Clement of Alexandria, The Stromata, or Miscellanies

He never remembers those who have sinned against him, but forgives them. Wherefore also he righteously prays, saying, “Forgive us; for we also forgive.”1813 Matt. vi. 12; Luke xi. 4. For this also is one of the things which God wishes, to covet nothing, to hate no one. For all men are the work of one will. And is it not the Saviour, who wishes the Gnostic to be perfect as “the heavenly Father,”1814 Matt. v. 48. that is, Himself, who says, “Come, ye children, hear from me the fear of the Lord?”1815 Ps. xxxiv. 11. He wishes him no longer to stand in need of help by angels, but to receive it from Himself, having become worthy, and to have protection from Himself by obedience.

Such an one demands from the Lord, and does not merely ask. And in the case of his brethren in want, the Gnostic will not ask himself for abundance of wealth to bestow, but will pray that the supply of what they need may be furnished to them. For so the Gnostic gives his prayer to those who are in need, and by his prayer they are supplied, without his knowledge, and without vanity.

Penury and disease, and such trials, are often sent for admonition, for the correction of the past, and for care for the future. Such an one prays for relief from them, in virtue of possessing the prerogative of knowledge, not out of vainglory; but from the very fact of his being a Gnostic, he works beneficence, having become the instrument of the goodness of God.

They say in the traditions1816 [See book ii. p. 358, also book vii. cap. 17, infra.] that Matthew the apostle constantly said, that “if the neighbour of an elect man sin, the elect man has sinned. For had he conducted himself as the Word prescribes, his neighbour also would have been filled with such reverence for the life he led as not to sin.”

What, then, shall we say of the Gnostic himself? “Know ye not,” says the apostle, “that ye are the temple of God?”1817 1 Cor. iii. 16. The Gnostic is consequently divine, and already holy, God-bearing, and God-borne. Now the Scripture, showing that sinning is foreign to him, sells those who have fallen away to strangers, saying, “Look not on a strange woman, to lust,”1818 These words are not found in Scripture. Solomon often warns against strange women, and there are the Lord’s words in Matt. v. 28. plainly pronounces sin foreign and contrary to the nature of the temple of God. Now the temple is great, as the Church, and it is small, as the man who preserves the seed of Abraham. He, therefore, who has God resting in him will not desire aught else. At once leaving all hindrances, and despising all matter which distracts him, he cleaves the heaven by knowledge. And passing through the spiritual Essences, and all rule and authority, he touches the highest thrones, hasting to that alone for the sake of which alone he knew.

Mixing, then, “the serpent with the dove,”1819 Matt. x. 16. he lives at once perfectly and with a good conscience, mingling faith with hope, in order to the expectation of the future. For he is conscious of the boon he has received, having become worthy of obtaining it; and is translated from slavery to adoption, as the consequence of knowledge; knowing God, or rather known of Him, for the end, he puts forth energies corresponding to the worth of grace. For works follow knowledge, as the shadow the body.

Rightly, then, he is not disturbed by anything which happens; nor does he suspect those things, which, through divine arrangement, take place for good. Nor is he ashamed to die, having a good conscience, and being fit to be seen by the Powers. Cleansed, so to speak, from all the stains of the soul, he knows right well that it will be better with him after his departure.

Whence he never prefers pleasure and profit to the divine arrangement, since he trains himself by the commands, that in all things he may be well pleasing to the Lord, and praiseworthy in the sight of the world, since all things depend on the one Sovereign God. The Son of God, it is said, came to His own, and His own received Him not. Wherefore also in the use of the things of the world he not only gives thanks and praises the creation, but also, while using them as is right, is praised; since the end he has in view terminates in contemplation by gnostic activity in accordance with the commandments.

Thence now, by knowledge collecting materials to be the food of contemplation, having embraced nobly the magnitude of knowledge, he advances to the holy recompense of translation hence. For he has heard the Psalm which says: “Encircle Zion, and encompass it, tell upon its towers.”1820 Ps. xlviii. 12. For it intimates, I think, those who have sublimely embraced the Word, so as to become lofty towers, and to stand firmly in faith and knowledge.

Let these statements concerning the Gnostic, containing the germs of the matter in as brief terms as possible, be made to the Greeks. But let it be known that if the [mere] believer do rightly one or a second of these things, yet he will not do so in all nor with the highest knowledge, like the Gnostic.

