τῆς σωτηρίας τοῦ Ἰακώβ. Καὶ ποία αὕτη ἡ ἀκολουθία; Πολλὴ μὲν πρὸς τὰ εἰρημένα. Ὃ γὰρ λέγει, τοῦτό ἐστιν· Ἡμεῖς ἐκείνων ἔγγονοι, καὶ σὺ ὁ Θεὸς ὁ αὐτὸς, ὁ καὶ τότε καὶ νῦν ἐκεῖνα ἐργασάμενος. Πόθεν οὖν ἡ τοσαύτη μεταβολή; Οὐ γὰρ δὴ ἄλλος μὲν ἐκεῖνος ὁ Θεὸς, ἄλλος δὲ σὺ, ἀλλὰ σὺ εἶ ὁ αὐτός. ʹ. Οὐδὲ αὖ πάλιν σὺ μὲν εἶ ὁ αὐτὸς, ἐγὼ δὲ ἄλλον ἐπιγράφομαι Θεόν· ἀλλὰ Σὺ εἶ ὁ βασιλεύς μου καὶ ὁ Θεός μου. Οὐκ ἀπεπηδήσαμέν σου τῆς ἀρχῆς, οὐκ ἐπεγραψάμεθα προστάτην ἕτερον. Ὁ ἐντελλόμενος τὰς σωτηρίας Ἰακώβ· τουτέστι, καὶ ὁ Θεὸς ὁ αὐτὸς, καὶ ἡ πρόνοια ἡ αὐτή. Πόθεν οὖν ἡ μεταβολὴ τῶν πραγμάτων; Τί δέ ἐστιν, Ὁ ἐντελλόμενος; Ὁ κελεύων, ὁ παραγγέλλων σώζεσθαι τὸν Ἰακώβ. Ἐνταῦθα πάλιν τὴν εὐκολίαν τῆς συμμαχίας παρίστησι, καὶ τὴν ἐξουσίαν τὴν πολλὴν, καὶ οὐδὲ ἁπλῶς τοῦ προγόνου μέμνηται, ἀλλ' ἀντὶ δικαιώματος τὴν ἀρετὴν αὐτοῦ προβάλλεται, δυσωπῆσαι τὸν Θεὸν βουλόμενος. Ἐν σοὶ τοὺς ἐχθροὺς ἡμῶν κερατιοῦμεν. Καὶ σὺ ὁ αὐτὸς, φησὶ, καὶ ἡ πρόνοια ἡ αὐτὴ, καὶ ἡμεῖς σὲ ἐπιγραφόμεθα, καὶ τοῖς αὐτοῖς ὅπλοις κεχρήμεθα. Τοῦτο γάρ ἐστιν, Ἐν σοὶ τοὺς ἐχθροὺς ἡμῶν κερατιοῦμεν. Ἄλλος δέ φησι, Τοὺς θλίβοντας ἡμᾶς κερατιοῦμεν. Καὶ ἐν τῷ ὀνόματί σου ἐξουδενώσο 55.176 μεν τοὺς ἐπανισταμένους ἡμῖν. Ἄλλος φησὶ, Συμπατήσομεν. Τί λέγω, φησὶν, Ἐν σοί; Ἀρκεῖ τὸ ὄνομά σου καλέσαι μόνον, καὶ πάντα ἀνύσαι μεθ' ὑπερβολῆς. Οὐδὲ γὰρ εἶπε, Κρατήσομεν, ἢ, Περιεσόμεθα, ἀλλ', Ἐξουδενώσομεν, οὐδὲ ἡγησόμεθα αὐτούς τι εἶναι, φησὶν, οὐδὲ φοβηθησόμεθα, ἀλλ' ὡς οὐδὲν ὄντας διώξομεν. Ὅπερ δηλῶν ἕτερος ἑρμηνευτὴς ἔλεγε· Καταπατήσομεν· τὴν κατὰ κράτος νίκην, τὴν χωρὶς ἀγωνίας παράταξιν, τὴν χωρὶς φόβου μάχην δεικνύς. Οὐ γὰρ ἐπὶ τῷ τόξῳ μου ἐλπιῶ. Ἄλλος φησὶ, Πέποιθα. Καὶ ἡ ῥομφαία μου οὐ σώσει με. Καὶ τίνος ἕνεκεν κέχρησαι τούτοις; τί δὲ καθοπλίζῃ, καὶ τόξον καὶ μάχαιραν μεταχειρίζῃ; Ὅτι οὕτως ἐκέλευσεν ὁ Θεός· διὰ δὴ τοῦτο κέχρημαι μὲν αὐτοῖς, τὸ δὲ πᾶν ἐπ' αὐτὸν ῥίπτω. Οὕτω πολεμεῖν τοῖς αἰσθητοῖς ἐχθροῖς ἐπαιδεύοντο ἀπὸ τῆς ἄνωθεν ῥοπῆς φραττόμενοι, οὕτω τοῖς νοητοῖς Καὶ σὺ τοίνυν, ὅταν τῷ διαβόλῳ πολεμῇς, λέγε. Οὐ τοῖς ὅπλοις μου θαῤῥῶ· τουτέστιν, οὐ τῇ ἐμῇ ἰσχύϊ, οὐδὲ ταῖς ἐμαῖς δικαιοσύναις, ἀλλὰ τῷ ἐλέει τοῦ Θεοῦ. Οὕτω καὶ ∆ανιὴλ ἔλεγεν· Οὐκ ἐν ταῖς δικαιοσύναις ἡμῶν ἐπιῤῥίπτομεν ἡμεῖς τὸν ἔλεον ἡμῶν ἔμπροσθέν σου. Ἔσωσας γὰρ ἡμᾶς ἐκ τῶν θλιβόντων ἡμᾶς, καὶ τοὺς μισοῦντας ἡμᾶς κατῄσχυνας. Ἄλλος, Ὅτι ἔσωσας ἡμᾶς. Τί δεῖ