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their own. For the pagan philosophers are in no better condition than those on the stage and in the farces of mimes, having nothing more to show than the cloak and the beard and the robe; but these, quite the contrary, bidding farewell to staff and beard and the other paraphernalia, have adorned their own soul with the doctrines of true philosophy, and not only with the doctrines, but also with the deeds themselves. And if you ask one of these who live in the country, and have been spent in digging and ploughing, about the doctrines concerning which the pagan philosophers, after going about to countless places and expending many words, were able to say nothing sound, he will answer you all things with accuracy out of his great wisdom. And this is not the only wonderful thing, but that through their works they also confirm their faith in the doctrines. For they have both persuaded their mind that we have an immortal soul, and are about to give an account for the things done here and to stand before a fearful tribunal, and have ordered their whole life according to these hopes, and have become superior to every worldly fancy, having been taught by the divine Scripture that, Vanity of vanities, all is vanity, and they gape at none of the things that seem to be splendid. These men know how to philosophize about God on those things which God commanded; and if you were to take one of them and a certain pagan philosopher and bring them into the open now; or rather, now it is not possible to find one; but if you take one of these, and unroll and go through the books of those who philosophized of old among them, and examine, placing them side by side, what these answer now, and what those philosophized then, you will see how great is the wisdom of these, and how great the folly of those. For when some of them say that existing things do not enjoy providence, nor that creation came to be by God, nor that virtue itself is self-sufficient for itself, but needs money and noble birth and external distinction, and other things much more ridiculous than these; while these philosophize both about providence, and about the judgments after this life, and about the creation of God which brought all things out of non-existence, and about all other things, having not at all partaken of pagan 49.190 education; who would not at once learn the power of Christ, who showed the unlettered and simple to be so much wiser than those who boast greatly in wisdom, as one can see sensible men surpassing little children? For what harm could come to them from their simplicity in speech, when their