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5th king of Alexandria, Ptolemy Epiphanes, reigned for 24 years. And it was the year 5207 of the world. Antiochus the Great, having become friends with Ptolemy Epiphanes, married Cleopatra his daughter and as her dowry he received Syria, Phoenicia, Samaria and Judea from him, which Ptolemy had taken a short while before through Scopas his general. Ptolemy Epiphanes sent and subdued Judea and other cities of Syria through Scopas his general. against whom Antiochus the Great, warring again, subdued these, with the Jews also as his allies, to whom, having testified much through letters, he honored with great gifts. Hyrcanus, the son of Josephus the general of the Jews, coming to Ptolemy 342 was well received. But his brothers, rising up in sedition against him, became the cause of a great disturbance for the Jews. When Ptolemy Epiphanes died in the 24th year of his reign, his two sons, the Ptolemies, succeeded to the rule after him, of whom the elder was called Philometor, and the younger Euergetes. and rising up in sedition against each other, they reigned alternately. For this reason there was confusion concerning their times. for first Philometor reigned alone for 11 years, then he was driven out by Antiochus who campaigned against him into Egypt and took his diadem, and Ptolemy Euergetes, the younger brother of Philometor, takes control of affairs by the decision of the Alexandrians. And Antiochus is driven out, and Philometor is released, and the two reign from the 12th year until the 17th. So among the Alexandrians the 12th year of Philometor was named the first year of Euergetes, and the two reigned in harmony from this 12th year of Philometor until his 17th year, which was the 6th of Euergetes. And again they rise up in sedition against each other, and from the 18th year the rule over Egypt is named for Philometor alone, he having conceded to his brother the rule of Libya and Cyrene after the battle in Cyprus, in which the younger Ptolemy, having been defeated, remained unharmed, since the elder treated him humanely and not only granted him the said country, but also to receive a quantity of grain annually, this on the one hand because of kindness and natural kinship, and on the other, as they say, because of the fear of the Romans who were protecting him. So this same Philometor rules after the 17th year for another 18 years. When he died in Syria (for he had become master of the places there too), Euergetes, called the 2nd, being summoned from Cyrene, rules Egypt for the remaining 29 years alone