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“The first man was from the earth, a man of dust; the second man is the Lord from heaven. As was the man of dust, so also are those who are of the dust; and as is the man of heaven, so also are those who are of heaven.” He calls Adam the first and earthy man, as it is written: “And God formed man of dust from the ground.” Having been formed, therefore, earthy from the ground and having received the breath of life, which the Word knows to call a rational soul and image of God, he was placed in paradise, having received a commandment to cultivate and to keep it. In what way? So that, as long as he kept this and worked in it, he might remain immortal and eternally rival the angels and with them ceaselessly hymn God and receive the illuminations from there and see God intellectually and hear His divine voices, but in the hour that he should transgress the commandment given to him and eat from the tree from which God commanded him not to eat, he would be given over to death and be maimed in the eyes of his soul, being stripped of the garment of divine glory, and his ears would be stopped up and he would fall from that very life with the angels and be cast out of paradise. Which is what happened when he transgressed, and he fell from immortal and eternal life. For once Adam transgressed the commandment of God and offered his ear for the deceiving devil to whisper into, and was persuaded by him, having been made to hear his cunning words, (357) speaking against the Master who made him, he tasted of the tree and, looking up with his senses, and seeing the nakedness of his body with passion, he was rightly deprived of all good things, having become deaf so as not to hear with profane ears divine words in a God-pleasing and spiritual manner, which are sounded only to those who are worthy of them, but neither could he behold that ineffable glory, as he had willingly turned his mind from it and perceived with passion the fruit of the tree and believed the serpent who said: “In the hour you eat of it, you will be like gods, knowing good and evil.

This earthy man, therefore, deceived by the hope of deification and partaking of it, was completely deprived of all intelligible and heavenly goods and was brought down to the passionate sensation of earthly and visible creatures; and he became, to say the same things again, toward those things from which he fell, deaf, blind, naked, insensible, mortal as well and corruptible and irrational, likened to senseless beasts according to the prophet who cries thus: “He was compared to senseless beasts and was likened to them.” Have you learned from what glory and immortal delight and life man was brought down to what dishonor, to what shame and ignorance, into what poverty he fell from most blessed wealth? Thus, therefore, became and was, even if we have not been able to say everything, the first man, the one of dust from the earth.

Let us see, then, and be taught by the divine Scriptures what sort of man is also the second man, the Lord from heaven. This one, God from God, unoriginate offspring of an unoriginate Father, bodiless of the bodiless, incomprehensible of the incomprehensible, eternal of the eternal, unapproachable of the unapproachable, uncontainable of the uncontainable, (358) immortal of the immortal, invisible of the invisible, Word of God and God, through whom all things were made, things in heaven and things on earth and, to speak concisely, being thus and remaining such in the Father and having the Father remaining in Him, not being separated from Him, not leaving Him at all, He came down to the earth and was incarnate of the Holy Spirit and Mary the virgin; and He became man, having become equal to us in all things without change, apart from sin, so that by passing through all that is ours He might re-forge and renew that first man and through him all those born and being born from him, being like the one who begot them. For since Adam the begetter became corruptible and mortal—and I will add also deaf and blind—from the transgression, and was rendered naked of the divine garment and insensible, just as this earthy man was, so also all those born from him have become earthy, corruptible, mortal,

