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Cyzicenus for 18 years. And again Grypus, having cast out Cyzicenus, reigned the remaining 4 years, and thus they warred against each other in succession. Antiochus Grypus, together with Hyrcanus, having defeated a certain Sindas, a general of the Parthians, set up a trophy by the Lycus river. 352 In Sicily, the Servile War. The slaves in Sicily, being besieged, turned to cannibalism. And it was the year of the world 5360. Seleucus, son of Antiochus Grypus, having cast out Cyzicenus, ruled for a short time. Antiochus Cyzicenus burned Seleucus alive. Antiochus Cyzicenus, having fled to the Parthians, surrendered himself to Pompey. It must be known that this one is said to have been expelled by his mother, and Alexander his brother after him, driven out by the armies, is called the expelled one. When this aforementioned Alexander, son of Antiochus Epiphanes, fell in the battle against Ptolemy, the rule of Syria was divided between Demetrius, the son of Demetrius, who came from Seleucia, and Antiochus, the son of Alexander, who came from Syria and Antioch.but Demetrius, son of Demetrius, quickly defeating this one, seizes the rule for 3 years. whence he was also called Nicanor. But having marched against Arsaces to Babylon, he is taken captive by Arsaces and, being led up to Parthia, was kept in chains. whence he was also called Siderites later. This man, before his imprisonment in Parthia, having returned from Crete and taken control of Syria, ordered Apollonius to make war on the Jews; but Jonathan, with ten thousand chosen men, seized Joppa, having killed 8 of those with Apollonius. The same man, having burned Azotus, takes away their idol of Dagon. To this same Demetrius, son of Demetrius, surnamed Soter and Nicanor, Ptolemy gives his daughter Cleopatra, having taken her away from Alexander, together with the rule of Syria. But the forces of Demetrius revolted, and he begged Jonathan to send an army to him as an alliance in Antioch, promising to cleanse the cities of Judah of the gentile armies, if he should be victorious. And Jonathan sent him three thousand men, who also destroyed in Antioch 10 myriads of Greeks from among the citizens who had risen up against Demetrius, and they burned the city. But Demetrius, being victorious, broke all his promises to Jonathan. In these events, then, Jonathan is killed by Tryphon through treachery, and after him his son Simon rules for 8 years. 