after the death of his elder brother, so that the entire time of both brothers becomes 35 and 29, that is, 64 years. But Diodorus says that the younger Ptolemy reigned for 15 years after his elder brother, and he committed many transgressions, both marrying his own sister Cleopatra and falsely accusing many of plotting against him, and killing some, and exiling others with false accusations and taking away their property. 343 KINGS OF SYRIA AND ASIA 4th king of Syria and Asia, Antiochus his son, surnamed Callinicus, the same as Seleucus, reigned for 21 years. And it was the year 5238 of the world. In the time of this Antiochus, the Persians revolted from the rule of the Macedonians and of the Antiochians, being subject to them since Alexander the founder, for such a reason. A certain Arsaces and Tiridates, brothers, tracing their lineage from Artaxerxes of the Persians, were satraps of the Bactrians under Agathocles the Macedonian, prefect of Persia. This Agathocles, having fallen in love with Tiridates, as Arrian says, one of the brothers, and attempting to assault the young man, failed and was killed by him and Arsaces his brother, and Arsaces reigns over the Persians, from whom the kings of the Persians were called Arsacids, for 2 years, and he is killed, and after him his brother Tiridates for 37 years. 5th king of Syria, Seleucus, also called Alexander, son of Seleucus the

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Ἀλεξανδρείας εʹ ἐβασίλευσε Πτολεμαῖος ὁ Ἐπιφανὴς ἔτη κδʹ. τοῦ δὲ κόσμου ἦν ἔτος εςζʹ. Ἀντίοχος ὁ μέγας Πτολεμαίῳ τῷ Ἐπιφανεῖ φιλωθεὶς Κλεοπάτραν ἔγη με θυγατέρα αὐτοῦ καὶ λόγῳ φερνῆς αὐτῆς Συρίαν, Φοινίκην Σαμάρειάν τε καὶ Ἰουδαίαν ἔλαβε παρ' αὐτοῦ, ἣν πρὸ μικροῦ λαβὼν ἦν διὰ Σκοπᾶ στρατηγοῦ ὁ Πτολεμαῖος. Πτολεμαῖος ὁ Ἐπιφανὴς τὴν Ἰουδαίαν καὶ ἄλλας πόλεις τῆς Συρίας πέμψας ἐχειρώσατο διὰ Σκοπᾶ στρατηγοῦ. πρὸς ὃν Ἀντίοχος ὁ μέγας αὖθις πολεμήσας ταύτας ἐχειρώσατο, συμμαχούντων αὐτῷ καὶ Ἰουδαίων, οἷς δι' ἐπιστολῶν πολλὰ μαρτυρήσας δωρεαῖς μεγάλαις ἐτίμησεν. Ὑρκανὸς Ἰωσήππου παῖς στρατηγοῦ τῶν Ἰουδαίων πρὸς Πτολεμαῖον 342 ἐλθὼν καλῶς ὑπεδέχθη. οἱ δὲ ἀδελφοὶ αὐτοῦ πρὸς αὐτὸν στασιάσαντες μεγάλης ταραχῆς αἴτιοι γεγόνασιν Ἰουδαίοις. Πτολεμαίου τοῦ Ἐπιφανοῦς ἀποθανόντος κδʹ ἔτει τῆς βασιλείας αὐτοῦ δύο παῖδες αὐτοῦ Πτολεμαῖοι τὴν ἀρχὴν μετ' αὐτὸν διεδέξαντο, ὧν ὁ πρεσβύτερος Φιλομήτωρ ἐπεκέκλητο, ὁ δὲ νεώτερος Εὐεργέτης. πρὸς ἀλ λήλους δὲ στασιάζοντες ἐναλλὰξ ἐβασίλευσαν. διὸ καὶ σύγχυσις γέγονε περὶ τοὺς χρόνους αὐτῶν. πρῶτος γὰρ ὁ Φιλομήτωρ μόνος ιαʹ ἔτη ἐβασί λευσεν, εἶτα ὑπὸ Ἀντιόχου ἐξεβλήθη ἐπιστρατεύσαντος κατ' αὐτοῦ εἰς Αἴγυπτον