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making those who were with them. Therefore, while Daniel and the three young men were saying, "We have sinned, we have transgressed;" these say: 55.179 "We have not done wrong in your covenant;" lifting the spirits of their fellow soldiers. For if we have suffered the greatest things, he says, and are descendants of those who received great benefits, and in calamities we have not turned aside, there will be for us great hope of salvation. 8. What I was saying from the beginning, I also say now, that in the form of a prayer they anoint their spirits, as if they were saying to them: For what reason have you despaired of salvation? We have God as our defender; even if we have sinned in some way, we have paid a sufficient penalty; in temptations we have stood nobly; we have as our guide him who always defends even sinners; therefore from every side we must expect a good end. And what is, "We have not done wrong in your covenant?" That is, "We have not done wrong concerning these things with which we were entrusted, but we have kept them with exactness." For it is the greatest injustice when someone transgresses the law that defends, that does not allow one to be wronged even by neighbors, and that prevents evil; when one is ungrateful concerning the one who provides so many good things. And our heart has not turned back. Another says, "It has not withdrawn." And you have not turned our paths from your way. Another says, "Nor have our supports been turned aside." Another, "And our heart has not turned back, and our steps have not declined." What he said before, this he also says here, that in such a great surge of evils they were not shaken even a little. And he spoke well thus. For just as the law leads forward, so lawlessness moves one backward; and just as the law commands to walk the straight way, so lawlessness moves a person to the desolate and impassable way. Therefore, here he calls the law a "way." And the phrase, "You have turned aside," which the others say, "Nor have our supports been turned aside from your way;" the Hebrew says, "vatet asurenu mini orach;" but if one should wish to interpret according to the Septuagint, and not according to the others, the phrase, "You have turned our paths from your way," this is, that "You have removed us from your temple, and made us to be in a foreign land;" which did not allow the rites to be performed. Because you have humbled us in a place of affliction. Another says, "In an uninhabited place." Another, "In a place of Sirens." And the