170

and to come to the knowledge of the truth. For there is one God, and one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus, who gave himself Since they were especially persecuted then, he says to pray for them, in order to teach not to hate them. Saying this, which the Lord commanded, saying, Pray for those who persecute you. Wherefore he also added: This is good and acceptable. a ransom for all; the testimony, He was about, he says, to punish them for their sins, but instead of them He gave His own Son. in due time, for which I was appointed a preacher and an apostle—I am telling the truth, I am not lying—a teacher of the Gentiles in faith and truth. I desire therefore that the men pray That is, fittingly. in every place, lifting up holy hands, without wrath and doubting. He shows that through the sacrifice of Christ every place of the inhabited world has become Jerusalem. And he says holy hands, teaching them to be clean from all, so to speak, sin. And the phrase, without wrath, that is, being without resentment. And the phrase, of doubtings, is that of one who does away with the uncertain, and of one who hesitates, whether they might receive what they ask from God. Likewise also that women should adorn themselves in modest apparel, with shamefacedness and sobriety; not with braided hair, or gold, or pearls, or 95.1005 costly array, but (which is proper for women professing godliness) with good works. That is, to be properly restrained from all sides, which is indicative of much fear. Let a woman learn in silence, with all subjection. But I do not permit a woman to teach, nor to usurp authority over a man, but to be in silence. For Adam was first formed, then Eve. Wishing to cut off their occasion for talk, he does not permit them even to teach. For this also is modesty, about which he was discoursing, not to speak at all. And at the same time he gives the reason, because she once taught, and ruined the man, and made him responsible for disobedience. And Adam was not deceived, but the woman being deceived was in the transgression. But she will be saved through childbearing, if they continue in faith and love and holiness with sobriety. In comparison to the woman, he says that he was not deceived; and again it is not said concerning Adam, He saw that the tree was good for food, but concerning the woman. And she ate, and gave also to her husband, so that he did not transgress by yielding to desire, but by being persuaded by the woman.

CHAPTER 3. This is a faithful saying. It is as if he were to say: Do not be downcast, because your sex

has been slandered. God has given you another occasion for salvation, child-rearing, so that you may be saved not only through yourselves, but also through others. For they are saved, because they have raised up athletes for God. And because this saves, he added, This is a faithful saying, as if to say, Let no one disbelieve, he says; they are saved through childbearing; for it is not a small thing, to dedicate to Him the children given by Him. If anyone desires the office of a bishop, he desires a good work. A bishop then must be I do not find fault, he says; for it is a work of leadership, if one has this desire, so as not to desire only the rule, and the honor from it. But I also do not find fault with the leadership; since Moses too from the beginning had this zeal, to watch over his brothers. blameless, Through one word he commanded him to have every virtue. the husband of one wife, vigilant, sober, of good behavior, given to hospitality, apt to teach, not given to wine, no striker, not greedy of filthy lucre, but patient, not a brawler, not covetous, one that rules well his own house, so that this might not be an obstacle to those who already have wives, or also in contrast to the teachers among the Jews 95.1008, who were permitted to have two, which is also more fitting. having his children in subjection with all gravity. For if a man does not know how to rule his own house, how shall he take care of the church of God? For he must provide the examples from his own home, that he will be able to well manage the things concerning

