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Scipio, crying out against those present; but he accomplished nothing more than to be the cause of greater advancement for Antipater, paradoxically, on account of his alliance in Egypt a short time before, as Mithridates of Pergamum was a witness, having been saved through him, and Antipater himself, showing his whole body covered with wounds for his loyalty to Caesar. But when Caesar heard these things, he confirmed for Hyrcanus the rule of the priesthood and gave to Antipater the choice of a principality; which he seized and immediately appointed his first son, Phasael, as general of Jerusalem and its surroundings, and Herod, who was quite young, over Galilee and the cities around it, a command not inferior to that of Phasael. And Herod immediately gained renown for the cleverness of his mind, having found suitable material, so that he became known to Sextus Caesar for his exploits against the brigands. For he captured Hezekiah, a chief of brigands, who was overrunning Syria, along with many of his band, and killed him, and a great report about him spread throughout the country and cities, that he was also fit to be a king. From this, Hyrcanus was also moved against him with jealousy, having been tried by a constant sentence for murder. But Herod withdrew to Sextus Caesar in Damascus and, having received from him the rule of Coele-Syria and Samaria, was appointed general, and he came with an army to Jerusalem to depose Hyrcanus, if he had not been prevented by his father's exhortations. And so things in Judaea were in this state, with Hyrcanus being jealous of Antipater's power and of his sons' success, especially Herod's, while Antipater maintained his goodwill toward Hyrcanus so that he himself might be at peace from disturbances. 365 And Gaius Julius Caesar, having returned to Rome, spared all of Pompey's faction, to which Cicero and Brutus and Cassius also belonged. For Cato, in fear of Gaius, had previously destroyed himself with poison. Finally, then, in the fourth year after the death of Pompey, he prevailed over the sons of Pompey in many struggles in Celtiberia, barely conquering them, as they had a great force, of whom he killed the elder and took the others alive. And having come to Rome, he abolished the rule of the consuls, which had held power very nearly since Tarquinius Superbus, being the first to rule the Romans as a monarch, yet having become the most humane of all who had ever reigned. Cleopatra, daughter of Ptolemy also called Dionysus, ruled Alexandria and Egypt for 22 years. And it was the year of the