καὶ ἀφελόντος αὐτοῦ τὸ διάδημα κρατεῖ τῶν πραγμάτων Πτο λεμαῖος ὁ Εὐεργέτης ὁ νεώτερος ἀδελφὸς τοῦ Φιλομήτορος γνώμῃ τῶν Ἀλεξανδρέων. διώκεται δὲ καὶ Ἀντίοχος, λυτρωθέντος καὶ τοῦ Φιλομήτορος, καὶ βασιλεύουσιν οἱ δύο ἀπὸ τοῦ ιβʹ ἔτους ἕως τοῦ ιζʹ. ἐχρημάτισεν οὖν παρὰ Ἀλεξανδρεῦσι τῷ ιβʹ τοῦ Φιλομήτορος ἔτει πρῶτον ἔτος τοῦ Εὐεργέτου, καὶ ἐβασίλευσαν οἱ δύο ἐν ὁμονοίᾳ ἀπὸ τούτου τοῦ ιβʹ ἔτους τοῦ Φιλομήτορος ἕως τοῦ ιζʹ ἔτους αὐτοῦ, ςʹ δὲ τοῦ Εὐεργέτου. καὶ πάλιν στασιάζουσι κατ' ἀλλήλων, καὶ χρηματίζει ἀπὸ τοῦ ιηʹ ἔτους μόνου τοῦ Φιλομήτορος ἡ κατ' Αἴγυπτον ἀρχή, παραχωρήσαντος τῷ ἀδελφῷ τὴν Λιβύης καὶ Κυρήνης ἀρχὴν μετὰ τὴν ἐν Κύπρῳ μάχην, καθ' ἣν ἐλαττω θεὶς ὁ νεώτερος Πτολεμαῖος ἀβλαβὴς ἔμεινε, φιλανθρώπως αὐτῷ χρησα μένου τοῦ πρεσβυτέρου καὶ μὴ μόνον τὴν εἰρημένην ἐγχωρήσαντος αὐτῷ χώραν, ἀλλὰ καὶ σίτου πλῆθος λαμβάνειν κατ' ἐνιαυτόν, τοῦτο μὲν διὰ χρηστότητα καὶ συγγένειαν φυσικήν, τοῦτο δέ, ὥς φασι, καὶ διὰ τὸν ἀπὸ τῶν Ῥωμαίων φόβον ὑπερασπιζομένων αὐτοῦ. κρατεῖ γοῦν ὁ αὐτὸς Φιλο μήτωρ μετὰ τὸ ιζʹ ἔτος ἄλλα ἔτη ιηʹ. οὗ κατὰ τὴν Συρίαν ἀποθανόντος (ἐγκρατὴς γὰρ καὶ τῶν ἐκεῖσε γέγονε τόπων) μετακληθεὶς ἐκ Κυρήνης ὁ Εὐεργέτης λεγόμενος βʹ κρατεῖ τῆς Αἰγύπτου λοιπὰ ἔτη κθʹ μόνος μετὰ θάνατον τοῦ πρεσβυτέρου ἀδελφοῦ, ὡς γίνεσθαι τὸν ἅπαντα χρόνον τῶν ἑκατέρων ἀδελφῶν λεʹ καὶ κθʹ, ἤτοι ἔτη ξδʹ. ∆ιόδωρος δέ φησιν ὅτι ιεʹ ὁ νεώτερος Πτολεμαῖος ἐβασίλευσε μετὰ τὸν πρεσβύτερον ἀδελφόν, πολ λάς τε παρανομίας διεπράξατο, τήν τε ἰδίαν ἀδελφὴν Κλεοπάτραν γήμας καὶ πολλοὺς περιβαλὼν ψευδῶς ὡς ἐπιβουλεύοντας αὐτῷ, καὶ τοὺς μὲν ἀναιρῶν, τοὺς δὲ συκοφαντίαις φυγαδεύων καὶ τὰς οὐσίας αὐτῶν ἀφαι ρούμενος. 343 ΣΥΡΙΑΣ ΚΑΙ ΑΣΙΑΣ ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΣ Συρίας καὶ Ἀσίας δʹ ἐβασίλευσεν Ἀντίοχος ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, ὁ ἐπικληθεὶς Καλλίνικος, ὁ αὐτὸς καὶ Σέλευκος, ἔτη καʹ. τοῦ δὲ κόσμου ἦν ἔτος εσληʹ. Ἐπὶ τούτου τοῦ Ἀντιόχου Πέρσαι τῆς Μακεδόνων καὶ Ἀντιόχων ἀρχῆς ἀπέστησαν, ὑπ' αὐτοὺς τελοῦντες ἀπὸ Ἀλεξάνδρου τοῦ κτιστοῦ, διὰ τοιαύ την αἰτίαν. Ἀρσάκης τις καὶ Τηριδάτης ἀδελφοὶ τὸ γένος ἕλκοντες ἀπὸ τοῦ Περσῶν Ἀρταξέρξου ἐσατράπευον Βακτρίων ἐπὶ Ἀγαθοκλέους Μακεδόνος ἐπάρχου τῆς Περσικῆς. ὃς Ἀγαθοκλῆς ἐρασθεὶς Τηριδάτου, ὡς Ἀρριανός φησιν, ἑνὸς τῶν ἀδελφῶν, καὶ τὸν νεανίσκον σπουδάζων ἐπιβουλεῦσαι, δι αμαρτήσας ἀνῃρέθη παρ' αὐτοῦ καὶ Ἀρσάκου τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ αὐτοῦ, καὶ βασι λεύει Περσῶν Ἀρσάκης, ἀφ' οὗ οἱ Περσῶν βασιλεῖς Ἀρσακίδαι ἐχρημάτισαν, ἔτη βʹ, καὶ ἀναιρεῖται, καὶ μετ' αὐτὸν Τηριδάτης ἀδελφὸς ἔτη λζʹ. Συρίας εʹ ἐβασίλευσε Σέλευκος ὁ καὶ Ἀλέξανδρος, υἱὸς Σελεύκου τοῦ