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Well does the forefather of God (379) David say concerning such things: "Sons of men, their teeth are weapons and arrows; and their tongue a sharp sword."

For why, tell me, is it impossible? And by what other means did the saints shine upon the earth and become lights in the world? If it were impossible, not even they would ever have been able to accomplish these things. For they too were men, just as we are, and they possessed nothing more than we, except for a will toward the good, and zeal and patience and humility and love for God. Acquire these things, therefore, you also, and your soul, which is now stony, will become for you a fountain of tears. But if you do not wish to be afflicted and distressed, at least do not say the thing is impossible. For he who says this denies purification; for from the beginning of time it has not been heard that a soul that has sinned after baptism was purified from the filth of sin without tears. For through baptism God took away every tear from the face of the earth, pouring out His Holy Spirit abundantly. But, as I have heard from the divine Scripture, even in baptism itself, certain adults being baptized, being moved to compunction by the coming of the Spirit, wept; not painful and agonizing tears, but through the energy of the Holy Spirit and by His gift, sweet beyond honey, emptying these out through the eyes somehow without effort and without noise. Those, therefore, who have ever been deemed worthy to have experience of such tears will know the things that have been said and will bear witness that these things are true (380), just as the theological voice will also bear witness with me. For it says: "Let one bring this, and another that," and after enumerating many things in between, after all of them it cried out: "All bring tears, all purification, all ascent and the stretching forward to the things that are before."

Did he then distinguish or separate any from the others in this, and say to some that this is possible, but to others that it is impossible? Did the great Gregory also say this, as you foolishly say—that I may fittingly rebuke you, uncircumcised in heart and ears—that some have received a hard nature and would never be able to be moved to compunction and to weep? May it not be! There is no human nature that does not naturally have tears and weeping and mourning; neither this saint, nor any other of the saints, said or wrote this. And that weeping belongs to all of us by nature, let the newborn infants themselves teach you. For as soon as they come forth from the womb and fall upon the earth, they weep, and this is shown as a sign of life to the midwives and mothers. For if the infant does not weep, it is not even said to be alive; but by weeping, it shows right there that nature has mourning and tears together as consequences from birth. And as our holy father Symeon the Studite also said, that with such weeping a man ought also to live the present life and die with it, if he indeed wishes to be saved and to enter into the blessed life, since the tear of birth is indicative of the tears of our present life here. (381) For just as food and drink are necessary for the body, so also are tears for the soul, so that he who does not weep daily—for I hesitate to say hourly, lest I seem burdensome—is corrupted and perishes from famine of the soul.

If, therefore, weeping and tears are a natural consequence, as has been shown, let no one deny the good of nature, let no one through hesitation and sloth deprive himself of such a good, let no one through malice and wickedness and pride of soul become arrogant and be changed unnaturally into the hardness of a stone, but using the best zeal for the commandments of God, let him guard this great gift, I beseech, inviolate in his own heart, preserving it in simplicity and humility, in innocence of soul and sincerity, in patience of temptations and

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καλῶς περί τῶν τοιούτων ὁ θεοπάτωρ (379) λέγει ∆αυίδ· "Υἱοί ἀνθρώπων, οἱ ὀδόντες αὐτῶν ὅπλα καί βέλη· καί ἡ γλῶσσα αὐτῶν μάχαιρα ὀξεῖα".

∆ιατί γάρ, εἰπέ μοι, ἀδύνατον; ∆ιά τίνος δέ ἄλλου οἱ ἅγιοι ἐπί τῆς γῆς ἔλαμψαν καί φωστῆρες ἐν κόσμῳ γεγόνασιν; Εἰ ἦν ἀδύνατον, οὐδ᾿ ἄν ἐκεῖνοι ταῦτα κατορθῶσαί ποτε ἠδυνήθησαν. Ἄνθρωποι γάρ ὑπῆρχον κἀκεῖνοι, ὡς καί ἡμεῖς, καί οὐδέν πλέον ἡμῶν ἐκέκτηντο, εἰ μή προαίρεσιν εἰς τό ἀγαθόν, σπουδήν τε καί ὑπομονήν καί ταπείνωσιν καί ἀγάπην πρός τόν Θεόν. Ταῦτα τοιγαροῦν κτῆσαι καί αὐτός, καί γενήσεταί σοι πηγή δακρύων ἡ νυνί πετρώδης ὑπάρχουσα ψυχή. Εἰ δέ σύ μή θέλεις θλιβῆναι καί στενοχωρηθῆναι, κἄν τό πρᾶγμα μή λέγε εἶναι ἀδύνατον. Ὁ γάρ τοῦτο λέγων ἀπαρνεῖται τήν κάθαρσιν· χωρίς γάρ δακρύων οὐκ ἠκούσθη ἀπό τοῦ αἰῶνος καθαρθῆναι ψυχήν τοῦ ῥύπου τῆς ἁμαρτίας, τήν μετά τό βάπτισμα ἁμαρτήσασαν. ∆ιά γάρ τοῦ βαπτίσματος ἀφεῖλεν ὁ Θεός πᾶν δάκρυον ἀπό προσώπου τῆς γῆς, ἐκχέας τό Πνεῦμα τό Ἅγιον αὐτοῦ πλουσίως. Ἀλλά, ὡς παρά τῆς θείας Γραφῆς ἀκήκοα, καί ἐν αὐτῷ τῷ βαπτίσματι ἡλικιῶταί τινες βαπτιζόμενοι, τῇ ἐπελεύσει κατανυγέντες τοῦ Πνεύματος, ἐδάκρυσαν· οὐχί ἐνώδυνα καί ἐπίπονα δάκρυα, ἀλλ᾿ ἐνεργείᾳ τοῦ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος καί δωρεᾷ τῇ ἐκείνου γλυκέα ὑπέρ μέλι, ἀπονητί πως καί ἀψοφητί διά τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν ταῦτα κενώσαντες. Οἱ οὖν καταξιωθέντες ποτέ ἐν πείρᾳ τοιούτων δακρύων γενέσθαι τά εἰρημένα γνωρίσουσι καί ἀληθῆ ταῦτα εἶναι (380) συμμαρτυρήσουσιν, ὥς μοι καί ἡ θεολόγος συμμαρτυρήσει φωνή. Φησί γάρ· "Προσφερέτω τις, ὁ μέν τόδε, ὁ δέ τόδε", καί πολλά ἐν μέσῳ ἀπαριθμησάμενος, ὕστερον πάντων ἐβόησε· "Πάντες δάκρυα, πάντες κάθαρσιν, πάντες ἀνάβασιν καί τό τοῖς ἔμπροσθεν ἐπεκτείνεσθαι".

