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having taken those who have grieved them, they considered it worthy not to demand justice for their offenses, and the abundance of power became a cause for reconciliation. Nothing is safer than to spare one's enemies; nothing is more perilous than to wish to avenge and defend oneself. It is much greater and more profitable to spare than to destroy. For he who has destroyed his enemy will often condemn himself, and will have an evil conscience, being pursued by that sin every day and hour. But he who has spared, having endured for a short time, rejoices and delights afterwards, having acquired good and better hopes, and expects the rewards for his forbearance from God. And if he ever falls into some terrible thing, with great boldness he will demand the recompense from God. It is a conspicuous and enviable goodness, namely to extend mercy to those who choose to hate us, and to offer a helping hand; and to wish to save them, not rather treading upon them, and as it were riding upon them as they lie fallen, and unpityingly laughing at their misery, but rather doing those things by which they might get out of the snare, and also making supplications for them to the one who has authority over all. It is fitting to pity misfortunes, not to hate them. One must not be lifted up over every fall and every sin of a man, nor ever rejoice over one who has been tripped up, even if such an enemy seems to be murderous; but rather to suffer with and grieve with him, and to make a prayer for him to God, fearing, and shuddering, and considering, lest the one 95.1536 who was tripped up might be shown to be a trophy-bearer, while the one who thought he was standing might later suffer a terrible fall unexpectedly, and die in his fall. For this reason, one must spare enemies most of all, when we become their masters. And if it should ever rarely happen for someone to turn away from virtue, and to fall into the devil's hands, do not wish to judge and condemn him. But rather be afraid, lest you also fall with him. To rejoice at the misfortunes of enemies, even if it is sometimes just, is still not humane.

TITLE XV. -Concerning a good deed, or an offering made from unjust gains. David said to Ornan: Give me the place of the threshing-floor, and I will build in it

an altar to the Lord; give it to me for money, and the plague from the people will cease. And Ornan said to David: Take it for yourself, and let my lord the king do what is good in his sight. And the king said: No; but I will buy it for its worth in silver, for I will not take what is yours to offer to the Lord, a burnt offering as a gift to the Lord God. And David gave to Ornan for his place six hundred shekels of gold by weight. He who sacrifices from unjust gains offers a blemished sacrifice, and the gifts of the lawless are not for good pleasure. He who slays a son before his father, so is he who brings a sacrifice from the possessions of the poor. One building, and one tearing down; what more is the benefit than labor? one praying, and one cursing; whose voice will the Master hear? He who takes from one and gives to another has not shown mercy, but has also committed the ultimate injustice. For if you show mercy from that by which you do wrong, show mercy to those whom you wrong. For he is pious, not who shows mercy to many, but who wrongs no one. Moreover [if you] yet again wish to show mercy, show mercy from your own fruits of righteousness. If you sow for the poor, sow what is your own. For what belongs to others is more bitter than tares; for you are cultivating a field which you cannot harvest.

TITLE XVI. -Concerning contractors, and mandatories, who involve themselves in the lawsuits of others.

Like one who grabs a dog by the tail, so is he who presides over another's judgment. The counsel of the wicked plans lawless things, to destroy the humble with unjust words, and

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λελυπηκότας λαβόντες, ἄξιον αὐτῶν εἶναι ἐνόμισαν δίκην μὴ ἀπαιτῆσαι τῶν πεπλημμελημένων, καὶ τῆς ἐξουσίας ἡ περιουσία καταλλαγῆς ὑπόθεσις γέγονεν. Οὐδὲν ἀσφαλέστερον τοῦ φείδεσθαι τῶν ἐχθρῶν· οὐδὲν σφαλερώτερον τοῦ βούλεσθαι διεκδικεῖν ἑαυτὸν καὶ ἀμύνεσθαι. Πολλῷ μεῖζον καὶ κερδαλεώτερον τὸ φείσασθαι τοῦ διαφθεῖραι. Ὁ μὲν γὰρ διαφθείρας τὸν ἐχθρὸν, καὶ καταγνώσεται πολλάκις ἑαυτοῦ, καὶ πονηρὸν ἕξει συνειδὸς, καθ' ἑκάστην ἡμέραν καὶ ὥραν ὑπὸ τῆς ἁμαρτίας ἐκείνης διωκόμενος. Ὁ δὲ φεισάμενος, μικρὸν καρτερήσας χρόνον, γάννυται μετὰ ταῦτα καὶ τρυφᾷ, χρηστὰς καὶ ἀμείνους κτησάμενος ἐλπίδας, καὶ τὰς ἀμοιβὰς τῆς ἀνεξικακίας παρὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ προσδοκᾷ. Καὶ εἴ ποτε παραπέσῃ τινὶ δεινῷ, μετὰ πολλῆς παῤῥησίας ἀπαιτήσει τὸν Θεὸν τὴν ἀντίδοσιν. Περιφανὴς καὶ ἀξιοζήλωτος ἀγαθότης ἐστὶν, δηλαδὴ τὸ ὀρέγειν ἔλεον τοῖς μισοῦσιν ἡμᾶς αἱρουμένοις, καὶ τὴν χεῖρα φέρειν ἐπίκουρον· βούλεσθαι δὲ καὶ σώζειν αὐτοὺς, οὐκ ἐμβαίνοντας μᾶλλον, καὶ οἷον κειμένοις ἐποχουμένους, καὶ τῆς ἐνούσης αὐτοῖς ἀθλιότητος καταμειδιῶντας ἀφιλοικτιρμόνως, δρῶντας δὲ μᾶλλον ἐκεῖνα, τὰ δι' ὧν ἔξω γένοιντο παγίδος, ποιουμένους δὲ καὶ λιτὰς ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν πρὸς τὸν τῶν ὅλων ἐξουσιάζοντα. Τὰς συμφορὰς ἐλεεῖν, οὐ μισεῖν προσῆκεν. Οὐ χρὴ ἐπὶ παντὶ πτώματι καὶ πάσῃ ἁμαρτίᾳ ἀνθρώπου ἐπαίρεσθαι, οὐδὲ ἐπιχαίρειν ποτὲ τῷ ὑποσχετλιασθέντι, κἀνεὶ δοκῇ ὁ τοιοῦτος ἐχθρὸς φόνιος εἶναι· μᾶλλον δὲ συμπάσχειν καὶ συναλγεῖν, καὶ εὐχὴν ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ πρὸς τὸν Θεὸν ποιεῖσθαι, δεδιότα, καὶ πεφρικότα, καὶ διαλογιζόμενον, μήποτε ὁ μὲν 95.1536 ὑποσκελισθεὶς, τροπαιοφόρος ἀναδειχθῇ, ὁ δὲ νομίσας ἵστασθαι, ἐξαίσιον ὕστερον πτῶμα καταῤῥαγῇ παρὰ τὴν προσδοκίαν, καὶ ἐναποθάνῃ τῷ πτώματι. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο τότε μάλιστα δεῖ φείδεσθαι τῶν ἐχθρῶν, ὅταν αὐτῶν γενώμεθα κύριοι. Κἄν πού τινα σπανίως συμβῇ ἀποκλῖναι τῆς ἀρετῆς, καὶ τῷ διαβόλῳ παραπεσεῖν, μὴ θέλε τοῦτον δικάζειν, καὶ κατακρίνειν. Φοβοῦ δὲ μᾶλλον, μὴ καὶ συμπτωματισθῇς. Χαίρειν ἐπὶ ταῖς τῶν ἐχθρῶν ἀτυχίαις, εἰ καὶ δίκαιόν ποτε, ἀλλ' οὐκ ἀνθρώπινον.

