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8.13.12 And when not a very long time had passed, the emperor Constantius, having conducted his whole life most gently and with the greatest good will to his subjects and with the greatest affection for the divine Word, having left his legitimate son Constantine as emperor and Augustus in his stead, ended his life by the common law of nature, and was the first to be proclaimed among the gods by them, having been deemed worthy after death of all the honor that would be due an emperor, the best and mildest of emperors. 8.13.13 Who indeed alone of those of our time, having passed the whole time of his rule worthily of the sovereignty and in other respects having shown himself most favorable and benevolent to all, having in no way shared in the war against us, but also having kept the God-fearing under him unharmed and unmolested, and neither having pulled down the church buildings nor devised anything else against us, received a happy and thrice-blessed end of life, alone in his reign having died graciously and gloriously with a legitimate son as his successor, who was most prudent and most pious in all things. 8.13.14 His son Constantine, from the very beginning being proclaimed most perfect emperor and Augustus by the armies and long before this by God himself, the King of all, showed himself an emulator of his father's piety concerning our doctrine. Such was he. After this, Licinius was declared emperor and Augustus by a common vote of the rulers. 8.13.15 These things terribly distressed Maximinus, who was still then the only one called Caesar by all. Being, therefore, most tyrannical, he seized the dignity for himself and was Augustus, having become so by himself. Meanwhile, the one who was shown to have resumed power after his abdication, being caught plotting death for Constantine, was destroyed by a most shameful death. And of this first one the inscriptions in his honor and statues and whatever else of this kind is customary for dedication, they pulled down as of an unholy and most impious man. 8.14.1 His son Maxentius, who had established the tyranny at Rome, at first feigned our faith to please and flatter the Roman people, and on this account ordered his subjects to cease the persecution of the Christians, affecting piety, and that he might appear favorable and very mild compared to his predecessors. 