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our. But now that Timothy has come to us from you, and has brought us good news of your faith and love, and that you always have a good remembrance of us, longing to see us, just as we also long to see you, for this reason we were comforted, brothers, concerning you, in all our affliction and distress, through your faith, because now we live, if you stand firm in the Lord. For what thanksgiving can we render to God for you, for all the joy with which we rejoice because of you before our God, night and day praying exceedingly, that we may see your face, and supply what is lacking in your faith. Now may our God and Father Himself, and our Lord Jesus Christ, direct our way to you. And may the Lord make you increase and abound in love for one another, and for all, just as we also do for you, so that He may establish your hearts blameless in holiness, before our God and Father at the coming of our Lord Jesus with all His saints. To be afflicted.

CHAPTER 4. Finally, then, brothers, we ask and exhort you in the Lord Jesus,

just as you received from us how you ought to walk and to please God, that you may abound more and more. For you know what commands we gave you through the Lord Jesus. For this is the will of God, your sanctification, that you abstain from sexual immorality, that each one of you know. From here begins the advisory part. For he heard of some of their offenses, fornication and adultery, from which he also dissuades them. And he does not simply say, "Do not do this and that 95.913," but says that they had long ago received the commands from him, through the Lord Jesus, which he exhorts them to keep. For this is the will of God. to possess his own vessel in sanctification and honor, not in the passion of lust. Instead of, the flesh. just like the Gentiles who do not know God. This too is sufficient to dissuade from fornication, for the fornicator to be ranked as such among those who have known God. that no one should transgress and wrong his brother in this matter. Transgressing the commandments of God. And very euphemistically and covertly he named adultery, saying that it is an injustice toward a brother. because the Lord is the avenger of all these things, as we also told you beforehand and solemnly warned you. For God did not call us to impurity, but in holiness. See how He has set the penalty for these things at our feet. Therefore whoever disregards this, disregards not man but God, who has also given His Holy Spirit to us. Now concerning brotherly love, you have no need for me to write to you. For you yourselves are taught by God to love one another. And indeed you do so toward all the brothers who are in all Macedonia. But we urge you, brothers, to abound more and more, and to aspire to live quietly and to mind your own affairs, and to work with your own hands, as we commanded you. so that you may walk properly toward outsiders and be in need of nothing. When you reject, he says, the brother who has received the Holy Spirit through baptism, then you reject not man, but God. But we do not want you to be ignorant, brothers, concerning those who are asleep, so that you may not grieve as others do who have no hope. For if we believe that Jesus died and rose again, even so God will bring with Him those who have fallen asleep in Jesus. For this we say to you by the word of the Lord. He moves on to the discussion concerning the resurrection. See how wonderfully he constructed the argument, taking the resurrection of the Lord as proof of our resurrection. For He raised all men through His own flesh. Therefore He is also called the firstborn from the dead. And "by the word of the Lord," he says, to speak the word, so that they may have confidence concerning what has been declared. that we who are alive, who are left until the coming of the Lord. He says this, not that he himself remained