170

καὶ εἰς ἐπίγνωσιν ἀληθείας ἐλθεῖν. Εἷς γὰρ Θεὸς, εἷς καὶ μεσίτης Θεοῦ καὶ ἀνθρώπων, ἅνθρωπος Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς, ὁ δοὺς ἑαυτὸν Ἐπειδὴ τότε μάλιστα ἐδιώκοντο, φησὶν εὔχεσθαι ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν, ἵνα διδάσκῃ μὴ μισεῖν αὐτούς. Τοῦτο λέγων, ὃ προσέταξεν ὁ Κύριος λέγων, Προσεύχεσθε ὑπὲρ τῶν διωκόντων ὑμᾶς. ∆ιὸ καὶ ἐπήγαγεν· Τοῦτο καλὸν καὶ ἀπόδεκτον. Ἀντίλυτρον ὑπὲρ πάντων· τὸ μαρτύριον, Ἔμελλεν, φησὶ, τιμωρεῖσθαι αὐτοὺς ὑπὲρ τῶν ἁμαρτημάτων, ἀλλ' ἀντ' ἐκείνων τὸν ἑαυτοῦ ἔδωκεν Υἱόν. Καιροῖς ἰδίοις, εἰς ὃ ἐτέθην ἐγὼ κήρυξ καὶ ἀπόστολος, ἀλήθειαν λέγω, οὐ ψεύδομαι, διδάσκαλος ἐθνῶν, ἐν πίστει καὶ ἀληθείᾳ. Βούλομαι οὖν προσεύχεσθαι τοὺς ἄνδρας Τουτέστι, προσηκόντως. Ἐν παντὶ τόπῳ, ἐπαίροντας ὁσίους χεῖρας, χωρὶς ὀργῆς καὶ διαλογισμοῦ. ∆είκνυσιν, ὡς διὰ τῆς θυσίας τοῦ Χριστοῦ ἅπας τῆς οἰκουμένης τόπος γέγονεν Ἱερουσαλήμ. Ὁσίους δὲ χεῖρας λέγει, διδάσκων αὐτοὺς πάσης, ὡς εἰπεῖν, καθαρεύειν ἁμαρτίας. Τὸ δὲ, χωρὶς ὀργῆς, τουτέστιν ἀμνησικάκους ὄντας. Τὸ δὲ, διαλογισμῶν, τὸ ἀμφίβολον ἀναιροῦντός ἐστι, καὶ τὸ διστάζοντος, εἰ ἄρα λάβοιεν ἃ αἰτοῦσι παρὰ Θεοῦ. Ὡσαύτως καὶ τὰς γυναῖκας ἐν καταστολῇ κοσμίῳ, μετὰ αἰδοῦς καὶ σωφροσύνης κοσμεῖν ἑαυτὰς, μὴ ἐν πλέγμασιν, ἢ ἐν χρυσῷ, ἢ μαργαρίταις, ἢ 95.1005 ἱματισμῷ πολυτελεῖ, ἀλλ' ὃ πρέπει γυναιξὶν, ἐπαγγελλομέναις θεοσέβειαν δι' ἔργων ἀγαθῶν. Τουτέστι, πανταχόθεν περιστέλλεσθαι καλῶς, ὅπερ ἐστὶ πολλοῦ φόβου σημαντικόν. Γυνὴ ἐν ἡσυχίᾳ μανθανέτω, ἐν πάσῃ ὑποταγῇ. Γυναικὶ δὲ διδάσκειν οὐκ ἐπιτρέπω, οὐδὲ αὐθεντεῖν ἀνδρὸς, ἀλλ' εἶναι ἐν ἡσυχίᾳ. Ἀδὰμ γὰρ πρῶτος ἐπλάσθη, εἶτα Εὔα. Βουλόμενος αὐτῶν περικόψαι τὴν ἀφορμὴν τῆς λαλιᾶς, οὐδὲ διδάσκειν αὐτὰς ἐπιτρέπει. Καὶ τοῦτο γὰρ κοσμιότης ἐστὶ, περὶ ἧς καὶ διελέγετο, μηδὲ λαλεῖν ὅλως. Ἅμα δὲ καὶ τὴν αἰτίαν τίθησιν, ἐπειδὴ ἅπαξ ἐδίδαξε, καὶ τὸν ἄνδρα κατέστρεψεν, καὶ τῇ παρακοῇ ὑπεύθυνον ἐποίησεν. Καὶ Ἀδὰμ οὐκ ἠπατήθη, ἡ δὲ γυνὴ ἀπατηθεῖσα ἐν παραβάσει γέγονε. Σωθήσεται δὲ διὰ τῆς τεκνογονίας, ἐὰν μείνωσιν ἐν πίστει, καὶ ἀγάπῃ, καὶ ἁγιασμῷ μετὰ σωφροσύνης. Πρὸς σύγκρισιν τῆς γυναικὸς, φησὶν αὐτὸν μὴ ἠπατῆσθαι· πάλιν δὲ οὐ περὶ Ἀδὰμ εἴρηται, Εἶδε τὸ ξύλον ὅτι καὶ καλὸν εἰς βρῶσιν, ἀλλὰ περὶ τῆς γυναικός. Καὶ ἔφαγε, καὶ ἔδωκε καὶ τῷ ἀνδρὶ αὐτῆς, ὥστε οὗτος οὐκ ἐπιθυμίᾳ ἐνδοὺς παρέβη, ἀλλὰ τῇ γυναικὶ πεισθείς.