8.14.2 However, he did not turn out in his deeds to be such as he was hoped, but having run aground in all manner of unholy deeds, he left no work of pollution and licentiousness undone, committing adulteries and every kind of corruption. For he separated lawful wives from their husbands, and after outraging them most dishonorably, he sent them back again to their husbands. And he made it his practice to attempt these things not on insignificant or obscure persons, but he especially insulted the most eminent of those who held the first rank in the Roman senate. 8.14.3 All crouched in fear before him, people and rulers, honored and unhonored, were worn out by a terrible tyranny. And even though they were quiet and bore the bitter servitude, there was nonetheless no escape from the murderous cruelty of the tyrant. At any rate, on one occasion, on a slight pretext, he gave over the people to be murdered by his bodyguard, and a countless multitude of the Roman people was slaughtered in the middle of the city, not by the spears and arms of Scythians or barbarians but by those of their own countrymen. 8.14.4 Indeed, as for the murder of senators for the sake of plotting against their property, it is not even possible to count how many, with countless numbers being put to death at different times on various fabricated charges. 8.14.5 The culmination of the tyrant's evils drove him to sorcery, by magical arts at one time cutting open pregnant women, at another examining the entrails of newborn infants, and slaughtering lions, and contriving certain unspeakable acts for the invocation of demons and the aversion of war. For through these things was all his hope that victory would be secured for him. 8.14.6 So he, tyrannizing at Rome, enslaved his subjects by doing things that cannot even be described, so that now

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8.13.12 χρόνου δ' οὐ πλείστου μεταξὺ γενομένου βασιλεὺς Κωνστάντιος τὸν πάντα βίον πραότατα καὶ τοῖς ὑπηκόοις εὐνοϊκώτατα τῷ τε θείῳ λόγῳ προσφιλέστατα διαθέμενος, παῖδα γνήσιον Κωνσταντῖνον αὐτοκράτορα καὶ Σεβαστὸν ἀνθ' ἑαυτοῦ καταλιπών, κοινῷ φύσεως νόμῳ τελευτᾷ τὸν βίον, πρῶτός τε ἐν θεοῖς ἀνηγορεύετο παρ' αὐτοῖς, ἁπάσης μετὰ θάνατον, ὅση βασιλεῖ τις ἂν ὠφείλετο, τιμῆς ἠξιωμένος, χρηστότατος καὶ ἠπιώτατος βασιλέων· 8.13.13 ὃς δὴ καὶ μόνος τῶν καθ' ἡμᾶς ἐπαξίως τῆς ἡγεμονίας τὸν πάντα τῆς ἀρχῆς διατελέσας χρόνον καὶ τἄλλα τοῖς πᾶσι δεξιώτατον καὶ εὐεργετικώτατον παρασχὼν ἑαυτὸν τοῦ τε καθ' ἡμῶν πολέμου μηδαμῶς ἐπικοινωνήσας, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὺς ὑπ' αὐτὸν θεοσεβεῖς ἀβλαβεῖς καὶ ἀνεπηρεάστους φυλάξας καὶ μήτε τῶν ἐκκλησιῶν τοὺς οἴκους καθελὼν μήθ' ἕτερόν τι καθ' ἡμῶν καινουργήσας, τέλος εὔδαιμον καὶ τρισμακάριον ἀπείληφεν τοῦ βίου, μόνος ἐπὶ τῆς αὐτοῦ βασιλείας εὐμενῶς καὶ ἐπιδόξως ἐπὶ διαδόχῳ γνησίῳ παιδὶ πάντα σωφρονεστάτῳ τε καὶ εὐσεβεστάτῳ τελευτήσας. 