thoughts are full of much wisdom? And what benefit is there for the pagans from the teaching of words, when the mind is destitute of thoughts? Just as if someone had a dagger having a silver hilt, but the iron part weaker than any lead; for with these too the tongue is embellished with verbs and nouns, but the mind is full of great weakness, and is useless to them for everything; but not so with these philosophers, but quite the contrary, their mind is full of much spiritual philosophy, and their life imitates their doctrines. Among these there are no women putting on airs, nor embellishment of clothing, nor paints and cosmetics, but all such corruption of manners has been driven away; whence they also more easily lead the people subject to them to self-control, and they observe with great exactness the law of Paul, which commands to have coverings and sustenance, and to seek nothing more. Among these there is no anointing of perfumes bewitching the mind, but the earth bringing forth herbs more wisely than any perfumer prepares for them the varied fragrance of flowers. For this reason their bodies also enjoy pure health along with the soul, since they have driven away all luxury and cast out the evil streams of drunkenness. and they eat as much as is needed to live. Let us not then despise them for their appearance, but let us admire their mind. For what is the benefit of external attire, when the soul

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τὴν ἑαυτῶν. Ὡς οἵ γε τῶν ἔξωθεν φιλόσοφοι τῶν ἐν τῇ σκηνῇ καὶ ταῖς τῶν μίμων παιδιαῖς οὐδὲν ἄμεινον διάκεινται, τοῦ τρίβωνος καὶ τοῦ πώγωνος καὶ τῆς στολῆς οὐδὲν πλέον ἔχοντες ἐπιδείξασθαι· οὗτοι δὲ τοὐναντίον ἅπαν, βακτηρίᾳ καὶ πώγωνι καὶ τῇ ἄλλῃ σκευῇ πολλὰ χαίρειν εἰπόντες, τὴν ψυχὴν ἑαυτῶν κατεκόσμησαν τοῖς τῆς ἀληθοῦς φιλοσοφίας δόγμασιν, οὐχὶ τοῖς δόγμασι δὲ μόνοις, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῖς ἔργοις αὐτοῖς. Κἂν ἔρῃ τινὰ τούτων τῶν ἐν ἀγροικίᾳ ζώντων, καὶ ἐν σκαπάνῃ καὶ ἐν ἀρότρῳ δαπανηθέντων, ὑπὲρ τῶν δογμάτων, ὑπὲρ ὧν μυρία περιελθόντες οἱ τῶν ἔξωθεν φιλόσοφοι καὶ πολλοὺς ἀναλώσαντες λόγους οὐδὲν ἠδυνήθησαν ὑγιὲς εἰπεῖν, μετὰ ἀκριβείας ἀποκρινεῖταί σοι πάντα ἐκ πολλῆς τῆς σοφίας. Καὶ οὐ τοῦτό ἐστι τὸ θαυμαστὸν μόνον, ἀλλ' ὅτι καὶ διὰ τῶν ἔργων βεβαιοῦνται τὴν διὰ τῶν δογμάτων πίστιν. Καὶ γὰρ ὅτι ψυχὴν ἀθάνατον ἔχομεν, καὶ μέλλομεν τῶν ἐνταῦθα πεπραγμένων εὐθύνας διδόναι καὶ βήματι παρίστασθαι φοβερῷ, καὶ τὴν διάνοιαν ἔπεισαν, καὶ τὸν βίον ἅπαντα πρὸς ταύτας κατεστήσαντο τὰς ἐλπίδας, καὶ πάσης ἀνώτεροι βιωτικῆς ἐγένοντο φαντασίας, παιδευθέντες παρὰ τῆς θείας Γραφῆς, ὅτι Ματαιότης ματαιοτήτων, τὰ πάντα ματαιότης, καὶ πρὸς οὐδὲν τῶν