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of his soul. Therefore, one ought to examine himself in this also, whether he is truly meek, for such a man does not tolerate seeing a transgression of God's commandment in anyone, but as if he himself were sinning, he mourns unceasingly for those who sin; then likewise, if he hungers and thirsts for the righteousness of God; for it is possible to find someone pursuing a certain righteousness, without hungering or thirsting for it; for God is righteousness, just as you hear Him called the sun of righteousness. He who hungers and thirsts for Him, therefore, considers the whole world and the things in the world as refuse, and he reckons the honors of rulers as shame, or is not at all sensible of human honors.

(402) And again: "Blessed are the merciful." Who then are the merciful? Those who give money and feed the poor? No! But who? Those who have become poor for the sake of Him who became poor for us and have nothing to give, but who are ever mindful in spirit of the poor and widows and orphans and those in sickness, and often seeing and sympathizing with them and weeping fervently for them, such as was Job, who said: "But I wept for every helpless man," who also, whenever they have something, show mercy to them with cheerfulness and ungrudgingly remind all of the things that lead to salvation of the soul, obeying the one who said: "I learned without guile, and I impart without grudging." These are they who are blessed by the Lord, the truly merciful; for which reason also from such mercy, as by a certain step, they ascend and attain to the perfect purity of soul.

From this, therefore, and for this reason, God has blessed the pure in heart, saying thus: "Blessed are the pure in heart, for they shall see God," knowing, as He is God and our lawgiver, that unless our soul comes into such a disposition, it neither mourns perpetually, nor becomes completely meek, nor thirsts for God, nor is purified from the passions, nor becomes like a clean mirror. And if these things do not happen, it will never see the face of the Master purely within itself; but the one that has become such sees God completely and is reconciled to Him, and peace comes about between our Creator and God and the soul that was formerly hostile to Him, and then (403) it is blessed by God as a peacemaker; "For blessed," He says, "are the peacemakers, for they shall be called sons of God," those who have consciously reconciled themselves to Him who came to give peace to those near and to those far, to Him who came to reconcile us, being enemies, to His own Father and to unite the divided into one, that is, to impart to us the Holy Spirit and for Him to take our flesh. Those, therefore, who have seen Him, it is quite clear that they have also been truly reconciled to Him, having achieved the peace that was sought and having become sons of God. "But if it is God who justifies, who is he that condemns? But if you do not love your brother, whom you have seen, how can you love God, whom you have not seen? But if we cannot love Him, or rather to say, we are not willing, it is clear that we have not been reconciled to Him. But let us be eager to see and be reconciled and love Him, brothers, as He Himself commanded, with all our soul.

Then again he hears Him say: "Blessed are they who are persecuted for righteousness' sake," and he reflects, examining himself, whether he has been persecuted for the sake of a commandment of God, since "all who desire to live in Christ will be persecuted," as the apostle says. Therefore, adding to this, He says: "Blessed are you, when they revile you and persecute you and say all kinds of evil against you falsely for my sake. Rejoice and be glad, for your reward is great in heaven." For what reason, then, did He place last those who are persecuted and reviled, and commands with authority, exclaiming to them, "Rejoice and be glad"? (404) Because he who has shown repentance worthy of his own transgressions and has thereby become humble, so that to you again

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ψυχῆς αὐτοῦ. ∆ιό βλέπειν ὀφείλει τις καί ἐν τούτῳ ἑαυτόν, εἰ πρᾶος ὄντως ἐστίν ὁ γάρ τοιοῦτος ἐν οὐδενί ἀνέχεται παράβασιν ἰδεῖν τῆς ἐντολῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἀλλ᾿ ὡς ἐκεῖνος ἁμαρτάνων ὑπέρ τῶν ἁμαρτανόντων ἀδιαλείπτως θρηνεῖ · εἶθ᾿ οὕτως, εἰ τήν δικαιοσύνην πεινᾷ καί διψᾷ τοῦ Θεοῦ· ἔστι γάρ καί δικαιοσύνην τινά μετιόντα εὑρεῖν, μή πεινῶντα μηδέ διψῶντα αὐτήν· δικαιοσύνη γάρ ὁ Θεός ἐστιν, ὥσπερ ἥλιον αὐτόν δικαιοσύνης ἀκούεις καλούμενον. Ὁ γοῦν πεινῶν αὐτόν καί διψῶν, τόν κόσμον ὅλον καί τά ἐν κόσμῳ ἡγεῖται σκύβαλα, τιμάς δέ ἀρχόντων ὡς αἰσχύνην ταῦτα λογίζεται ἤ οὐδόλως τῶν ἀνθρωπίνων τιμῶν ἐπαισθάνεται.

(402) Καί αὖθις· "Μακάριοι οἱ ἐλεήμονες". Ἄρα τίνες εἰσίν οἱ ἐλεήμονες; Οἱ τά χρήματα διδόντες καί διατρέφοντες πένητας; οὔ! Ἀλλά τίνες; Οἱ πτωχεύσαντες διά τόν πτωχεύσαντα δι᾿ ἡμᾶς καί μηδέν ἔχοντες δοῦναι, τῶν δέ πτωχῶν καί χηρῶν καί ὀρφανῶν καί τῶν ἐν ἀσθενείᾳ νοερῶς ἀεί μεμνημένοι, πολλάκις δέ καί ὁρῶντες καί συμπαθοῦντες τούτοις καί ὑπέρ αὐτῶν θερμῶς κλαίοντες, οἷος ἦν ὁ Ἰώβ λέγων· "Ἐγώ δέ ἔκλαυσα ἐπί παντί ἀδυνάτῳ", οἵτινες καί ὅταν ἔχωσιν ἐλεοῦσι τούτους ἐν ἱλαρότητι καί τά πρός σωτηρίαν ψυχῆς πάντας ἀφθόνως ὑπομιμνήσκοντες, τῷ εἰρηκότι πειθόμενοι· "Ἀδόλως τε ἔμαθον ἀφθόνως τε μεταδίδωμι". Οὗτοί εἰσιν οἱ ὑπό Κυρίου μακαριζόμενοι, οἱ ἀληθεῖς ἐλεήμονες· διό καί ἐκ τῆς τοιαύτης ἐλεημοσύνης, ὡς διά βαθμίδος τινός, εἰς τήν τῆς ψυχῆς τελείαν ἀνιόντες φθάνουσι καθαρότητα.

