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160

Peter, who presided most illustriously over the parishes in Alexandria, a divine treasure of bishops both for the virtue of his life and his training in the sacred scriptures, was snatched away for no reason, with no previous expectation, so suddenly and irrationally, as Maximian had commanded, his head was cut off, and with him many other bishops throughout Egypt endured the same thing; 9.6.3 And Lucian, a man excellent in all things, distinguished for his temperate life and his training in sacred learning, a presbyter of the parish in Antioch, was brought to the city of Nicomedia, where the emperor happened to be staying at that time, and after he had offered before the magistrate a defense of the teaching for which he presided, he was delivered to prison and killed. 9.6.4 So many things, indeed, in a short time were contrived against us by the hater-of-good, Maximinus, that this persecution seemed to have arisen against us far more severe than the former. 9.7.1 In the middle of the cities, a thing which had never been done before, decrees of the cities against us and copies of the imperial edicts in response to these were erected, engraved on bronze pillars, and the children in the schools had upon their lips Jesus and Pilate and the fictitious acts forged for insult, every day. 9.7.2 At this point it seems to me necessary to insert this very document of Maximinus which was set up on the pillars, so that both the arrogant and haughty presumption of the man's God-hatedness might be made manifest, and also the sleepless hatred of evil against the impious of the sacred justice which pursued him at his heels, by which being driven, not long after he planned the opposite concerning us and decreed it through written laws. 9.7.3 COPY OF A TRANSLATION OF THE RESCRIPT OF MAXIMINUS IN RESPONSE TO THE DECREES AGAINST US, TRANSCRIBED FROM THE PILLAR IN TYRE «At last the feeble audacity of the human mind has had the strength to shake off and scatter all the obscurity and mist of error, which before this besieged the senses not so much of the impious as of wretched men, who were enveloped in the destructive darkness of ignorance, and to recognize that it is directed and established by the kind providence of the immortal gods; 9.7.4 It is impossible to say how gratifying, how very pleasant and delightful this thing has been to us, that you have given the greatest proof of your God-loving purpose, since even before this it was unknown to no one what observance and piety you showed toward the immortal gods, to whom is known not the faith of bare and empty words, but of continuous and extraordinary works of renown. 9.7.5 Therefore your city might worthily be called a seat and dwelling of the immortal gods; for it is shown by many examples that it flourishes by the presence of the heavenly gods. 9.7.6 Behold, therefore, your city, having disregarded all its private interests and having passed over its former petitions for its own affairs, when it perceived again that the adherents of the accursed vanity were beginning to creep forth and, as if a neglected and sleeping pyre with its torches rekindled were filling up with the greatest conflagrations, immediately, without any delay, fled to our piety, as to the metropolis of all piety, demanding some cure and help; 9.7.7 It is clear that the gods have put this salutary intention into you on account of the faith of your piety. Therefore that one, that one, the highest and greatest Jupiter, who presides over your most illustrious city, who preserves your ancestral gods and wives and children and hearth and homes from all destructive ruin, has breathed into your souls this saving will, showing and making plain how excellent and splendid and salutary it is to approach with the due reverence the worship and sacred rites of the immortal gods.

