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in the night, he stumbles, because he does not have the light in himself". - And by saying "in himself," He revealed the divine and immaterial light; for no one can possess the sensible light in himself.

Therefore, just as he who walks in darkness is not helped if he holds many beautiful, extinguished lamps—for he sees neither himself nor anyone else by means of them, so too one who seems to have all virtues in himself, if it were possible, but does not have the light of the Holy Spirit in himself, cannot see his own actions well, nor is he fully assured whether they are to the pleasure of God. But neither can he guide others or teach the will of God, nor is he worthy to receive the thoughts of others, even if he becomes a patriarch among men, until he possesses the light shining in himself. For Christ says: "Walk while you have the light, lest darkness overtake you; and he who walks in darkness does not know where he is going." If, then, he does not know where he is going, (413) how will he show the way to others? What benefit is it, then, if someone places an extinguished lamp upon another lampstand, deprived of burning and shining fire? For one must not do so! But how? As the God over all Himself has determined, for He says: "No one lights a lamp and puts it in a cellar or under a basket, but on a lampstand, so that those who enter may see the light." Having said this, therefore, He adds also the characteristics of the guided lamp and of one having the light with himself, saying thus: "The lamp of the body is the eye." Whom, then, does he mean by this 'the eye', if not indeed the mind, which can never become simple unless it beholds the simple light? And the simple light is Christ. He, therefore, who always has His light shining in his thought, is said to have the mind of Christ. When, therefore, your eye is thus simple, your whole incorporeal body of the soul will be full of light; but when the mind is evil, that is, darkened and extinguished, this body of yours will also be dark. Take care, then, lest the light in you be darkness; "See," He says, "that you do not think you have what you do not possess." Do you see how the Master Himself, in the same way as we His servants, speaks to you, saying, "Take care, lest you deceive yourself and, while thinking there is light in you, it is not light but darkness." Do you see that we speak the same things as the Master to you our fellow servants, and we say nothing perverse or evil.

(414) For we say: see, brothers, lest while thinking you are in God and supposing you have communion with Him, you be found outside of this and separated because you do not yet behold His light. For if He had lit your lamps, that is, your souls, it would have shone clearly in you, as God Himself and our Lord Jesus Christ said: "If then your whole body is full of light, having no part dark, the whole will be full of light, as when the lamp with its brightness gives you light." What other testimony greater than this, then, shall we bring forward for your assurance? But if you disbelieve the Master, how, tell me, will you believe the fellow servant?

But what shall I say to those who love to be famous and to be appointed priests and high priests and abbots, and who want to receive the thoughts of others, and say that they are worthy of the charge of binding and loosing? When I see that they understand none of the necessary and divine matters, neither teaching these things to others nor bringing them into the light of knowledge, what else but what Christ says to the Pharisees and lawyers: "Woe to you lawyers! For you have taken away the key of knowledge. You did not enter yourselves, and you hindered those who were entering." For what else is the key of knowledge, if not the grace of the Holy Spirit given through faith, which brings about true knowledge and full knowledge through illumination and opens our closed and veiled mind, as often through

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ἐν τῇ νυκτί, προσκόπτει, ὅτι τό φῶς οὐκ ἔχει ἐν ἑαυτῷ". - "Ἐν ἑαυτῷ" δέ εἰπών, τό θεῖον ἐδήλωσε καί ἄϋλον φῶς· ἐν ἑαυτῷ γάρ τό αἰσθητόν οὐδείς δύναται κτήσασθαι.