ΤΙΤΛ. ΙΕʹ. -Περὶ εὐεργεσίας, ἢ προσφορᾶς ἐξ ἀδίκων γινομένης. Εἶπεν ∆αβὶδ τῷ Ὀρνᾶ· ∆ός μοι τόπον τῆς ἄλω, καὶ οἰκοδομήσω ἐν αὐτῇ

θυσιαστήριον τῷ Κυρίῳ· ἀργυρίου δός μοι αὐτὸν, καὶ παύσεται ἡ πληγὴ ἐκ τοῦ λαοῦ. Καὶ εἶπεν Ὀρνᾶ πρὸς ∆αβίδ· Λάβε σεαυτῷ, καὶ ποιησάτω ὁ κύριός μου ὁ βασιλεὺς τὸ ἀγαθὸν ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ. Καὶ εἶπεν ὁ βασιλεύς· Οὐχί· ἀλλ' ἢ ἀγοράσω ἀργυρίου ἀξίου, ὅτι οὐ μὴ λάβω τὰ σὰ τῷ Κυρίῳ ἀνενεγκεῖν ὁλοκαύτωσιν δωρεὰν Κυρίῳ τῷ Θεῷ. Καὶ ἔδωκε ∆αβὶδ τῷ Ὀρνᾶ περὶ τόπου αὐτοῦ σίκλους χρυσίου ὁλκῆς ἑξακοσίους. Θυσιάζων ἐξ ἀδίκων θυσία μεμωκημένη, καὶ οὐκ εἰς εὐδοκίαν δωρήματα ἀνόμων. Θύων υἱὸν ἔναντι πατρὸς αὐτοῦ, οὕτως ὁ προσάγων θυσίαν ἐκ χρημάτων πενήτων. Εἷς οἰκοδομῶν, καὶ εἷς καθαιρῶν· τίς ὠφέλεια πλέων ἢ κόπος; εἷς εὐχόμενος, καὶ εἷς καταρώμενος· τίνος φωνῆς εἰσακούσεται ὁ ∆εσπότης; Ὁ τὰ ἑτέρου λαμβάνων, καὶ ἑτέρῳ διδοὺς οὐκ ἠλέησεν, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἠδίκησεν ἀδικίαν τὴν ἐσχάτην. Εἰ μὲν γὰρ ἐλεεῖς ἐξ ὧν ἀδικεῖς, ἐλέησον οὓς ἀδικεῖς. Εὐσεβὴς γὰρ ἐκεῖνος, οὐχ ὁ πολλοὺς ἐλεῶν, ἀλλ' ὁ μηδὲν ἀδικῶν. Ἔτι [φ. εἴ τι] δὲ καὶ πάλιν ἐλεεῖν βούλῃ, ἐλέησον ἀπὸ σῶν καρπῶν δικαιοσύνης. Εἰ σπείρεις πτωχοῖς, τὰ σεαυτοῦ σπεῖρον. Τὰ γὰρ ἀλλότρια ζιζανίων πικρότερα· γεωργεῖς γὰρ ἀγρὸν, ὃν θερίσαι οὐ δύνασαι.

ΤΙΤΛ. Ιϛʹ. -Περὶ ἐργολαβῶν, καὶ ἐντολέων, εἰς ἀλλοτρίας δίκας ἑαυτοὺς ἐμβαλλόντων.

Ὥσπερ ὁ κρατῶν κέρκου κυνὸς, οὕτως ὁ προεστὼς ἀλλοτρίας κρίσεως. Βουλὴ τῶν πονηρῶν ἄνομα βούλεται, καταφθεῖραι ταπεινοὺς ἐν λόγοις ἀδίκοις, καὶ