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ἡμῶν. Ἄρτι δὲ ἐλθόντος Τιμοθέου πρὸς ἡμᾶς ἀφ' ὑμῶν, καὶ εὐαγγελισαμένου ἡμῖν τὴν πίστιν καὶ τὴν ἀγάπην ὑμῶν, καὶ ὅτι ἔχετε μνείαν ἡμῶν ἀγαθὴν πάντοτε, ἐπιποθοῦντες ἡμᾶς ἰδεῖν, καθάπερ καὶ ἡμεῖς ὑμᾶς, διὰ τοῦτο παρεκλήθημεν, ἀδελφοὶ, ἐφ' ὑμῖν, ἐπὶ πάσῃ τῇ θλίψει καὶ ἀνάγκῃ ἡμῶν, διὰ τῆς ὑμῶν πίστεως, ὅτι νῦν ζῶμεν, ἐὰν ὑμεῖς στήκητε ἐν Κυρίῳ. Τίνα γὰρ εὐχαριστίαν δυνάμεθα τῷ Θεῷ ἀνταποδοῦναι περὶ ὑμῶν, ἐπὶ πάσῃ τῇ χαρᾷ, ᾗ χαίρομεν δι' ὑμᾶς ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡμῶν νυκτὸς καὶ ἡμέρας ὑπερεκπερισσοῦ δεόμενοι, τὸ μὲν ἰδεῖν ὑμῶν τὸ πρόσωπον, καὶ καταρτίσαι ὑστερήματα τῆς πίστεως ὑμῶν. Αὐτὸς δὲ ὁ Θεὸς καὶ Πατὴρ ἡμῶν, καὶ ὁ Κύριος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς κατευθύναι τὴν ὁδὸν ἡμῶν πρὸς ὑμᾶς. Ὑμᾶς δὲ ὁ Κύριος πλεονάσαι, καὶ περισσεύσαι τῇ ἀγάπῃ εἰς ἀλλήλους, καὶ εἰς πάντας, καθάπερ καὶ ἡμεῖς εἰς ὑμᾶς, εἰς τὸ στηρίξαι ὑμῶν τὰς καρδίας ἀμέμπτους ἐν ἁγιωσύνῃ, ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ Πατρὸς ἡμῶν, ἐν τῇ παρουσίᾳ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ, μετὰ πάντων τῶν ἁγίων αὐτοῦ. Εἰς τὸ θλίβεσθαι.