Ὥσπερ οὖν οὐδέν ὠφελεῖται ὁ ἐν σκότει περιπατῶν, ἐάν λαμπάδας κατέχῃ ἐσβεσμένας πολλάς καί περικαλλεῖς - οὔτε γάρ ἑαυτόν οὔτε ἕτερόν τινα ὡς ἐκ τούτων ὁρᾷ , οὕτως οὐδέ ὁ τάς ἀρετάς πάσας, εἰ οἷόν τε, δοκῶν ἐν ἑαυτῷ ἔχειν, μή ἔχων τό φῶς ἐν ἑαυτῷ τοῦ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος, οὐδέ τάς αὐτοῦ πράξεις καλῶς ἰδεῖν, οὐδέ εἰ πρός ἀρέσκειαν Θεοῦ εἰσι, τελείως πεπληροφόρηται. Ἀλλ᾿ οὐδέ ἄλλους ὁδηγῆσαι ἤ τό θέλημα τοῦ Θεοῦ διδάξαι δύναται, οὐδέ λογισμούς ἀλλοτρίους ἐστίν ἀναδέχεσθαι ἄξιος, εἰ καί πατριάρχης ἐξ ἀνθρώπων γενήσεται, ἕως ἄν τό φῶς ἐν ἑαυτῷ φαῖνον κτήσηται. Φησί γάρ ὁ Χριστός· "Περιπατεῖτε ἕως τό φῶς ἔχετε, ἵνα μή σκοτία ὑμᾶς καταλάβῃ, καί ὁ περιπατῶν ἐν τῇ σκοτίᾳ οὐκ οἶδε ποῦ ὑπάγει"" Εἰ οὖν ἐκεῖνος οἶδε ποῦ ὑπάγει, (413) πῶς τήν ὁδόν ἄλλοις ὑποδείξει; Τί οὖν ὄφελος, ἐάν λύχνον ἐσβεσμένον ἐπί ἑτέρᾳ λυχνίᾳ τις ἐπιθείη, πυρός καιομένου ἐστερημένῃ καί φαίνοντος. Οὐ γάρ οὕτω δεῖ ποιεῖν! Ἀλλά πῶς; Ὡς αὐτός ὁ ἐπί πάντων Θεός διωρίσατο, φησί γάρ· "Οὐδείς λύχνον ἅψας εἰς κρύπτην τίθησιν, οὐδέ ὑπό τόν μόδιον, ἀλλ᾿ ἐπί τήν λυχνίαν, ἵνα οἱ εἰσπορευόμενοι τό φέγγος βλέπωσι". Τοῦτο οὖν εἰπών προστίθησι καί τά γνωρίσματα τοῦ ὁδηγουμένου λύχνου καί ἔχοντος μεθ᾿ ἑαυτοῦ τό φῶς, οὕτω λέγων· "Ὁ λύχνος τοῦ σώματός ἐστι ὁ ὀφθαλμός". Τίνα τοίνυν λέγει διά τούτου τόν ὀφθαλμόν ἤ πάντως τόν νοῦν, ὅς οὐδέποτε ἄν γένηται ἁπλοῦς, εἰ μή ὅτε τό ἁπλοῦν θεάσηται φῶς; Φῶς δέ ἁπλοῦν ὁ Χριστός. Ὁ γοῦν ἀεί ἔχων τό φῶς αὐτοῦ λάμπον ἐν διανοίᾳ, νοῦν Χριστοῦ ἔχειν λέγεται. Ὅταν οὖν ὁ ὀφθαλμός σου οὕτως ἁπλοῦς ᾖ, καί ὅλον τό ἀσώματον σῶμά σου τῆς ψυχῆς φωτεινόν ἔσται· ἐπάν δέ πονηρός ᾖ ὁ νοῦς, τουτέστιν ἐσκοτισμένος καί ἐσβεσμένος, καί τό σῶμά σου τοῦτο σκοτεινόν ἔσται. Σκόπει οὖν μή τό φῶς τό ἐν σοί σκότος ἐστί· "Βλέπε, φησί, μή δοκεῖς ἔχειν ὅπερ οὐ κέκτησαι". Ὁρᾶτε πῶς καί αὐτός ὁ ∆εσπότης ἴσως ἡμῖν τοῖς αὐτοῦ δούλοις πρός ὑμᾶς διαλέγεται, "Σκόπει" λέγων, "μή λάθῃς σεαυτόν καί ἐν σοί φῶς εἶναι οἰομένου σου, αὐτό οὐκ ἔστι φῶς ἀλλά σκότος". Ὁρᾶτε ὅτι τά αὐτά καί ἡμεῖς τῷ ∆εσπότῃ πρός τούς ὁμοδούλους ὑμᾶς φθεγγόμεθα καί οὐδέν διεστραμμένον ἤ φαῦλον λέγομεν.

(414) Λέγομεν γάρ· βλέπετε, ἀδελφοί, μήποτε δοκοῦντες εἶναι ἐν τῷ Θεῷ καί κοινωνίαν ἔχειν οἰόμενοι μετ᾿ αὐτοῦ, ἔξω εὑρεθείητε τούτου καί κεχωρισμένοι διά τό μή θεωρεῖν ὑμᾶς ἤδη τό φῶς αὐτοῦ. Εἰ γάρ ἥψατο τῶν λαμπάδων ὑμῶν ἤγουν τῶν ψυχῶν , ἔλαμψεν ἄν τρανῶς ἐν ὑμῖν, καθώς αὐτός ὁ Θεός καί Κύριος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦς Χριστός ἔφη· "Εἰ οὖν τό σῶμά σου ὅλον φωτεινόν, μέρος τι μή ἔχον σκοτεινόν, ἔσται φωτεινόν ὅλον, ὡς ὅταν ὁ λύχνος τῇ ἀστραπῇ φωτίζει σε". Ποίαν οὖν μαρτυρίαν ἄλλην μείζονα τούτου πρός πληροφορίαν σοι παρεισάξομεν; εἰ δέ τῷ ∆εσπότῃ διαπιστήσεις, πῶς, εἰπέ μοι, τῷ συνδούλῳ πιστεύσεις;

Ἀλλά τί εἴπω πρός τούς ἀγαπῶντας ὀνομαστούς εἶναι καί ἱερεῖς καί ἀρχιερεῖς καί ἡγουμένους καθίστασθαι, καί λογισμούς ἀλλοτρίους ἀναδέχεσθαι θέλοντας, καί ἑαυτούς εἶναι λέγοντας ἀξίους τῆς τοῦ δεσμεῖν καί λύειν ἐγχειρήσεως; Ὄταν μηδέν τῶν ἀναγκαίων καί θείων πραγμάτων αὐτούς ἐπισταμένους ὁρῶ, μήτε ταῦτα ἑτέρους διδάσκοντας ἤ εἰς φῶς ἐνάγοντας γνώσεως, τί ἕτερον ἤ ὅ φησι Χριστός τοῖς φαρισαίοις καί νομικοῖς· "Οὐαί ὑμῖν τοῖς νομικοῖς, ὅτι ἤρατε τήν κλεῖδα τῆς γνώσεως. Αὐτοί οὐκ εἰσήλθετε καί τούς εἰσελθεῖν βουλομένους ἐκωλύσατε". Τί γάρ ἄλλο ἡ κλείς ἐστι τῆς γνώσεως, εἰ μή ἡ διά πίστεως διδομένη χάρις τοῦ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος, ἡ τήν γνῶσιν ὡς ἀληθῶς καί ἐπίγνωσιν διά φωτισμοῦ ἐμποιοῦσα καί διανοίγουσα τόν κεκλεισμένον καί κεκαλυμμένον ἡμῶν νοῦν, καθώς πολλάκις διά