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of such a grace, according to the same saint, man becomes without beginning, just like Melchizedek, who is witnessed to have "neither beginning of days nor end of life," and everyone who according to Paul lives the divine and eternal life of the indwelling Word, unless grace were without beginning?

"But even if one were to grant," he says, "that the divine energies are uncreated, no one has seen them, unless they have become created." That they, therefore, never become created, but only the participants are created, while the participated things pre-exist in God, and that, if this were not so, creatures would participate in the essence of God, which is more absurd than anything, let us leave this aside for now. But we do not see things far off as if they were before our eyes (p. 710), nor future things as present, nor do we know the will of God concerning us, unless it comes to pass, but the prophets have known the counsel existing in God before the ages, not yet having been accomplished. So also the chosen ones of the disciples, as you hear the Church chanting, unless your ears are deafened, saw on Tabor the essential and eternal comeliness of God, not the glory of God from created things, as you yourself have basely supposed, but the very super-luminous splendor of the archetypal beauty, the very formless form of the divine fairness, through which man is deified and is deemed worthy of face to face divine communion, the very eternal and unsuccessive kingdom of God, the very light beyond mind and unapproachable, a heavenly light, infinite, timeless, eternal, a light flashing forth incorruption, a light deifying those who are deified; for they saw the very grace of the Spirit which they later had as an indweller; for there is one grace of the Father, Son, and Spirit, which, even if they saw with bodily eyes, yet with them opened, so as to become seeing from being blind, according to the divine John of Damascus, and to see that uncreated light, which in the age to come will be seen unceasingly by the saints alone, according to saints Dionysius and Maximus.

Do you see that the divine energies in God, which are invisible to created power, the saints through the Spirit, having transcended themselves, do see? "For he who has been deemed worthy," he says, "to be in God, will know all the pre-existing principles of beings that are in Him according to a certain simple and undivided knowledge"; and again, "the soul, having been gathered to itself and to God, will no longer be subject to the reason that divides it into many concepts, its head being crowned (p. 712) by the first and only and one Word and God, in whom all the principles of beings pre-exist uniformly according to a single, inconceivable simplicity, upon whom gazing, not as being outside of itself, but whole in the Whole by a simple approach, it too will know the principles of beings, on account of which, perhaps, before being wedded to the Word and God, it was subjected to divisive methods." Do you see how not in our manner do they see, who have come to be in God and have been deified and gaze divinely upon Him? For with sense they see the things beyond sense and with the mind the things beyond the mind, marvelously, as the power of the Spirit comes to be in human faculties, through which they see the things beyond us. While we, therefore, always join to sense that which is beyond sense, so that the transcendent and that which is beyond name may be shown of that vision, the sophist of malice, dividing sophistically, thinks he is saying something against us and deceives those who are childish in mind, prattling on about those who supposedly think the divine is sensible, just as if one were to say that God has essence, or that a universal is something contemplated by bare thought alone and does not truly exist, or some particular. To whom I would have said what we too justly say to this man aptly named the Latin-Greek, "you seem to understand the words about God as an ox and a donkey understand singers." For thus you mishear what is called by us spiritual and beyond the mind, and you accuse us as if we were saying it is sensible, and, while the relative is most different from the absolute, you yourself hear them as the same and you consider as natural those things that pertain to God.

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τοιαύτης χάριτος, κατά τόν αὐτόν ἅγιον, ἄναρχος γίνεται ὁ ἄνθρωπος, καθάπερ ὁ Μελχισεδέκ, «μήτε ἀρχήν ἡμερῶν μήτε ζωῆς τέλος» ἐσχηκέναι μαρτυρούμενος, καί πᾶς ὁ κατά Παῦλον τήν τοῦ ἐνοικήσαντος λόγου ζῶν θείαν καί ἀΐδιον ζωήν, εἰ μή ἄναρχος ἡ χάρις εἴη;

«Ἀλλ᾿ εἰ καί τις δοίη», φησίν, «ἀκτίστους εἶναι ἐνεργείας θείας, οὐδείς ἑώρακεν αὐτάς, εἰ μή κτισταί γεγόνασιν». Ὅτι μέν οὖν οὐδέποτε ἐκεῖναι γίνονται κτισταί, ἀλλά μόνα τά μετέχοντά ἐστι κτιστά, τῶν μεθεκτῶν προόντων ἐν Θεῷ, καί ὡς, εἰ μή τοῦτ᾿ εἴη, τῆς οὐσίας τοῦ Θεοῦ τά κτίσματα μεθέξουσιν, ὅ παντός μᾶλλον ἄτοπόν ἐστι, τοῦτο μέν οὖν ἀφῶμεν νῦν. Ἀλλ᾿ οὐδέ τά πόρρω ὡς ὑπ᾿ ὀφθαλμούς ἡμεῖς (σελ. 710) ὁρῶμεν, οὐδέ τά μέλλοντα ὡς ἐνεστῶτα, οὐδέ τό περί ἡμῶν θέλημα τοῦ Θεοῦ, εἰ μή ἐκβαίη, γινώσκομεν ἡμεῖς, οἱ δέ προφῆται καί τήν ἐν Θεῷ πρό τῶν αἰώνων ἐνυπάρχουσαν ἐγνώκασι βουλήν, μήπω ἀποτελεσθεῖσαν. Οὕτω καί οἱ ἔκκριτοι τῶν μαθητῶν, καθάπερ ἀκούεις ψάλλουσαν τήν Ἐκκλησίαν, εἰ μή ἐκκεκώφηται τά ὦτα, τήν οὐσιώδη τοῦ Θεοῦ καί ἀΐδιον εὐπρέπειαν εἶδον ἐν Θαβώρ, οὐ τήν ἀπό τῶν κτισμάτων δόξαν τοῦ Θεοῦ, ὡς αὐτός χαμαιζήλως ὑπείληφας, ἀλλ᾿ αὐτήν τήν ὑπέρφωτον τοῦ ἀρχετύπου κάλλους λαμρπότητα, αὐτό τό ἀνείδεον εἶδος τῆς θεϊκῆς ὡραιότητος, δι᾿ οὗ θεουργεῖται καί τῆς πρός πρόσωπον θείας ὁμιλίας καταξιοῦται ὁ ἄνθρωπος, αὐτήν τήν ἀΐδιον καί ἀδιάδοχον βασιλείαν τοῦ Θεοῦ, αὐτό τό ὑπέρ νοῦν καί ἀπρόσιτον φῶς, φῶς οὐράνιον, ἄπλετον, ἄχρονον, ἀΐδιον, φῶς ἀπαστράπτον ἀφθαρσίαν, φῶς θεοῦν τούς θεουμένους˙ αὐτήν γάρ εἶδον ἥν καί ἔνοικον ἐσχήκασιν ὕστερον τήν χάριν τοῦ Πνεύματος˙ μία γάρ χάρις Πατρός Υἱοῦ καί Πνεύματος, ἥν εἰ καί σωματικοῖς εἶδον ὀφθαλμοῖς, ἀλλά διανοιγεῖσιν, ὡς ἐκ τυφλῶν γενέσθαι βλέποντας, κατά τόν ἐκ ∆αμασκοῦ θεῖον Ἰωάννην, καί ἰδεῖν τό ἄκτιστον ἐκεῖνο φῶς, ὅ κἀν τῷ μέλλοντι αἰῶνι τοῖς ἁγίοις μόνοις ἀκαταλήκτως ἔσται θεατόν, κατά τούς ἁγίου ∆ιονύσιόν τε καί Μάξιμον.