160

Πέτρος τῶν κατ' Ἀλεξάνδρειαν παροικιῶν προστὰς ἐπιφανέστατα, θεῖον ἐπισκόπων χρῆμα βίου τε ἀρετῆς ἕνεκα καὶ τῆς τῶν ἱερῶν λόγων συνασκήσεως, ἐξ οὐδεμιᾶς ἀνάρπαστος γεγονὼς αἰτίας, μηδεμιᾶς προλαβούσης προσδοκίας, ἀθρόως οὕτως καὶ ἀλόγως, ὡς ἂν Μαξιμίνου προστάξαντος, τὴν κεφαλὴν ἀποτέμνεται, σὺν αὐτῷ δὲ καὶ τῶν κατ' Αἴγυπτον ἐπισκόπων ἄλλοι πλείους ταὐτὸν ὑπομένουσιν· 9.6.3 Λουκιανός τε, ἀνὴρ τὰ πάντα ἄριστος βίῳ τε ἐγκρατεῖ καὶ τοῖς ἱεροῖς μαθήμασιν συγκεκροτημένος, τῆς κατὰ Ἀντιόχειαν παροικίας πρεσβύτερος, ἀχθεὶς ἐπὶ τῆς Νικομηδέων πόλεως, ἔνθα τηνικαῦτα βασιλεὺς διατρίβων ἐτύγχανεν, παρασχών τε ἐπὶ τοῦ ἄρχοντος τὴν ὑπὲρ ἧς προΐστατο διδασκαλίας ἀπολογίαν, δεσμωτηρίῳ παραδοθεὶς κτίννυται. 9.6.4 τοσαῦτα δῆτα ἐν βραχεῖ τῷ μισοκάλῳ Μαξιμίνῳ καθ' ἡμῶν συνεσκεύαστο, ὡς τοῦ προτέρου δοκεῖν πολλῷ χαλεπώτερον τοῦτον ἡμῖν ἐπεγηγέρθαι διωγμόν. 9.7.1 Ἀνὰ μέσας γέ τοι τὰς πόλεις, ὃ μηδὲ ἄλλοτέ ποτε, ψηφίσματα πόλεων καθ' ἡμῶν καὶ βασιλικῶν πρὸς ταῦτα διατάξεων ἀντιγραφαὶ στήλαις ἐντετυπωμένα χαλκαῖς ἀνωρθοῦντο, οἵ τε παῖδες ἀνὰ τὰ διδασκαλεῖα Ἰησοῦν καὶ Πιλάτον καὶ τὰ ἐφ' ὕβρει πλασθέντα ὑπομνήματα διὰ στόματος κατὰ πᾶσαν ἔφερον ἡμέραν. 9.7.2 ἐνταῦθά μοι ἀναγκαῖον εἶναι φαίνεται αὐτὴν δὴ ταύτην τὴν ἐν στήλαις ἀνατεθεῖσαν τοῦ Μαξιμίνου γραφὴν ἐντάξαι, ἵν' ὁμοῦ τῆς τε τοῦ ἀνδρὸς θεομισείας ἡ ἀλαζὼν καὶ ὑπερήφανος αὐθάδεια φανερὰ κατασταίη καὶ τῆς παρὰ πόδας αὐτὸν μετελθούσης ἱερᾶς δίκης ἡ ἄϋπνος κατὰ τῶν ἀσεβῶν μισοπονηρία, πρὸς ἧς ἐλαθεὶς οὐκ εἰς μακρὸν τἀναντία περὶ ἡμῶν ἐβουλεύσατό τε καὶ δι' ἐγγράφων νόμων ἐδογμάτισεν. 