Οὐδέποτε τῶν εἰς αὐτὸν ἁμαρτησάντων μέμνηται, ἀλλὰ ἀφίησι. διὸ καὶ δικαίως εὔχεται, ἄφες ἡμῖν λέγων· καὶ γὰρ ἡμεῖς ἀφίεμεν· ἓν γάρ ἐστι καὶ τοῦτο ὧν ὁ θεὸς βούλεται, μηδενὸς ἐπιθυμεῖν, μηδένα μισεῖν· ἑνὸς γὰρ θελήματος ἔργον οἱ πάντες ἄνθρωποι. καὶ μή τι τὸν γνωστικὸν τέλειον εἶναι βουλόμενος ὁ σωτὴρ ἡμῶν ὡς τὸν οὐράνιον πατέρα, τουτέστιν ἑαυτόν, ὁ λέγων δεῦτε, τέκνα, ἀκούσατέ μου φόβον κυρίου, οὐ τῆς δι' ἀγγέλων βοηθείας ἐπιδεῆ ἔτι εἶναι βούλεται τοῦτον, παρ' ἑαυτοῦ δὲ ἄξιον γενόμενον λαμβάνειν, καὶ τὴν φρουρὰν ἔχειν παρ' ἑαυτοῦ διὰ τῆς εὐπειθείας; ὁ τοιοῦτος ἀπαιτεῖ παρὰ κυρίου, οὐχὶ δὲ καὶ αἰτεῖ. καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν πενομένων ἀδελφῶν οὐκ αὐτὸς αἰτήσεται ὁ γνωστικὸς οὐ χρημάτων περιουσίαν εἰς μετάδοσιν, ἐκείνοις δὲ ὧν δέονται χορηγίαν εὔξεται γενέσθαι. δίδωσι γὰρ οὕτως καὶ τὴν εὐχὴν τοῖς δεομένοις ὁ γνωστικὸς καὶ τὸ διὰ τῆς εὐχῆς ἀγνώστως ἅμα καὶ ἀτύφως παρέχεται. πενία μὲν οὖν πολλάκις καὶ νόσος καὶ τοιαῦται πεῖραι ἐπὶ νουθεσίᾳ προσφέρονται καὶ πρὸς διόρθωσιν τῶν παρεληλυθότων καὶ πρὸς ἐπιστροφὴν τῶν μελλόντων. ὁ τοιοῦτος τὸν ἐπικουφισμὸν τούτοις αἰτούμενος, ἅτε τὸ ἐξαίρετον τῆς γνώσεως ἔχων, οὐ διὰ κενοδοξίαν, ἀλλὰ δι' αὐτὸ τὸ εἶναι γνωστικός, αὐτὸς ἐργάζεται τὴν εὐποιίαν, ὄργανον γενόμενος τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ ἀγαθότητος. Λέγουσι δὲ ἐν ταῖς Παραδόσεσι Ματθίαν τὸν ἀπόστολον παρ' ἕκαστα εἰρηκέναι ὅτι ἐὰν ἐκλεκτοῦ γείτων ἁμαρτήσῃ, ἥμαρτεν ὁ ἐκλεκτός· εἰ γὰρ οὕτως ἑαυτὸν ἦγεν, ὡς ὁ λόγος ὑπαγορεύει, κατῃδέσθη ἂν αὐτοῦ τὸν βίον καὶ ὁ γείτων εἰς τὸ μὴ ἁμαρτεῖν. τί τοίνυν περὶ αὐτοῦ τοῦ γνωστικοῦ φήσαιμεν [ἄν]; ἢ οὐκ οἴδατε, φησὶν ὁ ἀπόστολος, ὅτι ναός ἐστε τοῦ θεοῦ; θεῖος ἄρα ὁ γνωστικὸς καὶ ἤδη ἅγιος, θεοφορῶν καὶ θεοφορούμενος. αὐτίκα τὸ ἁμαρτῆσαι ἀλλότριον παριστᾶσα ἡ γραφὴ τοὺς μὲν παραπεσόντας τοῖς ἀλλοφύλοις πιπράσκει· μὴ ἐμβλέψῃς δὲ πρὸς ἐπιθυμίαν ἀλλοτρίᾳ γυναικὶ λέγουσα, ἄντικρυς ἀλλότριον καὶ παρὰ φύσιν τοῦ ναοῦ τοῦ θεοῦ τὴν ἁμαρτίαν λέγει. ναὸς δέ ἐστιν ὃ μὲν μέγας, ὡς ἡ ἐκκλησία, ὃ δὲ μικρός, ὡς ὁ ἄνθρωπος ὁ τὸ σπέρμα σῴζων