shadow of death has covered us. Another says, "You have put a lid on us." This seems to me to be the response to the things above, in which they narrate the evils, saying, "The shame of my face has covered me, from the voice of one who reproaches and slanders;" Because you have humbled us. If, however, one should take it in relation to, "You have turned our paths from your way," here it has a sequence according to the meaning we have mentioned. For it shows how he pushed them from their paths, I mean from their way of life and laws, by leading them away to deserted places, and leaving them among enemies. For this is the meaning of, "The shadow of death has covered us;" speaking of the dangers that bring forth death, and near which are deaths, just as Scripture also calls them the pangs of death and the gates of Hades. And here he represents the inescapable nature of the terrors through both the shadow and the covering, not being able to find any release, nor even a small 55.180 breath. If we have forgotten the name of our God, and if we have stretched out our hands to a foreign God, will not God search these things out? For he knows the secrets of the heart. This belongs to grateful servants, to remain serving their master while suffering evil; these are the teachings of philosophy. Here they also teach their hearers not to be hypocritical, but to serve God with their whole heart. For he knows, he says, the secrets of the mind. And they say these things to make them afraid, so that nothing

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ποιοῦντες τοὺς ὄντας μετ' αὐτῶν. ∆ιὸ δὴ τοῦ ∆ανιὴλ καὶ τῶν τριῶν παίδων λεγόντων· Ἡμάρτομεν, ἠνομήσαμεν· οὗτοι λέγουσιν· 55.179 Οὐκ ἠδικήσαμεν ἐν διαθήκῃ σου· ἐπαίροντες τὰ φρονήματα τῶν συστρατιωτῶν. Εἰ γὰρ τὰ μέγιστα πεπόνθαμεν, φησὶ, καὶ ἔγγονοι τῶν τὰ μεγάλα εὐηργετημένων ἐσμὲν, καὶ ἐν ταῖς συμφοραῖς οὐκ ἐξεκλίναμεν, πολλῆς σωτηρίας ἡμῖν ἔσται ἐλπίς. ηʹ. Ὅπερ οὖν ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἔλεγον, τοῦτο καὶ νῦν φημι, ὅτι ἐν εὐχῆς τάξει τὰ φρονήματα αὐτῶν ἀλείφουσιν, ὡσανεὶ πρὸς αὐτοὺς ἔλεγον· Τίνος ἕνεκεν ἀπεγνώκατε τῆς σωτηρίας; Θεὸν ἔχομεν τὸν προϊστάμενον ἡμῶν· εἰ καί τι ἡμῖν ἡμάρτηται, δίκην ἔδομεν ἱκανήν· ἐν τοῖς πειρασμοῖς ἑστήκαμεν γενναίως· τὸν ἀεὶ καὶ ἁμαρτωλῶν προϊστάμενον ὁδηγὸν ἔχομεν· διὸ πάντοθεν δεῖ τὸ τέλος προσδοκᾷν χρηστόν. Τί δέ ἐστιν, Οὐκ ἠδικήσαμεν ἐν διαθήκῃ σου; Τουτέστιν, Οὐκ ἠδικήσαμεν περὶ ταῦτα, ἃ ἐπιστεύθημεν, ἀλλ' ἐφυλάξαμεν μετὰ ἀκριβείας. Καὶ γὰρ μεγίστη ἀδικία ἐστὶν, ὅταν τὸν νόμον τις παραβαίνῃ τὸν ἀμύνοντα, τὸν οὐκ ἐῶντα οὐδὲ παρὰ τῶν