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«Ὁ πρῶτος ἄνθρωπος ἐκ γῆς χοϊκός, ὁ δεύτερος ἄνθρωπος ὁ Κύριος ἐξ οὐρανοῦ. Οἷος ὁ χοϊκός, τοιοῦτοι καί οἱ χοϊκοί· καί οἷος ὁ ἐπουράνιος, τοιοῦτοι καί οἱ ἐπουράνιοι». Πρῶτον καί χοϊκόν ἄνθρωπον τόν Ἀδάμ φησι, καθώς γέγραπται· «Καί ἔπλασεν ὁ Θεός τόν ἄνθρωπον χοῦν λαβών ἀπό τῆς γῆς». Πλασθείς οὖν χοϊκός ἀπό τῆς γῆς καί πνεῦμα λαβών ζωῆς, ὅ ψυχήν νοεράν καί εἰκόνα Θεοῦ οἶδεν ὁ Λόγος καλεῖν, ἐτέθη ἐν τῷ παραδείσῳ, λαβών ἐντολήν ἐργάζεσθαι καί φυλάσσειν. Τίνα τρόπον; Ἵνα, ἕως ἄν ταύτην φυλάσσοι καί ἐν ταύτῃ ἐργάζοιτο, ἀθάνατος διαμένῃ καί ἀϊδίως τοῖς ἀγγέλοις συναμιλλᾶται καί σύν αὐτοῖς ἀενάως τόν Θεόν ἀνυμνῇ καί δέχηται τάς ἐκεῖθεν ἐλλάμψεις καί Θεόν ὁρᾷ νοερῶς καί τῶν ἐκείνου ἐπακούῃ θείων φωνῶν, ᾗ δ᾿ ἄν ὥρᾳ τήν δοθεῖσαν αὐτῷ ἐντολήν παραβῇ καί φάγῃ ἀπό τοῦ ξύλου, οὗ προσέταξεν αὐτῷ ὁ Θεός μή φαγεῖν, θανάτῳ παραδοθῇ καί τούς ὀφθαλμούς τῆς ψυχῆς πηρωθῇ, τήν καταστολήν τῆς θείας δόξης ἀποδυθείς, καί ἐμφραγῇ τά ὦτα καί αὐτῆς τῆς μετά τῶν ἀγγέλων ἐκπέσῃ διαγωγῆς καί τοῦ παραδείσου ἐκδιωχθῇ. Ὅ καί παραβάντι συνέβη καί ἐξέπεσε τῆς ἀθανάτου καί ἀϊδίου ζωῆς. Ἅπαξ γάρ τήν ἐντολήν τοῦ Θεοῦ ὁ Ἀδάμ παραβάς καί τῷ ἀπατεῶνι διαβόλῳ τό οὖς ἑαυτοῦ παρασχών ψιθυρίσαι καί πεισθείς αὐτῷ, τῶν δολίων αὐτοῦ ῥημάτων ἀκουτισθείς, (357) λαλοῦντι κατά τοῦ πεποιηκότος ∆εσπότου, τοῦ ξύλου ἐγεύσατο καί, αἰσθητῶς ἀναβλέψας, ἐμπαθῶς τε τήν γύμνωσιν τοῦ σώματος αὐτοῦ θεασάμενος καί ἰδών, ἁπάντων ἐστερήθη δικαίως τῶν ἀγαθῶν, κωφεύσας τοῦ μηκέτι ἐπακούειν ὠσί βεβήλοις λόγους θείους θεοπρεπῶς τε καί πνευματικῶς, τούς ἐνηχουμένους μόνοις τοῖς ἀξίοις αὐτοῖς, ἀλλά γάρ μήτε τήν δόξαν ἐκείνην τήν ἄρρητον καθορᾶν, ὡς ἀποστήσας ἐκ ταύτης ἑκουσίως τόν νοῦν αὐτοῦ καί κατανοήσας ἐμπαθῶς τόν τοῦ δένδρου καρπόν καί τῷ εἰπόντι πιστεύσας ὄφει· «Ἧ δ᾿ ἄν ὥρᾳ φάγητε ἀπ᾿ αὐτοῦ, ἔσεσθε ὡς θεοί, γινώσκοντες καλόν καί πονηρόν.

