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confusing the unity or dividing the one God into three gods? Or those who say that Christ is the Son of God, but do not believe that he took his flesh from a woman? Or those who babble that he assumed flesh, but without a soul? Or those who say that this flesh was ensouled, as a whole man, but that the Son of God, who was also called the Son of the Theotokos Mary, is not one God in hypostasis, but who divide the one Christ into two sons? But not those who ascribe a beginning to the beginningless Father and say, "There was, when he was not"? Or those who wrongly both think and dogmatize that the Father is beginningless, but the Son, as one begotten of him, received a beginning after some time, as a creature?

(377) For there was never a time, he says, when the Father existed without the Son with him; and how shall a childless one be called Father? But not those who preach that one suffered, and another rose again? Away with it! I speak to you of none of these impious and godless ones, nor of any of the other heresies, which appeared as darkness, but were made to disappear by the holy fathers who shone at that time. For to such an extent did the grace of the All-Holy Spirit shine through them and drive away the darkness of the aforementioned heresies, that even until now their God-inspired writings shine brighter than the rays of the sun, so that no one dares to speak against them.

But I am speaking about those and I call those heretics, who say that there is no one in our times and in our midst who is able to keep the evangelical commandments and become like the holy fathers; first of all, faithful and active—for faith is shown by works, as the likeness of the face by the mirror—then at once most contemplative and a seer of God, that is, in being enlightened and receiving the Holy Spirit and through Him beholding the Son with the Father. Those, therefore, who say this is impossible possess not some partial heresy, but all of them, if it is possible to say, as this one surpasses and covers all those others in impiety and excess of blasphemy. The one who says this overturns all the divine Scriptures. In vain, I think, does the vain man say that the holy Gospel is now read, in vain does he protest that the writings of Basil the Great and the rest of our holy priests and fathers are read or were even written. (378) If, then, what God says and all the saints first of all did, and then also writing left behind for our admonition, is impossible for us to do in deed and to keep unfailingly, why did they labor then and write, and why are they read in church now? Those who say these things shut the heaven that Christ opened for us, and cut off the ascent to it, which he himself inaugurated for us. For while he who is God over all stands, as it were, at the gate of heaven from above and peeps through and is seen by the faithful and cries out through the holy Gospel and says: "Come to me, all who labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest," these adversaries of God or, rather, antichrists say: "This is impossible, impossible!".

To them the Master reasonably says in a loud voice: "Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees! Woe to you, blind guides of the blind, for you neither enter into the kingdom yourselves nor allow those who want to enter." While He openly blesses those who mourn now, these men say it is impossible for anyone to mourn and weep every day. O the insensibility and the unbridled mouth, which sends forth profane words against God the Most High and makes the sheep of Christ become prey to wild beasts, for whom the Only-begotten Son of God himself shed his blood. Truly, well does the forefather of God (379) David say concerning such men: "Sons of men, whose teeth are weapons and arrows; and their tongue a sharp sword."

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ἑνάδα συγχέοντας ἤ τόν ἕνα Θεόν εἰς τρεῖς θεούς διατέμνοντας; Μή τούς Υἱόν μέν εἶναι τοῦ Θεοῦ τόν Χριστόν λέγοντας, ἐκ γυναικός δέ λαβεῖν τήν σάρκα τοῦτον μή πιστεύοντας; Μή τούς σάρκα μέν αὐτόν ἀναλαβεῖν, ἀλλά ἄψυχον φλυαροῦντας; Μή τούς ἔμψυχον μέν ταύτην, ὡς ὅλον ἄνθρωπον, οὐχ ἕνα δέ κατά τήν ὑπόστασιν τόν Υἱόν τοῦ Θεοῦ, τόν καί Υἱόν τῆς Θεοτόκου Μαρίας χρηματίσαντα, Θεόν εἶναι λέγοντας, ἀλλ᾿ εἰς δύο υἱούς τόν ἕνα Χριστόν διατέμνοντας; Ἀλλά μή τούς τῷ ἀνάρχῳ Πατρί ἀρχήν περιγράφοντας καί τό "Ἦν, ὅτε οὐκ ἦν" λέγοντας; Ἤ τούς τόν Πατέρα μέν ἄναρχον, τόν δέ Υἱόν, ὡς ἐξ αὐτοῦ γεννηθέντα, ἀρχήν μετά τινα χρόνον λαβεῖν ὡς κτίσμα, κακῶς καί νοοῦντας καί δογματίζοντας;

(377) Οὐκ ἦν γάρ ποτε, φησίν, ὁ Πατήρ μή συνόντος αὐτῷ τοῦ Υἱοῦ· καί πῶς Πατήρ ὁ ἄπαις ὀνομασθήσεται; Ἀλλά μή τούς ἄλλον μέν τόν παθόντα, ἄλλον δέ εἶναι τόν ἀναστάντα κηρύττοντας; Ἄπαγε! Οὐδένα τούτων σοι τῶν ἀσεβῶν καί ἀθέων, οὐδέ τῶν ἄλλων αἱρέσεών τινα λέγω, τῶν ὡς σκότος μέν φανέντων, ὑπό δέ τῶν τότε λαμψάντων ἁγίων πατέρων ἐξαφανισθέντων. Ἐπί τοσοῦτον γάρ ἡ χάρις τοῦ Παναγίου Πνεύματος ἔλαμψε δι᾿ αὐτῶν καί τῶν εἰρημένων αἱρέσεων τό σκότος ἐδίωξεν, ὅτι καί μέχρι τοῦ νῦν τά θεόπνευστα αὐτῶν συγγράμματα λάμπουσιν ὑπέρ ἡλίου αὐγάς, ὡς μηδέ τολμᾶν αὐτοῖς τινα ἀντιφθέγγεσθαι.