world 5446. Antony betrayed Arabia to Cleopatra. Cleopatra, the last descendant of the Lagids, on account of the murder of her brother, having committed adultery with Antony, she also became the cause of destruction for him, using an asp against herself as a weapon of death, 298 years after Alexander. Hyrcanus rebuilt the walls of Jerusalem, which had been torn down by Pompey. Cassius appointed Herod as general of Coele-Syria and Judaea in Damascus. Monarch of the Romans, Gaius Julius Caesar, for 5 years. And it was the year of the world 5454. Gaius Julius Caesar, having come to Judaea from Egypt after the death of Pompey, confirms the rule of the priesthood for Hyrcanus and gives to Antipater the choice of a principality. The 183rd Olympiad. From the founding of Rome, *** years. 366 Antony decreed that the seventh month among the Romans, called Quintilis, be renamed Julius because he was born in it. Gaius Julius, having been monarch of the Romans for 5 years, while presiding over the senate council, is suddenly assassinated by Brutus and Cassius, with about 60 senators conspiring, who had been deemed worthy of such great humanity by him, so as even to become consuls; except, as they say, not bearing the destruction of Pompey nor the abolition of the consuls, they killed him, but immediately became fugitives and were warred against by Antony, who was extremely attached to Caesar and was then consul. He, through pity for the murder, having won over the people, exiled the conspirators, and magnificently buried Caesar's body with the people. Of this

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Σκηπίωνα παρόντων καταβοῶν· οὐδὲν δὲ πλέον ἔδρασε τοῦ μείζονος γενέσθαι προ κοπῆς αἴτιος Ἀντιπάτρῳ παραδόξως διὰ τὴν ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ συμμαχίαν αὐτοῦ πρὸ μικροῦ, ὡς καὶ Μιθριδάτης ὁ Περγαμηνὸς μάρτυς ἦν δι' αὐτοῦ περι σωθεὶς αὐτός τε Ἀντίπατρος τὸ σῶμα πᾶν ἐπιδεικνὺς κατατετρωμένον ὑπὲρ εὐνοίας τοῦ Καίσαρος. Ἀλλὰ τούτων ὁ Καῖσαρ ἀκούσας Ὑρκανῷ τὴν ἀρχὴν ἐπιβεβαιοῖ τῆς ἱερωσύνης καὶ Ἀντιπάτρῳ δυναστείας αἵρεσιν δίδωσιν· ἧς ἐπιδραξάμενος στρατηγὸν εὐθὺς ἀναδείκνυσιν Ἱεροσολύμων καὶ πέριξ αὐτῆς τὸν πρῶτον παῖδα Φασάιλον, Ἡρώδην δὲ νέον κομιδῆ τῆς Γαλιλαίας καὶ τῶν περὶ ταύ την πόλεων οὐκ ἀποδέουσαν τῆς Φασαΐλου ἀρχῆς. αὐτίκα δ' οὗτος εὐδο κιμεῖ τῷ δεινῷ τοῦ φρονήματος εὑρηκὼς ὕλην ἁρμόζουσαν Ἡρώδης, ὡς γενέσθαι Σέξτῳ Καίσαρι γνώριμος διὰ τὰς κατὰ λῃστῶν ἀριστείας. Ἐζεκίαν γὰρ ἀρχιλῃστὴν μετὰ πολλῶν τοῦ στίφους συλλαβόμενος κατα τρέχοντα Συρίας ἀνεῖλε, φήμη τε περὶ αὐτοῦ μεγάλη κατὰ χώρας καὶ πό λεις ἐγένετο, ὡς εἴη καὶ πρὸς τὸ βασιλεύειν ἐπιτήδειος. ἐκ τούτου κινεῖται καὶ Ὑρκανὸς κατ' αὐτοῦ ζηλοτυπίᾳ, καταδίκῃ φονικῇ συνεχεῖ πειραθείς. Ἡρώδης δὲ πρὸς Σέξτον εἰς ∆αμασκὸν ἀνεχώρησε Καίσαρα καὶ τὴν ἀρχὴν παρ' αὐτοῦ κοίλης Συρίας καὶ Σαμαρείας λαβὼν στρατηγὸς ἀνα δείκνυται, μετὰ στρατεύματός τε παρεγένετο καταλύσων τὸν Ὑρκανὸν ἐπὶ τὰ Ἱεροσόλυμα, εἰ μὴ ταῖς πατρικαῖς ἐκωλύθη παραινέσεσι. καὶ τὰ μὲν περὶ τὴν Ἰουδαίαν ἐν τούτοις ἦν, Ὑρκανοῦ μὲν ζηλοτυποῦντος Ἀντιπάτρῳτῆς δυναστείας καὶ τοῖς παισὶ τῆς εὐπραγίας, Ἡρώδῃ μάλιστα, Ἀντιπάτρου δὲ πρὸς Ὑρκανὸν τὰ τῆς εὐνοίας φυλάττοντος διὰ τὸ καὶ αὐτὸν ἡσυ χάζειν θορύβων. 365 Ὁ δὲ Γάιος Ἰούλιος Καῖσαρ εἰς τὴν Ῥώμην ἐπανελθὼν πάσης ἐφείσατοτῆς μοίρας Πομπηίου, ἧς ἐτύγχανε καὶ Κικέρων καὶ Βροῦττος καὶ Κάσ σιος. Κάτων γὰρ τῷ Γαΐου φόβῳ προδιέφθειρεν ἑαυτὸν φαρμάκῳ. τέλος δ' οὖν μετὰ τὴν Πομπηίου τελευτὴν ἔτει δʹ κατὰ Κελτιβηρίαν πολλοῖς τοῖς ἀγῶσι τῶν Πομπηίου περιγίνεται παίδων, μόλις κρατήσας αὐτῶν, πολλὴν ἐχόντων δύναμιν, ὧν τὸν πρεσβύτερον ἀνελὼν τοὺς ἄλλους ζῶντας ἔλαβε. καὶ ἐλθὼν εἰς Ῥώμην τὴν τῶν ὑπάτων ἀρχὴν καταλύει σύνεγγυς ἔτι κατασχοῦσαν μετὰ Ταρκύινον Σούπερβον, πρῶτος μοναρχήσας Ῥω μαίων, ἔτι φιλανθρωπότατος γενόμενος τῶν πώποτε βεβασιλευκότων. Ἀλεξανδρείας καὶ Αἰγύπτου Κλεοπάτρα θυγάτηρ Πτολεμαίου τοῦ καὶ ∆ιονύσου ἔτη κβʹ. τοῦ δὲ κόσμου ἦν ἔτος ευμςʹ. Ἀντώνιος Ἀραβίαν Κλεοπάτρᾳ προὔδωκε. Κλεοπάτρα ἡ τελευταία τῶν Λαγιδῶν ἀπόγονος ἐπὶ τῷ φόνῳ τοῦ ἀδελ φοῦ, Ἀντωνίου μοιχευθεῖσα, τούτῳ καὶ αὐτὴ γέγονεν ἀπωλείας αἴτιος, ἀσπίδι καθ' ἑαυτῆς ὅπλῳ θανάτου χρησαμένη, ἀπὸ Ἀλεξάνδρου ἔτη ςζηʹ. Ὑρκανὸς τὰ Ἱεροσολύμων ἀνέστησε τείχη ὑπὸ Πομπηίου καθαιρεθέντα. Ἡρώδην Κάσσιος κοίλης Συρίας καὶ Ἰουδαίας στρατηγὸν ἐν ∆αμασκῷ προεχειρίσατο. Ῥωμαίων μόναρχος Γάιος Ἰούλιος Καῖσαρ ἔτη εʹ. τοῦ δὲ κόσμου ἦν ἔτος ευνδʹ. Γάιος Ἰούλιος Καῖσαρ ἐλθὼν εἰς τὴν Ἰουδαίαν μετὰ τὸν Πομπηίου θάνατον ἀπ' Αἰγύπτου βεβαιοῖ τὴν ἀρχὴν ἱερωσύνης Ὑρκανῷ καὶ Ἀντιπάτρῳ δυναστείας αἵρεσιν δίδωσιν. Ὀλυμπιὰς ρπγʹ. Ἀπὸ κτίσεως Ῥώμης ἔτη ***. 366 Ἀντώνιος τὸν ζʹ παρὰ Ῥωμαίοις μῆνα Κυντίλλιον καλούμενον Ἰούλιονμετονομασθῆναι ἐψηφίσατο διὰ τὸ γεννηθῆναι ἐν αὐτῷ. Γάιος Ἰούλιος ἔτη εʹ μοναρχήσας Ῥωμαίων, προκαθήμενος τῇ συγκλήτῳ βουλῇ ἀθρόως ὑπὸ Βρούττου καὶ Κασσίου δολοφονεῖται, συλλαβομέ νων περὶ τοὺς ξʹ συγκλητικοὺς τῶν τηλικαύτης παρ' αὐτοῦ φιλανθρωπίας ἀξιωθέντων, ὡς καὶ ὑπατεῦσαι· πλήν, ὥς φασιν, οὐ φέροντες τὴν Πομ πηίου ἀναίρεσιν μηδὲ τὴν τῶν ὑπάτων καθαίρεσιν, ἀναιροῦσι μὲν αὐτόν, πολεμοῦνται δὲ φυγάδες αὐτίκα γενόμενοι παρὰ Ἀντωνίου σφόδρα τῷ Καίσαρι κατῳκειωμένου καὶ τηνικαῦτα ὑπατεύοντος. οὗτος οἴκτῳ τοῦ φόνου τὸν δῆμον προσλαβόμενος τοὺς μὲν φυγαδεύει, τὸ δὲ Καίσαρος μεγαλοπρεπῶς σὺν τῷ δήμῳ κηδεύει σῶμα. Τούτου