8.13.14 Τούτου παῖς Κωνσταντῖνος εὐθὺς ἀρχόμενος βασιλεὺς τελεώτατος καὶ Σεβαστὸς πρὸς τῶν στρατοπέδων καὶ ἔτι πολὺ τούτων πρότερον πρὸς αὐτοῦ τοῦ παμβασιλέως θεοῦ ἀναγορευθείς, ζηλωτὴν ἑαυτὸν τῆς πατρικῆς περὶ τὸν ἡμέτερον λόγον εὐσεβείας κατεστήσατο. καὶ οὗτος μὲν τοιοῦτος· Λικίννιος δ' ἐπὶ τούτοις ὑπὸ κοινῆς ψήφου τῶν κρατούντων αὐτοκράτωρ καὶ Σεβαστὸς ἀναπέφηνεν. 8.13.15 ταῦτα Μαξιμῖνον δεινῶς ἐλύπει, μόνον Καίσαρα παρὰ πάντας εἰς ἔτι τότε χρηματίζοντα· ὃς δὴ οὖν τὰ μάλιστα τυραννικὸς ὤν, παραρπάσας ἑαυτῷ τὴν ἀξίαν, Σεβαστὸς ἦν, αὐτὸς ὑφ' ἑαυτοῦ γεγονώς. ἐν τούτῳ δὲ Κωνσταντίνῳ μηχανὴν θανάτου συρράπτων ἁλοὺς ὁ μετὰ τὴν ἀπόθεσιν ἐπανῃρῆσθαι δεδηλωμένος αἰσχίστῳ καταστρέφει θανάτῳ· πρώτου δὲ τούτου τὰς ἐπὶ τιμῇ γραφὰς ἀνδριάντας τε καὶ ὅσα τοιαῦτα ἐπ' ἀναθέσει νενόμισται, ὡς ἀνοσίου καὶ δυσσεβεστάτου καθῄρουν. 8.14.1 Τούτου παῖς Μαξέντιος, ὁ τὴν ἐπὶ Ῥώμης τυραννίδα συστησάμενος, ἀρχόμενος μὲν τὴν καθ' ἡμᾶς πίστιν ἐπ' ἀρεσκείᾳ καὶ κολακείᾳ τοῦ δήμου Ῥωμαίων καθυπεκρίνατο ταύτῃ τε τοῖς ὑπηκόοις τὸν κατὰ Χριστιανῶν ἀνεῖναι προστάττει διωγμόν, εὐσέβειαν ἐπιμορφάζων καὶ ὡς ἂν δεξιὸς καὶ πολὺ πρᾶος παρὰ τοὺς προτέρους φανείη· 8.14.2 οὐ μὴν οἷος ἔσεσθαι ἠλπίσθη, τοιοῦτος ἔργοις ἀναπέφηνεν, εἰς πάσας δ' ἀνοσιουργίας ὀκείλας, οὐδὲν ὅ τι μιαρίας ἔργον καὶ ἀκολασίας παραλέλοιπεν, μοιχείας καὶ παντοίας ἐπιτελῶν φθοράς. διαζευγνύς γέ τοι τῶν ἀνδρῶν τὰς κατὰ νόμον γαμετάς, ταύταις ἐνυβρίζων ἀτιμότατα, τοῖς ἀνδράσιν αὖθις ἀπέπεμπεν, καὶ ταῦτ' οὐκ ἀσήμοις οὐδ' ἀφανέσιν ἐγχειρῶν ἐπετήδευεν, ἀλλ' αὐτῶν δὴ μάλιστα τῶν τὰ πρῶτα τῆς Ῥωμαίων συγκλήτου βουλῆς ἀπενηνεγμένων ἐμπαροινῶν τοῖς ἐξοχωτάτοις. 8.14.3 οἱ πάντες δ' αὐτὸν ὑποπεπτηχότες, δῆμοι καὶ ἄρχοντες, ἔνδοξοί τε καὶ ἄδοξοι, δεινῇ κατετρύχοντο τυραννίδι, καὶ οὐδ' ἠρεμούντων καὶ τὴν πικρὰν φερόντων δουλείαν ἀπαλλαγή τις ὅμως ἦν τῆς τοῦ τυράννου φονώσης ὠμότητος. ἐπὶ σμικρᾷ γοῦν ἤδη ποτὲ προφάσει τὸν δῆμον εἰς φόνον τοῖς ἀμφ' αὐτὸν δορυφόροις ἐκδίδωσιν, καὶ ἐκτείνετο μυρία τοῦ δήμου Ῥωμαίων πλήθη, ἐπὶ μέσης τῆς πόλεως, οὐ Σκυθῶν οὐδὲ βαρβάρων ἀλλ' αὐτῶν τῶν οἰκείων δόρασι καὶ πανοπλίαις· 8.14.4 συγκλητικῶν γε μὴν φόνος ὁπόσος δι' ἐπιβουλὴν ἐνηργεῖτο τῆς οὐσίας, οὐδ' ἐξαριθμήσασθαι δυνατόν, ἄλλοτε ἄλλαις πεπλασμέναις αἰτίαις μυρίων ἀναιρουμένων. 8.14.5 ἡ δὲ τῶν κακῶν τῷ τυράννῳ κορωνὶς ἐπὶ γοητείαν ἤλαυνεν, μαγικαῖς ἐπινοίαις τοτὲ μὲν γυναῖκας ἐγκύμονας ἀνασχίζοντος, τοτὲ δὲ νεογνῶν σπλάγχνα βρεφῶν διερευνωμένου λέοντάς τε κατασφάττοντος καί τινας ἀρρητοποιίας ἐπὶ δαιμόνων προκλήσεις καὶ ἀποτροπιασμὸν τοῦ πολέμου συνισταμένου· διὰ τούτων γὰρ αὐτῷ τὰ τῆς νίκης κατορθωθήσεσθαι ἡ πᾶσα ἐτύγχανεν ἐλπίς. 8.14.6 οὗτος μὲν οὖν ἐπὶ Ῥώμης τυραννῶν οὐδ' ἔστιν εἰπεῖν οἷα δρῶν τοὺς ὑπηκόους κατεδουλοῦτο, ὡς ἤδη