Ἀλλά περί ἐκείνων λέγω καί ἐκείνους ὀνομάζω αἱρετικούς, τούς λέγοντας μή εἶναί τινα ἐν τοῖς καθ᾿ ἡμᾶς χρόνοις καί ἐν μέσῳ ἡμῶν τόν δυνάμενον φυλάξαι τάς εὐαγγελικάς ἐντολάς καί κατά τούς ἁγίους γενέσθαι πατέρας· πρῶτον μέν πάντων πιστόν καί πρακτικόν - διά γάρ τῶν ἔργων ἡ πίστις δείκνυται, ὡς διά τοῦ ἐσόπτρου ἡ τοῦ προσώπου ἐμφέρεια, ἔπειτα θεωρητικώτατόν τε ὁμοῦ καί θεόπτην, ἐν τῷ φωτισθῆναι δηλαδή καί λαβεῖν Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον καί δι᾿ αὐτοῦ τόν Υἱόν σύν τῷ Πατρί κατιδεῖν. Οἱ τοίνυν τοῦτο ἀδύνατον εἶναι λέγοντες οὐ μερικήν τινα αἵρεσιν κέκτηνται, ἀλλά πάσας, εἰ οἷόν τε εἰπεῖν, ὡς ταύτης πάσας ἐκείνας τῇ ἀσεβείᾳ καί τῇ τῆς βλασφημίας ὑπερβολῇ ὑπεραιρούσης καί καλυπτούσης. Ὁ τοῦτο λέγων ἀνατρέπει πάσας τάς θείας Γραφάς. Εἰς μάτην, οἶμαι, λέγει ὁ μάταιος τό ἅγιον ἄρτι λέγεσθαι Εὐαγγέλιον, εἰς μάτην τάς τοῦ Μεγάλου Βασιλείου καί τῶν λοιπῶν ἱερέων καί ὁσίων πατέρων ἡμῶν γραφάς ἀναγινώσκεσθαι ἤ καί γραφῆναι διαμαρτύρεται. (378) Εἰ οὖν ἅ ὁ Θεός λέγει καί πάντες οἱ ἅγιοι πρῶτον μέν ἅπαντα ἔπραξαν, εἶτα καί γράψαντες εἰς νουθεσίαν ἡμῶν κατέλιπον, ἀδύνατον ἡμῖν ἔργῳ ταῦτα ποιῆσαι καί ἀπαραλείπτως φυλάξαι, τί ὅτι καί τότε ἐκεῖνοι κοπιάσαντες ἔγραψαν καί νῦν ἐπί ἐκκλησίας ἀναγινώσκονται; Οἱ ταῦτα λέγοντες τόν οὐρανόν, ὅν ὁ Χριστός ἡμῖν ἤνοιξε, κλείουσι καί τήν πρός ἐκεῖνον ἄνοδον, ἥν αὐτός ἐκεῖνος ἡμῖν ἐνεκαίνισε, διακόπτουσιν. Ἄνωθεν γάρ ἐκείνου τοῦ ἐπί πάντων Θεοῦ πρός τῇ πύλῃ οἱονεί τοῦ οὐρανοῦ ἱσταμένου καί διακύπτοντος καί ὑπό τῶν πιστῶν ὁρωμένου καί διά τοῦ ἁγίου Εὐαγγελίου βοῶντος καί λέγοντος· "∆εῦτε πρός με πάντες οἱ κοπιῶντες καί πεφορτισμένοι κἀγώ ἀναπαύσω ὑμᾶς", οἱ ἀντίθεοι οὗτοι ἤ, μᾶλλον εἰπεῖν, ἀντίχριστοι λέγουσιν· "Ἀδύνατον τοῦτο, ἀδύνατον! ".

Πρός οὕς εἰκότως ὁ ∆εσπότης μεγαλοφώνως φησίν· "Οὐαί ὑμῖν, γραμματεῖς καί φαρισαῖοι ! Οὐαί ὑμῖν ὁδηγοί τυφλοί τυφλῶν, ὅτι ὑμεῖς εἰς τήν βασιλείαν οὐκ εἰσέρχεσθε καί τούς θέλοντας εἰσελθεῖν κωλύετε". Ἐκείνου τούς νῦν πενθοῦντας ἀναφανδόν μακαρίζοντος, οὗτοι ἀδύνατον φασιν καθ᾿ ἑκάστην πενθεῖν καί κλαίειν τινά. Ὤ τῆς ἀναισθησίας καί τοῦ ἀπυλώτου στόματος, μιαράς ἐκπέμποντος κατά τοῦ Θεοῦ τοῦ Ὑψίστου φωνάς καί τά τοῦ Χριστοῦ πρόβατα ποιοῦντος γίνεσθαι θηριάλωτα, ὑπέρ ὧν αὐτός ὁ Μονογενής Υἱός τοῦ Θεοοῦ τό αἷμα ἐκένωσεν. Ὄντως καλῶς περί τῶν τοιούτων ὁ θεοπάτωρ (379) λέγει ∆αυίδ· "Υἱοί ἀνθρώπων, οἱ ὀδόντες αὐτῶν ὅπλα καί βέλη· καί ἡ γλῶσσα αὐτῶν μάχαιρα ὀξεῖα".