9.7.3 ΑΝΤΙΓΡΑΦΟΝ ΕΡΜΗΝΕΙΑΣ ΤΗΣ ΜΑΞΙΜΙΝΟΥ ΠΡΟΣ ΤΑ ΚΑΘ' ΗΜΩΝ ΨΗΦΙΣΜΑΤΑ ΑΝΤΙΓΡΑΦΗΣ ΑΠΟ ΤΗΣ ΕΝ ΤΥΡΩΙ ΣΤΗΛΗΣ ΜΕΤΑΛΗΦΘΕΙΣΗΣ «Ἤδη ποτὲ ἡ ἀσθενὴς θρασύτης τῆς ἀνθρωπίνης διανοίας ἴσχυσεν πᾶσαν πλάνης ἀμαυρότητα καὶ ὁμίχλην ἀποσεισαμένη καὶ ἀνασκεδάσασα, ἥτις πρὸ τούτου οὐ τοσοῦτον τῶν ἀσεβῶν ὅσον τῶν ἀθλίων ἀνθρώπων τὰς αἰσθήσεις ὀλεθρίῳ ἀγνοίας σκότῳ ἐνειληθείσας ἐπολιόρκει, ἐπιγνῶναι ὡς τῇ τῶν ἀθανάτων θεῶν φιλαγάθῳ προνοίᾳ διοικεῖται καὶ σταθεροποιεῖται· 9.7.4 ὅπερ πρᾶγμα ἄπιστόν ἐστιν εἰπεῖν ὅπως κεχαρισμένον ὅπως τε ἥδιστον καὶ προσφιλὲς ἡμῖν γέγονεν ὡς μέγιστον δεῖγμα τῆς θεοφιλοῦς ὑμῶν προαιρέσεως δεδωκέναι, ὁπότε καὶ πρὸ τούτου οὐδενὶ ἄγνωστον ἦν ὁποίας παρατηρήσεως καὶ θεοσεβείας πρὸς τοὺς ἀθανάτους θεοὺς ἐτυγχάνετε ὄντες, οἷς οὐ ψιλῶν καὶ ὑποκένων ῥημάτων πίστις, ἀλλὰ συνεχῆ καὶ παράδοξα ἔργων ἐπισήμων γνωρίζεται. 9.7.5 διόπερ ἐπαξίως ἡ ὑμετέρα πόλις θεῶν ἀθανάτων φόβον ἵδρυμά τε καὶ οἰκητήριον ἐπικαλοῖτο· πολλοῖς γοῦν παραδείγμασιν καταφαίνεται τῇ τῶν οὐρανίων θεῶν αὐτὴν ἐπιδημίᾳ ἀνθεῖν. 9.7.6 ἰδοὺ τοίνυν ἡ ὑμετέρα πόλις πάντων τῶν ἰδίᾳ διαφερόντων αὐτῆς ἀμελήσασα καὶ τὰς πρότερον τῶν ὑπὲρ αὐτῆς πραγμάτων δεήσεις παριδοῦσα, ὅτε πάλιν ᾔσθετο τοὺς τῆς ἐπαράτου ματαιότητος γεγονότας ἕρπειν ἄρχεσθαι καὶ ὥσπερ ἀμεληθεῖσαν καὶ κεκοιμημένην πυρὰν ἀναζωπυρουμένων τῶν πυρσῶν μεγίστας πυρκαϊὰς ἀναπληροῦσαν, εὐθέως πρὸς τὴν ἡμετέραν εὐσέβειαν, ὥσπερ πρὸς μητρόπολιν πασῶν θεοσεβειῶν, χωρίς τινος μελλήσεως κατέφυγεν, ἴασίν τινα καὶ βοήθειαν ἀπαιτοῦσα· 9.7.7 ἥντινα διάνοιαν σωτηριώδη διὰ τὴν πίστιν τῆς ὑμετέρας θεοσεβείας τοὺς θεοὺς ὑμῖν ἐμβεβληκέναι δῆλόν ἐστιν. ἐκεῖνος τοιγαροῦν, ἐκεῖνος ὁ ὕψιστος καὶ μέγιστος Ζεύς, ὁ προκαθήμενος τῆς λαμπροτάτης ὑμῶν πόλεως, ὁ τοὺς πατρῴους ὑμῶν θεοὺς καὶ γυναῖκας καὶ τέκνα καὶ ἑστίαν καὶ οἴκους ἀπὸ πάσης ὀλεθρίου φθορᾶς ῥυόμενος, ταῖς ὑμετέραις ψυχαῖς τὸ σωτήριον ἐνέπνευσεν βούλημα, ἐπιδεικνὺς καὶ ἐμφαίνων ὅπως ἐξαίρετόν ἐστιν καὶ λαμπρὸν καὶ σωτηριῶδες μετὰ τοῦ ὀφειλομένου σεβάσματος τῇ θρῃσκείᾳ καὶ ταῖς ἱεροθρῃσκείαις τῶν ἀθανάτων θεῶν προσιέναι.