τὸ Ἀβραάμ. οὐκ ἄρα ἐπιθυμήσει τινὸς ἑτέρου ὁ ἔχων ἀναπαυόμενον τὸν θεόν. αὐτίκα πάντα τὰ ἐμποδὼν καταλιπὼν καὶ πᾶσαν τὴν περισπῶσαν αὐτὸν ὕλην ὑπερηφανήσας τέμνει διὰ τῆς ἐπιστήμης τὸν οὐρανόν, καὶ διελθὼν τὰς πνετματικὰς οὐσίας καὶ πᾶσαν ἀρχὴν καὶ ἐξουσίαν ἅπτεται τῶν θρόνων τῶν ἄκρων, ἐπ' ἐκεῖνο μόνον ἱέμενος, ἐφ' ὃ ἔγνω μόνον. μείξας οὖν τῇ περιστερᾷ τὸν ὄφιν τελείως ἅμα καὶ εὐσυνειδήτως βιοῖ. πίστιν ἐλπίδι κεράσας πρὸς τὴν τοῦ μέλλοντος ἀπεκδοχήν. αἴσθεται γὰρ τῆς δωρεᾶς ἧς ἔλαβεν ἄξιος γενόμενος τοῦ τυχεῖν, καὶ μετατεθεὶς ἐκ δουλείας εἰς υἱοθεσίαν, ἀν ἀκόλουθα τῇ ἐπιστήμῃ μήτε μὴ (γνοὺς τὸν θεὸν μᾶλλον δὲ γνωσθείς τε πρὸς αὐτοῦ) ἐπιτελεῖ, πρὸς ἀξίαν τῆς χάριτος ἐνδεικνύμενος τὰ ἐνεργήματα. ἕπεται γὰρ τὰ ἔργα τῇ γνώσει ὡς τῷ σώματι ἡ σκιά. Ἐπ' οὐδενὶ τοίνυν εἰκότως ταράσσεται τῶν συμβαινόντων οὐδὲ ὑποπτεύει τῶν κατὰ τὴν οἰκονομίαν ἐπὶ τῷ συμφέροντι γινομένων [οὐδὲν] οὐδὲ αἰσχύνεται ἀποθανεῖν, εὐσυνείδητος ὢν ταῖς ἐξουσίαις ὀφθῆναι, πάντας ὡς ἔπος εἰπεῖν τοὺς τῆς ψυχῆς ἀποκεκαθαρμένος σπίλους, ὅ γε εὖ μάλα ἐπιστάμενος ἄμεινον αὐτῷ μετὰ τὴν ἔξοδον γενήσεσθαι. ὅθεν οὐδέποτε τὸ ἡδὺ καὶ τὸ συμφέρον προκρίνει τῆς οἰκονομίας, γυμνάζων ἑαυτὸν διὰ τῶν ἐντολῶν, ἵνα καὶ πρὸς τὸν κύριον εὐάρεστος ἐν πᾶσι γένηται καὶ πρὸς τὸν κόσμον ἐπαινετός, ἐπεὶ τὰ πάντα [ἐφ'] ἑνὸς τοῦ παντοκράτορος θεοῦ ἵσταται. εἰς τὰ ἴδια, φησίν, ἦλθεν ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ οἱ ἴδιοι αὐτὸν οὐκ ἐδέξαντο. διὸ καὶ κατὰ τὴν τῶν κοσμικῶν χρῆσιν οὐ μόνον εὐχαριστεῖ καὶ θαυμάζει τὴν κτίσιν, ἀλλὰ καὶ χρώμενος ὡς προσῆκεν ἐπαινεῖται, ἐπεὶ τὸ τέλος αὐτῷ δι' ἐνεργείας γνωστικῆς τῆς κατὰ τὰς ἐντολὰς εἰς θεωρίαν περαιοῦται. ἐνθένδε ἤδη, δι' ἐπιστήμης τὰ ἐφόδια τῆς θεωρίας καρπούμενος μεγαλοφρόνως τε τὸ τῆς γνώσεως ἀναδεξάμενος μέγεθος, πρόεισιν ἐπὶ τὴν ἁγίαν τῆς μεταθέσεως ἀμοιβήν. ἀκήκοεν γὰρ τοῦ ψαλμοῦ λέγοντος· κυκλώσατε Σιὼν καὶ περιλάβετε αὐτήν, διηγήσασθε ἐν τοῖς πύργοις αὐτῆς. αἰνίσσεται γάρ, οἶμαι, τοὺς ὑψηλῶς προσδεξαμένους τὸν λόγον ὑψηλοὺς ὡς πύργους ἔσεσθαι καὶ βεβαίως ἔν τε τῇ πίστει καὶ τῇ γνώσει στήσεσθαι.