δοκούντων εἶναι λαμπρῶν κεχήνασιν. Οὗτοι καὶ περὶ Θεοῦ φιλοσοφεῖν ἴσασι ταῦτα, ἅπερ ἐπέταξεν ὁ Θεός· κἂν ἕνα αὐτῶν λαβὼν φιλόσοφόν τινα τῶν ἔξωθεν ἀγάγῃς εἰς μέσον νῦν· μᾶλλον δὲ νῦν μὲν οὐδένα ἔστιν εὑρεῖν· ἂν δέ τινα τούτων λαβὼν, καὶ τὰ βιβλία τῶν πάλαι παρ' αὐτοῖς φιλοσοφησάντων ἀναπτύξας ἐπέλθῃς, καὶ τί μὲν οὗτοι ἀποκρίνονται νῦν, τί δὲ ἐκεῖνοι τότε ἐφιλοσόφησαν παράλληλα θεὶς ἐξετάσῃς, ὄψει πόση μὲν ἡ τούτων σοφία, πόση δὲ ἡ ἐκείνων ἄνοια. Ὅταν γὰρ οἱ μὲν αὐτῶν μηδὲ προνοίας λέγωσιν ἀπολαύειν τὰ ὄντα, μηδὲ ὑπὸ Θεοῦ γεγενῆσθαι τὴν κτίσιν, μήτε τὴν ἀρετὴν αὐτὴν ἑαυτῇ αὐτάρκη εἶναι, ἀλλὰ δεῖσθαι χρημάτων καὶ εὐγενείας καὶ τῆς ἔξωθεν περιφανείας, καὶ ἕτερα πολλῷ τούτων καταγελαστότερα· οὗτοι δὲ καὶ περὶ προνοίας, καὶ περὶ δικαστηρίων τῶν μετὰ ταῦτα, καὶ περὶ τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ δημιουργίας τῆς ἐξ οὐκ ὄντων τὰ πάντα παραγαγούσης, καὶ περὶ τῶν ἄλλων ἁπάντων φιλοσοφῶσι, τῆς ἔξωθεν ὅλως μὴ μετασχόντες 49.190 παιδεύσεως· τίς οὐκ ἂν αὐτόθεν μάθοι τὴν τοῦ Χριστοῦ δύναμιν, ἢ τοὺς ἀγραμμάτους καὶ ἰδιώτας τῶν μέγα ἐπὶ σοφίᾳ κομπαζόντων τοσούτῳ σοφωτέρους ἀπέδειξεν, ὅσῳ τῶν μικρῶν παιδίων τοὺς ἔμφρονας ἄνδρας ὑπερέχοντας ἔστιν ἰδεῖν; Τί γὰρ αὐτοῖς βλάβος ἀπὸ τῆς κατὰ τὸν λόγον ἰδιωτείας γένοιτ' ἂν, ὅταν τὰ νοήματα αὐτοῖς πολλῆς γέμῃ σοφίας; τί δὲ ὄφελος τοῖς ἔξωθεν ἀπὸ τῆς τῶν λόγων διδασκαλίας, ὅταν ἐρήμη νοημάτων ἡ διάνοια ᾖ; Ὥσπερ ἂν εἴ τις μάχαιραν ἔχοι τὴν μὲν λαβὴν ἔχουσαν ἀργυρᾶν, τὸ δὲ σιδήριον μολύβδου παντὸς ἀσθενέστερον· καὶ γὰρ καὶ τούτοις ἡ μὲν γλῶττα διὰ ῥημάτων καὶ ὀνομάτων ἐστὶ κεκαλλωπισμένη, ἡ διάνοια δὲ πολλῆς γέμει τῆς ἀσθενείας, καὶ πρὸς ἅπαντα αὐτοῖς, ἐστιν ἄχρηστος· ἀλλὰ οὐχὶ τῶν φιλοσόφων τούτων, ἀλλὰ τοὐναντίον ἅπαν, πολλῆς αὐτοῖς ἡ διάνοια γέμει φιλοσοφίας πνευματικῆς, καὶ ὁ βίος τὰ δόγματα μιμεῖται. Παρὰ τούτοις οὐκ εἰσὶ γυναῖκες θρυπτόμεναι, οὐδὲ ἱματίων καλλωπισμὸς, οὐδὲ ἐπιτρίμματα καὶ ὑπογραφαὶ, ἀλλὰ πᾶσα τοιαύτη διαφθορὰ τρόπων ἀπελήλαται· ὅθεν καὶ εὐκολώτερον τὸν ὑποτεταγμένον αὐτοῖς δῆμον εἰς σωφροσύνην ἄγουσι, καὶ τὸν τοῦ Παύλου νόμον, τὸν κελεύοντα σκεπάσματα ἔχειν καὶ διατροφὰς, καὶ μηδὲν πλέον ἐπιζητεῖν, μετὰ πολλῆς φυλάττουσι τῆς ἀκριβείας. Παρὰ τούτοις οὐκ ἔστιν ἀλοιφὴ μύρων καταγοητεύουσα τὴν διάνοιαν, ἀλλ' ἡ γῆ βοτάνας ἐκφέρουσα παντὸς μυρεψοῦ σοφώτερον αὐτοῖς κατασκευάζει τὴν ποικίλην τῶν ἀνθῶν εὐωδίαν. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο αὐτοῖς καὶ τὰ σώματα ὑγιείας ἀπολαύει καθαρᾶς μετὰ τῆς ψυχῆς, ἐπειδὴ πᾶσαν τρυφὴν ἀπήλασαν καὶ τὰ πονηρὰ τῆς μέθης ἐξέβαλον ῥεύματα. καὶ τοσοῦτον ἐσθίουσιν, ὅσον ἀποζῇν. Μὴ τοίνυν ἀπὸ τοῦ σχήματος αὐτῶν καταφρονῶμεν, ἀλλὰ τὴν διάνοιαν αὐτῶν θαυμάζωμεν. Τί γὰρ ὄφελος τῆς ἔξωθεν περιβολῆς, ὅταν ἡ ψυχὴ