Ἔνθεν τοι καί ἀπό ταύτης ὁ Θεός τούς καθαρούς ἐμακάρισε τήν καρδίαν, οὕτως εἰπών· "Μακάριοι οἱ καθαροί τῇ καρδίᾳ, ὅτι αὐτοί τόν Θεόν ὄψονται", εἰδώς ὡς ἅτε Θεός καί νομοθέτης ἡμῶν, ὅτι εἰ μή εἰς τοιαύτην ἔλθῃ διάθεσιν ἡ ψυχή ἡμῶν, οὔτε ἀεννάως πενθεῖ, οὔτε πραεῖα τελείως γίνεται, οὔτε διψᾷ τόν Θεόν, οὔτε τῶν παθῶν καθαίρεται, οὔτε ὡς ἔσοπτρον καθαρόν γίνεται. Εἰ δέ μή ταῦτα γένηται, οὐδέ καθαρῶς τό πρόσωπον ἐν ἑαυτῇ ποτε τοῦ ∆εσπότου θεάσεται· ἡ δέ γενομένη τοιαύτῃ ὁρᾷ τόν Θεόν ἐκ παντός καί καταλάσσεται αὐτῷ, καί γίνεται εἰρήνη ἀναμεταξύ τοῦ Ποιητοῦ ἡμῶν καί Θεοῦ καί τῆς πρῴην ἐχθρᾶς οὔσης αὐτῷ ψυχῆς, καί τηνικαῦτα (403) ὡς εἰρηνοποιός παρά τοῦ Θεοῦ μακαρίζεται· "Μακάριοι γάρ, φησίν, οἱ εἰρηνοποιοί, ὅτι αὐτοί υἱοί Θεοῦ κληθήσονται", οἱ τῷ ἐλθόντι δοῦναι εἰρήνην τοῖς ἐγγύς καί τοῖς μακράν ἑαυτούς γνωστῶς καταλλάξαντες, τῷ καταλλάξαι ἡμᾶς ἐχθρούς ὄντας τῷ ἰδίῳ Πατρί καί ἑνῶσαι ἐλθόντι τά διεστῶτα εἰς ἕν, τουτέστι μεταδοῦναι ἡμῖν Πνεύματος Ἁγίου καί λαβεῖν αὐτόν σάρκα τήν ἡμετέραν. Οἱ τοίνυν ἰδόντες αὐτόν, εὔδηλον ὅτι καί αὐτῷ ἀληθῶς κατηλλάγησαν, τήν ζητουμένην εἰρήνην ἀποτελέσαντες καί υἱοί Θεοῦ γεγονότες. "Θεός δέ ὁ δικαιῶν, τίς ὁ κατακρίνων; Εἰ δέ τόν ἀδελφόν σου σύ, οὐκ ἀγαπᾷς, τόν Θεόν, ὅν οὐχ ἐώρακας, πῶς δύνασι ἀγαπᾶν; Εἰ δέ ἀγαπᾶν αὐτόν οὐ δυνάμεθα ἤ μᾶλλον εἰπεῖν οὐ βουλόμεθα, δῆλον ὅτι οὐδέ κατηλλάγημεν αὐτῷ. Ἀλλά σπουδάσωμεν ἰδεῖν καί καταλλαγῆναι καί ἀγαπῆσαι αὐτόν, ἀδελφοί, ὡς αὐτός ἐνετείλατο, ἐξ ὅλης ψυχῆς.

Εἶτα πάλιν ἀκούει λέγοντος· "Μακάριοι οἱ δεδιωγμένοι ἕνεκεν δικαιοσύνης", καί καταστοχάζεται ἐρευνῶν ἑαυτόν, εἰ ἕνεκεν ἐντολῆς ἐδιώχθη Θεοῦ, ἐπειδή "πάντες ὅσοι ἐν Χριστῷ θέλουσι ζῆν διωχθήσονται", καθώς φησιν ὁ ἀπόστολος. ∆ιό καί ἐπιφέρων φησί· "Μακάριοί ἐστε, ὅταν ὀνειδίσωσιν ὑμᾶς καί διώξωσι καί εἴπωσι πᾶν πονηρόν ῥῆμα καθ᾿ ὑμῶν ψευδόμενοι ἕνεκεν ἐμοῦ. Χαίρετε καί ἀγαλλιᾶσθε, ὅτι ὁ μισθός ὑμῶν πολύς ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς". Τίνος οὖν ἕνεκεν ἔσχατον τέθηκε τούς δεδιωγμένους καί ὀνειδιζομένους, καί προστάσσει μετ᾿ ἐξουσίας ἐπιφωνῶν αὐτοῖς τό "Χαίρετε καί ἀγαλλιᾶσθε"; (404) Ἐπειδή ὁ μετάνοιαν ἀξίαν τῶν ἑαυτοῦ πλημμελημάτων ἐπιδειξάμενος καί ταπεινός ἐντεῦθεν γενόμενος ἵνα σοι πάλιν