ΚΕΦΑΛ. ∆ʹ. Λοιπὸν οὖν, ἀδελφοὶ, ἐρωτῶμεν ὑμᾶς, καὶ παρακαλοῦμεν ἐν Κυρίῳ Ἰησοῦ,

καθὼς παρελάβετε παρ' ἡμῶν τὸ πῶς δεῖ ὑμᾶς περιπατεῖν, καὶ ἀρέσκειν Θεῷ, ἵνα περισσεύητε μᾶλλον. Οἴδατε γὰρ τίνας παραγγελίας ἐδώκαμεν ὑμῖν διὰ τοῦ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ. Τοῦτο γάρ ἐστι τὸ θέλημα τοῦ Θεοῦ, ὁ ἁγιασμὸς ὑμῶν, ἀπέχεσθαι ὑμᾶς ἀπὸ τῆς πορνείας, εἰδέναι ἕκαστον ὑμῶν. Ἄρχεται ἐντεῦθεν τοῦ συμβουλευτικοῦ. Ἤκουσε γὰρ αὐτῶν τινα πταίσματα, πορνείαν καὶ μοιχείαν, ὧν καὶ ἀποτρέπει. Καὶ οὐχ ἁπλῶς φησι, Τὸ καὶ τὸ 95.913 μὴ ποιεῖτε, ἀλλὰ τὰς παραγγελίας αὐτοὺς ἐκ πάλαι εἰληφέναι παρ' αὐτοῦ φησι, διὰ τοῦ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ, ἃς φυλάττειν παρακελεύεται. Τοῦτο γάρ ἐστι θέλημα τοῦ Θεοῦ. Τὸ ἑαυτοῦ σκεῦος κτᾶσθαι ἐν ἁγιασμῷ καὶ τιμῇ, μὴ ἐν πάθει ἐπιθυμίας. Ἀντὶ τοῦ, τὴν σάρκα. Καθάπερ καὶ τὰ ἔθνη τὰ μὴ εἰδότα τὸν Θεόν. Ἱκανὸν καὶ τοῦτο τοῦ ἀποτρέψαι τῆς πορνείας, τὸ μετὰ τῶν ἐπεγνωκότων τὸν Θεὸν τὸν πορνεύοντα τάττεσθαι. Τὸ μὴ ὑπερβαίνειν καὶ πλεονεκτεῖν ἐν τῷ πράγματι τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ. Ὑπερβαίνειν μὲν τὰς τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐντολάς. Εὐφήμως δὲ σφόδρα, καὶ ἐπικεκαλυμμένως τὴν μοιχείαν ὠνόμασε, τὴν εἰς ἀδελφὸν ἀδικίαν αὐτὴν εἶναι λέγων. ∆ιότι ἔκδικος ὁ Κύριος περὶ πάντων τούτων, καθὼς καὶ προείπομεν ὑμῖν, καὶ διεμαρτυράμεθα. Οὐ γὰρ ἐκάλεσεν ἡμᾶς ὁ Θεὸς ἐπὶ ἀκαθαρσίᾳ, ἀλλ' ἐν ἁγιασμῷ. Ὅρα πῶς παρὰ πόδας ἔθηκε τὴν ὑπὲρ τούτων δίκην. Τοιγαροῦν ὁ ἀθετῶν, οὐκ ἄνθρωπον ἀθετεῖ, ἀλλὰ τὸν Θεὸν, τὸν καὶ δόντα τὸ Πνεῦμα αὐτοῦ τὸ ἅγιον εἰς ὑμᾶς. Περὶ δὲ τῆς φιλαδελφίας, οὐ χρείαν ἔχετε γράφειν ὑμῖν. Αὐτοὶ γὰρ ὑμεῖς θεοδίδακτοί ἐστε, εἰς τὸ ἀγαπᾷν ἀλλήλους. Καὶ γὰρ ποιεῖτε αὐτὸ εἰς πάντας τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς τοὺς ἐν ὅλῃ τῇ Μακεδονίᾳ. Παρακαλοῦμεν δὲ ὑμᾶς, ἀδελφοὶ, περισσεύειν μᾶλλον, καὶ φιλοτιμεῖσθαι, ἡσυχάζειν καὶ πράσσειν τὰ ἴδια, καὶ ἐργάζεσθαι ταῖς ἰδίαις χερσὶν ὑμῶν, καθὼς ὑμῖν παρηγγείλαμεν. Ἵνα περιπατῆτε εὐσχημόνως πρὸς τοὺς ἔξω, καὶ μηδενὸς χρείαν ἔχητε. Ὅταν ἀθετήσῃς, φησὶν, τὸν ἀδελφὸν, τὸν λαβόντα διὰ τοῦ βαπτίσματος τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον, τότε οὐκ ἄνθρωπον, ἀλλὰ τὸν Θεὸν ἀθετεῖς. Οὐ θέλωμεν δὲ ὑμᾶς ἀγνοεῖν, ἀδελφοὶ, περὶ τῶν κοιμωμένων, ἵνα μὴ λυπῆσθε, καθὼς καὶ οἱ λοιποὶ, οἱ μὴ ἔχοντες ἐλπίδα. Εἰ γὰρ πιστεύομεν ὅτι Ἰησοῦς ἀπέθανε, καὶ ἀνέστη, οὕτω καὶ ὁ Θεὸς τοὺς κοιμηθέντας διὰ Ἰησοῦ ἄξει σὺν αὐτῷ. Τοῦτο γὰρ ὑμῖν λέγομεν ἐν λόγῳ Κυρίου. Μεταβαίνει ἐπὶ τὸν περὶ ἀναστάσεως λόγον. Ὅρα δὲ πῶς θαυμαστῶς κατεσκεύασε τὸ ὁμολογούμενον, λαβὼν τὴν ἀνάστασιν τοῦ Κυρίου εἰς πίστωσιν τῆς ἡμετέρας ἀναστάσεως. Πάντας γὰρ ἀνθρώπους ἀνέστησε διὰ τῆς ἰδίας σαρκός. ∆ιὸ καὶ πρωτότοκος ἐκ τῶν νεκρῶν λέγεται. Ἐν λόγῳ δὲ Κυρίου, τὸ ῥῆμα λέγειν, φησὶν, ἵνα θαῤῥῶσι περὶ τῶν ἀποφηναμένων. Ὅτι ἡμεῖς οἱ ζῶντες, οἱ περιλειπόμενοι εἰς τὴν παρουσίαν τοῦ Κυρίου. Τοῦτό φησιν, οὐχ ὅτι αὐτὸς ἔμεινε