Ὁρᾷς ὅτι τάς κτιστῇ δυνάμει ἀοράτους ἐν τῷ Θεῷ θείας ἐνεργείας οἱ ἅγιοι διά τοῦ Πνεύματος, ὑπεραναβάντες ἑαυτούς, ὁρῶσιν; «Ὁ γάρ ἀξιωθείς», φησίν, «ἐν τῷ Θεῷ γενέσθαι, πάντας εἴσεται τούς ἐν αὐτῷ τῶν ὄντων προϋφεστῶτας λόγους καθ᾿ ἁπλῆν τινα καί ἀδιαίρετον γνῶσιν»˙ καί πάλιν, «τήν ψυχήν πρός ἑαυτήν καί τόν Θεόν συναχθεῖσαν, οὐκ ἔσται ὁ εἰς πολλά καί κατ᾿ ἐπίνοιαν αὐτήν ἔτι διαιρῶν λόγος, τῷ πρώτῳ καί μόνῳ καί ἑνί λόγῳ τε καί Θεῷ κατεστεμμένην (σελ. 712) τήν κεφαλήν, ἐν ᾧ κατά μίαν ἀπερινόητον ἁπλότητα πάντες οἱ τῶν ὄντων λόγοι ἑνοειδῶς προϋφεστήκασιν, ᾧ ἐνατενίζουσα οὐκ ἐκτός αὐτῆς ὄντι, ἀλλ᾿ ἐν ὅλῃ ὅλῳ καθ᾿ ἁπλῆν προσβολήν, εἴσεται καί αὐτή τούς τῶν ὄντων λόγους, δι᾿ οὕς τυχόν πρίν νυμφευθῆναι τῷ Λόγῳ καί Θεῷ, ταῖς διαιρετικαῖς ὑπήγετο μεθόδοις». Ὁρᾷς ὡς οὐ καθ᾿ ἡμᾶς ὁρῶσιν οἱ ἐν Θεῷ γενόμενοι καί θεωθέντες καί πρός αὐτόν ἐνθέως ἀτενίζοντες; Αἰσθήσει γάρ τά ὑπέρ αἴσθησιν καί νῷ τά ὑπέρ νοῦν ὁρῶσι θαυμασίως, ταῖς ἀνθρωπίναις ἕξεσιν ἐγγινομένης τῆς τοῦ Πνεύματος δυνάμεως, δι᾿ ἧς ὁρῶσι τά ὑπέρ ἡμᾶς. Ἡμῶν οὖν τῇ αἰσθήσει συναπτόντων ἀεί τό ὑπέρ αἴσθησιν, ὡς μετά τοῦ ὑπερφυοῦς καί τό ὑπερώνυμον δειχθῆναι τῆς ὁράσεως ἐκείνης, διαιρῶν σοφιστικῶς ὁ τῆς κακίας σοφιστής οἴεταί τι καθ᾿ ἡμῶν λέγειν καί τούς παιδαριώδεις τήν διάνοιαν ἐξαπατᾷ, καταφλυαρῶν τῶν αἰσθητόν τάχα τό θεῖον οἰομένων, ὥσπερ ἄν εἴ τις τῶν οὐσίαν ἔχειν τόν Θεόν φατε, ἤ τῶν καθόλου τί ἐστι ψιλῇ μόνῃ ἐπινοίᾳ θεωρούμενον καί οὐκ ἔστιν ἀληθῶς, ἤ τι τῶν ἀτόμων. Πρός ὅν ἄν εἶπον ὅπερ καί ἡμεῖς πρός τόν φερωνύμως λατινέλληνα δικαίως τοῦτον, ὡς "ἔοικας οὕτω τῶν περί Θεοῦ λόγων ἐπαΐειν ὡς βοῦς καί ὄνος τῶν ᾀδόντων". Οὕτω γάρ τό παρ᾿ ἡμῶν πνευματικόν καί ὑπέρ νοῦν λεγόμενον ὡς αἰσθητόν λεγόντων παρακούων ἡμῶν κατηγορεῖς, καί, διαφορωτάτου ὄντος τοῦ κατ᾿ αὐτόν τοῦ καθ᾿ αὑτό, ὡς ταὐτοῦ αὐτός ἀκούεις καί τῶν περί Θεόν ὅσοι φυσικά κατ᾿ αὐτόν ἡγῇ.