Μή τι οὖν διεστείλατο ἤ διεχώρισεν ἐν τούτῳ τῶν ἄλλων τινάς, καί τοῖς μέν ὡς δυνατόν εἶναι τοῦτο ἔφησε, τοῖς δέ ὡς ἀδύνατον; Μή, ὡς ὑμεῖς φατε ἀσυνέτως ἵνα καί ἀξίως καθάψωμαι ὑμῶν, ἀπερίτμητοι ταῖς καρδίαις καί τοῖς ὠσίν , ὅτι τινές ἔλαχον φύσεως σκληρᾶς καί οὐκ ἄν ποτε δυνηθεῖεν κατανυγῆναι καί κλαῦσαι, τοῦτο καί ὁ μέγας Γρηγόριος εἴρηκε; Μή γένοιτο! Οὔτε φύσις ἀνθρώπου ἐστί μή φυσικῶς ἔχουσα μᾶλλον τά δάκρυα καί τό κλαίειν καί τό πενθεῖν, οὔτε ὅ ἅγιος οὗτος, οὔτε ἕτερός τις τῶν ἁγίων, τοῦτο εἶπεν ἤ ἔγραψεν. Ὅτι δέ ἐκ φύσεως τό κλαίειν πᾶσιν ἡμῖν πρόσεστιν, αὐτά τά γεννώμενα βρέφη σε διδαξάτωσαν. Ἅμα γάρ τῷ προελθεῖν τῆς γαστρός καί πεσεῖν ἐπί τῆς γῆς κλαίουσι, καί τοῦτο σημεῖον ζωῆς ταῖς μαίαις καί ταῖς μητράσιν ἐνδείκνυται. Εἰ γάρ μή κλαύσει τό βρέφος, οὐδέ ζῆν λέγεται· κλαῦσαν δέ δείκνυσιν αὐτόθι ὅτι συνεπόμενον ἡ φύσις ἔχει ἀπό γεννήσεως τό πένθος ὁμοῦ καί τά δάκρυα. Ὡς δέ καί ὁ ἅγιος πατήρ ἡμῶν ἔλεγε Συμεών ὁ Στουδιώτης, ὅτι μετά τοῦ τοιούτου κλαυθμοῦ ὀφείλει καί ζῆσαι τόν παρόντα βίον ὁ ἄνθρωπος καί μετ᾿ αὐτοῦ συναποθανεῖν, εἰ ἄρα καί σωθῆναι βούλεται καί εἰς τήν μακαρίαν ζωήν εἰσελθεῖν, ἐπειδή τό τῆς γενήσεως δάκρυον δηλωτικόν ἐστι τῶν δακρύων τῆς παρούσης ἡμῶν ἐνταῦθα ζωῆς. (381) Ὡς γάρ ἡ τροφή καί ἡ πόσις ἀναγκαία ἐστί τῷ σώματι, οὕτω καί τά δάκρυα τῇ ψυχῇ, ὥστε ὁ μή καθ᾿ ἑκάστην κλαίων ὀκνῶ γάρ εἰπεῖν καθ᾿ ὥραν, ἵνα μή δόξω βαρύς , λιμῷ τήν ψυχήν διαφθείρεται καί ἀπόλλυται.

Εἰ τοίνυν συνεπόμενόν ἐστι τό φύσει τό κλαίειν ὁμοῦ καί τά δάκρυα, καθώς ἀποδέδεικται, μηδείς τό τῆς φύσεως ἀγαθόν ἀπαρνήσηται, μηδείς ὄκνῳ καί ῥᾳθυμίᾳ τοῦ τοιούτου καλοῦ στερήσειεν ἑαυτόν, μηδείς κακίᾳ καί πονηρίᾳ καί ὑπερηφανίᾳ ψυχῆς ἀλαζών γένηται καί εἰς ἀντιτυπίαν λίθου παρά φύσιν μετενεχθῇ, ἀλλά σπουδῇ τῇ καλλίστῃ πρός τάς ἐντολάς χρησάμενος τοῦ Θεοῦ, φυλαξάτω τό μέγα τοῦτο δῶρον, παρακαλῶ, ἄσυλον ἐν τῇ ἑαυτοῦ καρδίᾳ, διατηρῶν αὐτό ἐν εὐτελείᾳ καί ταπεινώσει, ἐν ἀκακίᾳ ψυχῆς καί ἁπλότητι, ἐν ὑπομονῇ τῶν πειρασμῶν καί