πλησίον ἀδικεῖσθαι, καὶ τὴν κακίαν κωλύοντα· ὅταν περὶ τὸν τοσαῦτα παρέχοντα ἀγαθὰ ἀγνωμονῇ. Καὶ οὐκ ἀπέστη εἰς τὰ ὀπίσω ἡ καρδία ἡμῶν. Ἄλλος φησὶν, Οὐκ ἀπεχώρησε. Καὶ οὐκ ἐξέκλινας τὰς τρίβους ἡμῶν ἀπὸ τῆς ὁδοῦ σου. Ἄλλος φησὶν, Οὐδὲ μετεκλίθη τὰ ὑπορθοῦντα ἡμᾶς. Ἄλλος, Καὶ οὐκ ἀπεστράφη εἰς τὰ ὀπίσω ἡ καρδία ἡμῶν, καὶ οὐκ ἔκλινε βήματα ἡμῶν. Ὅπερ ἔμπροσθεν εἴρηκε, τοῦτο καὶ ἐνταῦθα λέγει, ὅτι ἐν τοσούτῳ κλύδωνι κακῶν οὐδὲ μικρὸν παρεσαλεύθησαν. Καλῶς δὲ οὕτως εἶπεν. Ὥσπερ γὰρ ὁ νόμος εἰς τὰ ἔμπροσθεν ἄγει, οὕτως ἡ παρανομία εἰς τὰ ὀπίσω μεθίστησι· καὶ ὥσπερ ὁ νόμος τὴν ὀρθὴν ὁδὸν βαδίζειν κελεύει, οὕτως ἡ παρανομία πρὸς τὴν ἔρημον καὶ ἄβατον τὸν ἄνθρωπον μεθίστησιν. Ὁδὸν οὖν τὸν νόμον φησὶν ἐνταῦθα. Τὸ δὲ, Ἐξέκλινας, ὅπερ οἱ ἄλλοι λέγουσιν· Οὐδὲ μετεκλίθη τὰ ὑπορθοῦντα ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ τῆς ὁδοῦ σου· ὁ Ἑβραῖός φησιν· Οὐαθὲτ ἀσουρενοῦ μενὶ ὄραχ· εἰ δὲ κατὰ τοὺς Ἑβδομήκοντα βουληθείη τις ἑρμηνεῦσαι, καὶ οὐ κατὰ τοὺς ἄλλους, τὸ, Ἐξέκλινας τὰς τρίβους ἡμῶν ἀπὸ τῆς ὁδοῦ σου, τοῦτό ἐστιν, ὅτι Ἀπῴκισας τοῦ ναοῦ σου, καὶ ἐν ἀλλοτρίᾳ εἶναι πεποίηκας· ὅπερ οὐκ εἴα τὰς λατρείας ἐπιτελεῖσθαι. Ὅτι ἐταπείνωσας ἡμᾶς ἐν τόπῳ κακώσεως. Ἄλλος φησὶν, Ἀοικήτῳ. Ἄλλος, Ἐν τόπῳ Σειρήνων. Καὶ ἐπεκάλυψεν ἡμᾶς σκιὰ θανάτου. Ἄλλος λέγει, Ἐπώμασας ἡμᾶς. Αὕτη μοι δοκεῖ ἡ ἀνταπόδοσις πρὸς τὰ ἄνω εἶναι, ἐν οἷς τὰ κακὰ διηγοῦνται λέγοντες, Ἡ αἰσχύνη τοῦ προσώπου μου ἐκάλυψέ με, ἀπὸ φωνῆς ὀνειδίζοντος καὶ καταλαλοῦντος· Ὅτι ἐταπείνωσας ἡμᾶς. Εἰ μέντοι πρὸς τὸ, Ἐξέκλινας τὰς τρίβους ἡμῶν ἀπὸ τῆς ὁδοῦ σου, λάβοι τις αὐτὸ, ἐνταῦθα ἀκολουθίαν ἔχει κατὰ τὴν ἔννοιαν, ἣν εἰρήκαμεν. ∆ηλοῖ γὰρ πῶς ἐκ τῶν τρίβων αὐτῶν ἀπώσατο αὐτοὺς, τῆς πολιτείας λέγω καὶ τῶν νομίμων, τὸ εἰς τόπους ἐρήμους ἀπαγαγεῖν, καὶ μεταξὺ πολεμίων ἀφεῖναι. Τοῦτο γάρ ἐστι τὸ, Ἐκάλυψεν ἡμᾶς σκιὰ θανάτου· τοὺς κινδύνους λέγων τοὺς θάνατον τίκτοντας, καὶ ὧν πλησίον οἱ θάνατοι, ὥσπερ καὶ ὠδῖνας θανάτου καὶ πύλας ᾅδου ἡ Γραφὴ καλεῖ. Καὶ τὸ ἄφυκτον τῶν δεινῶν διά τε τῆς σκιᾶς καὶ τῆς ἐπικαλύψεως ἐνταῦθα παρίστησιν, οὐδὲ ἥντινα διάλυσιν εὑρεῖν, οὐδὲ ἀνα 55.180 πνοὴν μικρὰν δυνάμενα. Εἰ ἐπελαθόμεθα τοῦ ὀνόματος τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡμῶν, καὶ εἰ διεπετάσαμεν τὰς χεῖρας ἡμῶν πρὸς Θεὸν ἀλλότριον, οὐχὶ ὁ Θεὸς ἐκζητήσει ταῦτα; Αὐτὸς γὰρ γινώσκει τὰ κρύφια τῆς καρδίας. Τοῦτο οἰκετῶν εὐγνωμόνων, τὸ κακῶς πάσχοντας μένειν τὸν δεσπότην θεραπεύοντας· ταῦτα φιλοσοφίας διδάγματα. Ἐνταῦθα καὶ τοὺς ἀκούοντας παιδεύουσι, μὴ ὑποκρίνεσθαι, ἀλλ' ἐν ὅλῃ καρδίᾳ τὸν Θεὸν θεραπεύειν. Οἶδε γὰρ, φησὶ, τὰ ἀπόῤῥητα τῆς διανοίας. Ταῦτα δὲ λέγουσι φοβοῦντες αὐτοὺς, ὥστε μηδὲν