353 SCATTERED NOTES Oppius subdued the Celts. Around these times Carthage was taken for the last time by Scipio Africanus the Younger, being 640 years from its founding, but according to others 748. Arsaces the Parthian killed Antiochus Sidetes. Ptolemy, son of Abubus, after killing his own father-in-law Simon by treachery at a banquet, indicated to Antiochus that he should send a force to him in order to hand over Judea to him. But John, the son of Simon, having learned what had happened to his father and brothers at the hands of Ptolemy, kills those who came to him in Gazara, and having been befriended by Antiochus and having received the rule from the people, he kills the same Ptolemy, and he allies with Antiochus against the Hyrcanians; where John, having been greatly esteemed, was surnamed Hyrcanus, having performed many deeds of valor. And Simon is killed by Ptolemy, son of Abubus, at a banquet by the treachery of his own son-in-law, along with his sons except for John, which John, renamed Hyrcanus, ruled the Jews for 26 years, serving as general and high priest. Up to this point is contained the first book of the Maccabees, and the second the affairs concerning Seleucus and Antiochus Epiphanes and Antiochus Eupator and Demetrius Soter and Judas Maccabeus. and the third narrates the affairs concerning Ptolemy Philopator, how he planned to destroy the nation of the Jews 30 years before the reign of Antiochus Epiphanes; and this one is also first in time. and the fourth is a special work about the pious reason being the master of the passions and about the martyrdom of the seven with their mother in the time of Jonathan the

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Κυζίκιος ἔτη ιηʹ. καὶ πάλιν ὁ Γρυπὸς ἐκβαλὼν τὸν Κυζίκιον ἐβασίλευσε τὰ λοιπὰ ἔτη δʹ, καὶ οὕτως ἐκ διαδο χῆς ἐπολέμουν ἀλλήλους. Ἀντίοχος ἅμα Ὑρκανῷ ὁ Γρυπὸς Σίνδαν τινὰ στρατηγὸν τῶν Πάρθων νικήσας τρόπαιον ἔστησε παρὰ τῷ Λύκῳ ποταμῷ. 352 Κατὰ Σικελίαν ὁ δουλικὸς πόλεμος. οἱ ἐν Σικελίᾳ δοῦλοι πολιορκούμε νοι εἰς ἀλληλοφαγίαν ἐτράπησαν. τοῦ δὲ κόσμου ἦν ἔτος ετξʹ. Σέλευκος υἱὸς Ἀντιόχου τοῦ Γρυποῦ τὸν Κυζίκιον ἐκβαλὼν ἐκράτησε βραχύ. Σέλευκον ζῶντα κατέκαυσεν ὁ Κυζίκιος Ἀντίοχος. Ἀντίοχος ὁ Κυζίκιος φυγὼν εἰς Πάρθους Πομπηίῳ προὔδωκεν ἑαυτόν. Ἰστέον ὅτι καὶ οὗτος ὁ ἐξωσθεὶς λέγεται ὑπὸ τῆς μητρὸς καὶ ὁ μετ' αὐ τὸν ὑπὸ τῶν στρατευμάτων διωχθεὶς Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ ἀδελφὸς αὐτοῦ ὁ ἐξ ωσθεὶς ὀνομάζεται. Τοῦ Ἀλεξάνδρου τούτου τοῦ προρρηθέντος υἱοῦ Ἀντιόχου τοῦ Ἐπιφανοῦς πεσόντος ἐν τῇ πρὸς Πτολεμαῖον μάχῃ μερίζεται ἡ τῆς Συρίας ἀρχὴ εἴς τε ∆ημήτριον τὸν τοῦ ∆ημητρίου υἱὸν ὁρμώμενον ἐκ τῆς Σελευκίας καὶ εἰς τὸν υἱὸν Ἀλεξάνδρου ὁρμώμενον ἐκ Συρίας καὶ Ἀντιοχείας Ἀντίοχον.