Οὗτος οὖν ὁ χοϊκός ἄνθρωπος ἐλπίδι θεώσεως ἀπατηθείς καί μεταλαβών ἐξ αὐτοῦ, τόν νοητῶν ἁπάντων καί οὐρανίων ἀγαθῶν ὁλικῶς ἀπεστερήθη καί εἰς τήν ἐμπαθῆ τῶν ἐπιγείων καί ὁρωμένων κτισμάτων αἴσθησιν κατηνέχθη· καί γέγονεν, ἵνα τά αὐτά πάλιν εἴπω, πρός τά ἐξ ὧν ἐξέπεσε κωφός, τυφλός, γυμνός, ἀναίσθητος, θνητός τε αὖ καί φθαρτός καί ἄλογος, τοῖς ἀνοήτοις ὁμοιωθείς κτήνεσι κατά τόν οὕτω βοῶντα προφήτην· «Παρασυνεβλήθη τοῖς κτήνεσι τοῖς ἀνοήτοις καί ὡμοιώθη αὐτοῖς». Ἔμαθες ἐξ οἵας δόξης καί ἀθανάτου τρυφῆς τε καί διαγωγῆς εἰς οἵαν ἀτιμίαν ὁ ἄνθρωπος κατηνέχθη, εἰς οἵαν αἰσχύνην καί ἄγνοιαν, εἰς οἴαν πτωχείαν ἐκ πλούτου πολυόλβου κατέπεσεν; Οὕτω τοίνυν ἐγένετο καί ἦν, εἰ καί μή πάντα εἰπεῖν ἠδυνήθημεν, ὁ πρῶτος ἄνθρωπος, ὁ ἐκ γῆς χοϊκός.

Ἴδωμεν οὖν καί ἀπό τῶν θείων διδαχθῶμεν Γραφῶν ὁποῖος ὑπάρχει καί ὁ δεύτερον ἄνθρωπος, ὁ Κύριος ἐξ οὐρανοῦ. Οὗτος, Θεός ἐκ Θεοῦ, ἀνάρχου πατρός ἄναρχον γέννημα, ἀσωμάτου ἀσώματον, ἀκαταλήπτου ἀκατάληπτον, αἰωνίου αἰώνιον, ἀπροσίτου ἀπρόσιτον, ἀχωρήτου ἀχώρητον, (358) ἀθανάτου ἀθάνατον, ἀοράτου ἀόρατον, Λόγος Θεοῦ καί Θεός, δι᾿ οὗ τά πάντα ἐγένετο τά ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ τά ἐπί τῆς γῆς καί, ἵνα συνελών εἴπω, οὕτως ὤν καί τοιοῦτος μένων ἐν τῷ Πατρί καί τόν Πατέρα ἔχων μένοντα ἐν αὐτῷ, μή χωρισθείς ἐξ αὐτοῦ, μή καταλιπών ὅλως αὐτόν, κατῆλθεν ἐπί τῆς γῆς καί ἐσαρκώθη ἐκ Πνεύματος Ἁγίου καί Μαρίας τῆς παρθένου· καί ἐνηνθρώπησεν, ἴσος ἡμῖν ἀτρέπτως κατά πάντα γενόμενος χωρίς ἁμαρτίας, ἵνα διά πάντων τῶν ἡμετέρων διελθών ἀναχωνεύσῃ καί ἀνακαινίσῃ τόν πρῶτον ἐκεῖνον ἄνθρωπον καί δι᾿ ἐκείνου πάντας τούς ἐξ αὐτοῦ γεννηθέντας καί γεννωμένους, ὁμοίους ὄντας τῷ τεκόντι αὐτούς. Ἐπειδή γάρ ὁ τεκών Ἀδάμ φθαρτός καί θνητός, προσθήσω δέ καί κωφός καί τυφλός, ἀπό τῆς παραβάσεως γέγονε, γυμνός τε τῆς ἐνθέου καταστολῆς καί ἀναίσθητος ἐχρημάτισεν, οἷος οὗτος ὁ χοϊκός, τοιοῦτοι καί πάντες οἱ ἐκ αὐτοῦ γεννηθέντες χοϊκοί γεγόνασι, φθαρτοί, θνητοί,