ΚΕΦΑΛ. Γʹ. Πιστὸς ὁ λόγος. Ὅμοιον ὡς εἰ λέγοι· Μὴ κατηφεῖς γένησθε, ὅτι τὸ γένος ὑμῶν

διαβέβληται. Ἔδωκεν ὑμῖν ὁ Θεὸς καὶ ἑτέραν ἀφορμὴν σωτηρίας, τὴν παιδοτροφίαν, ὥστε μὴ μόνον δι' ἑαυτῶν, ἀλλὰ καὶ δι' ἑτέρων σώζεσθαι. Σώζονται γὰρ, ὅτι ἀθλητὰς ἔθρεψαν τῷ Θεῷ. Καὶ ὅτι τοῦτο σώζει, ἐπήγαγε, Πιστὸς ὁ λόγος, μονονουχὶ λέγων, Μηδεὶς ἀπιστείτω, φησί· διὰ τῆς τεκνογονίας σώζονται· οὐ γάρ ἐστι τοῦτο μικρὸν, τὸ τὰ δοθέντα παιδία παρ' αὐτοῦ, ταῦτα αὐτῷ ἀναθεῖναι. Εἴ τις ἐπισκοπῆς ὀρέγεται, καλοῦ ἔργου ἐπιθυμεῖ. ∆εῖ οὖν τὸν ἐπίσκοπον Οὐκ ἐγκαλῶ, φησί· προστασίας γὰρ ἔργον ἐστὶ, εἴ τις ταύτην ἔχοι τὴν ἐπιθυμίαν, ὥστε μὴ τῆς ἀρχῆς, καὶ τῆς ἀπ' αὐτῆς τιμῆς ἐφίεσθαι μόνον. Ἀλλὰ καὶ τῆς προστασίας οὐκ ἐγκαλῶ· ἐπεὶ καὶ Μωϋσῆς ἐξ ἀρχῆς τοῦτον ἔσχε τὸν ζῆλον, τοῦ ἐπισκοπεῖν τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς αὐτοῦ. Ἀνεπίληπτον εἶναι, ∆ιὰ μιᾶς λέξεως πᾶσαν αὐτὸν ἀρετὴν ἔχειν προσέταξε. Μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἄνδρα, νηφαλέον, σώφρονα, κόσμιον, φιλόξενον, διδακτικὸν, μὴ πάροινον, μὴ πλήκτην, μὴ αἰσχροκερδῆ, ἀλλ' ἐπιεικῆ, ἄμαχον, ἀφιλάργυρον, τοῦ ἰδίου οἴκου καλῶς προϊστάμενον, Ἵνα μὴ τοῦτο ἐμπόδιον γένηται τοῖς ἤδη ἐσχηκόσι γαμετὰς, ἢ καὶ πρὸς ἀντιδιαστολὴν τῶν παρὰ Ἰου 95.1008 δαίοις διδασκάλων, οἷς ἐξῆν καὶ δύο ἔχειν, ὅπερ καὶ ἁρμόζει μᾶλλον. Τέκνα ἔχοντα ἐν ὑποταγῇ μετὰ πάσης σεμνότητος. Εἰ δέ τις τοῦ ἰδίου οἴκου προστῆναι οὐκ οἶδε, πῶς Ἐκκλησίας Θεοῦ ἐπιμελήσεται; ∆εῖ γὰρ αὐτὸν οἴκοθεν παρασχέσθαι τὰ παραδείγματα, ὡς καλῶς δυνήσεται τὰ κατὰ