ἀλλὰ τοῦτον ὁ ∆ημητρίου ∆ημήτριος τάχιστα νικήσας χειροῦται τὴν ἀρχὴν ἔτη γʹ. ὅθεν καὶ Νικάνωρ ἐκλήθη. στρατεύσας δὲ ἐπ' Ἀρσάκην εἰς Βαβυλῶνα αἰχμάλωτος γίνεται ὑπὸ Ἀρσάκου καὶ εἰς τὴν Παρθικὴν ἀναχθεὶς ἐφρουρεῖτο σιδηρωθείς. ὅθεν καὶ Σιδηρίτης ἐλέγετο ὕστερον. Οὗτος πρὸ τῆς εἰς Παρθικὴν φρουρᾶς ἐκ Κρήτης ἐπανελθὼν καὶ Συρίας κρατήσας Ἀπολλώνιον ἔταξεν Ἰουδαίοις πολεμεῖν· Ἰωνάθης δὲ ἅμα μυρίοις ἐπιλέκτοις Ἰώππην κατέσχε κτείνας η τῶν σὺν τῷ Ἀπολλωνίῳ. ὁ αὐτὸς Ἄζωτον ἐμπρήσας τὸ παρ' αὐτοῖς εἴδωλον τοῦ ∆αγὼν ἀφαιρεῖται. Τῷ αὐτῷ ∆ημητρίῳ ∆ημητρίου Σωτῆρι ἐπιλεγομένῳ καὶ Νικάνορι Πτολεμαῖος δίδωσιν ἀφελόμενος Ἀλεξάνδρου τὴν θυγατέρα Κλεοπάτραν ὁμοῦ καὶ τῆς Συρίας ἀρχήν. ἀπέστησαν δὲ αἱ δυνάμεις τοῦ ∆ημητρίου καὶ ἐδεήθη Ἰωνάθου πέμψαι στράτευμα πρὸς συμμαχίαν αὐτῷ εἰς Ἀντιόχειαν, ὑποσχόμενος καθαρίσαι τὰς πόλεις Ἰούδα τῶν ἐθνικῶν στρατευμάτων, εἰ νικήσει. Ἰωνάθης δὲ ἀπέστειλεν αὐτῷ τρισχιλίους, οἳ καὶ διέφθειραν εἰς Ἀντιόχειαν Ἑλλήνων μυριάδας ιʹ τῶν ἐπαναστάντων κατὰ ∆ημητρίου πολιτῶν καὶ τὴν πόλιν ἐνέπρησαν. ∆ημήτριος δὲ νικήσας πάντα διεψεύσατο τὰ πρὸς Ἰωνάθην. Ἐν τούτοις οὖν ἀναιρεῖται Ἰωνάθης ὑπὸ Τρύφωνος δόλῳ καὶ κρατεῖ μετ' αὐτὸν Σίμων υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ἔτη ηʹ. 353 ΣΠΟΡΑ∆ΗΝ Ὄππιος Κελτοὺς ἐχειρώσατο. κατὰ τούτους τοὺς χρόνους ἑάλω Καρ χηδὼν τὸ ἔσχατον ὑπὸ Σκηπίωνος Ἀφρικανοῦ τοῦ νέου, ἔχουσα ἔτη χμʹ ἀπὸ κτίσεως, κατὰ δὲ ἄλλους ψμηʹ. Ἀντίοχον τὸν Σιδίτην Ἀρσάκης Πάρθος ἀνεῖλε. Πτολεμαῖος ὁ Ἀβούβου μετὰ τὸ ἀνελεῖν Σίμωνα τὸν οἰκεῖον πενθερὸν δόλῳ παρὰ πότον τῷ Ἀντιόχῳ ἐδήλωσεν ἀποστεῖλαι δύναμιν αὐτῷ πρὸς τὸ παραδοῦναι αὐτῷ τὴν Ἰουδαίαν. Ἰωάννης δὲ ὁ Σίμωνος υἱὸς μαθὼν τὰ συμβάντα τῷ πατρὶ καὶ τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς ὑπὸ Πτολεμαίου τοὺς μὲν ἐλθόντας πρὸς αὐτὸν ἐν Γαζαρηνοῖς ἀναιρεῖ, τῷ δὲ Ἀντιόχῳ φιλωθεὶς καὶ παρὰ τοῦ πλήθους τὴν ἀρχὴν λαβὼν τὸν αὐτὸν ἀναιρεῖ Πτολεμαῖον, καὶ Ἀντιόχῳ συμμαχεῖ κατὰ Ὑρκανῶν· ἔνθα μεγάλως εὐδοκήσας Ἰωάννης Ὑρκανὸς ἐπωνομάσθη, ἀριστεύσας πλεῖστα. Καὶ ἀναιρεῖται ὑπὸ Πτολεμαίου τοῦ Ἀβούβου Σίμων παρὰ πότον τοῦ ἰδίου γαμβροῦ δόλῳ σὺν τοῖς υἱοῖς πλὴν Ἰωάννου, ὃς Ἰωάννης ὁ Ὑρκανὸςμετονομασθεὶς ἐκράτησεν Ἰουδαίων ἔτη κςʹ στρατηγῶν καὶ ἀρχιερατεύων. Ἕως τούτου περιέχει ἡ πρώτη τῶν Μακκαβαίων, ἡ δὲ δευτέρα τὰ κατὰ Σέλευκον καὶ Ἀντίοχον τὸν Ἐπιφανῆ καὶ Ἀντίοχον· τὸν Εὐπάτορα και ∆ημήτριον τὸν Σωτῆρα καὶ Ἰούδαν τὸν Μακκαβαῖον. ἡ δὲ τρίτη τὰ κατὰ τὸν Φιλοπάτορα Πτολεμαῖον ἱστορεῖ, ὅπως τὸ ἔθνος τῶν Ἰουδαίων ἐβου λεύσατο ἀφανίσαι πρὸ τῆς Ἀντιόχου τοῦ Ἐπιφανοῦς βασιλείας ἔτεσι λʹ· ταύτῃ δὲ καὶ πρώτη τῷ χρόνῳ ἐστίν. ἡ δὲ δʹ ἐξαίρετος περὶ τοῦ αὐτο δέσποτον εἶναι τῶν παθῶν τὸν εὐσεβῆ λογισμὸν καὶ περὶ τῆς τῶν ζʹ σὺν τῇ μητρὶ ἀθλήσεως κατὰ τοὺς Ἰωνάθου τοῦ