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177th year of the consular office, until the reign of Augustus and Antony there were 75 Olympiads, and nearly 300 years, and from the founding of Rome to the reign of Augustus 720 years, because 243 years had passed from Romulus until the beginning of the consular office, which lasted 477 years, and from the fall of Troy to the reign of this same Augustus Caesar 1153 years, because there were 433 years from the fall of Troy until the reign of Romulus. Therefore, when the 185th Olympiad came around, Antony marched against the Persians, after Herod the king of the Persians was murdered by Phraates who reigned after him, but having met Cleopatra at Tarsus of the Cilicians and being captured by her beauty, he did nothing noteworthy against the Persians. For because of his desire for her, he returned quickly on her account, first to Armenia, and then to Alexandria, having slighted Octavia his legitimate wife, the sister of Augustus Caesar. And in the 188th Olympiad Antony divorces his wife, sending her away with the children under favorable omens, and brings Cleopatra into his home. And from this, the war of Augustus rose up against him, during which, after many sea-battles and very many other wars, Antony fled with Cleopatra to Egypt, and they did away with themselves, having learned that Augustus was on the verge of arriving there also; whom he found upon his arrival to have died a violent death. And taking Cleopatra's fugitive children, Helios and Selene, he brought them down to Rome, displaying over them a triumph most pleasing to the Romans. At that time the Persians also called upon the Romans to make a treaty, sending hostages to Augus 376 tus. For having learned that the stepson of Augustus Caesar, Claudius by name, had been sent by him into Asia, they arranged for him to be treacherously slaughtered by a certain Persian soldier who had promised to show him treasures of money. For this reason especially they sent an embassy concerning peace, disavowing under oath the said plot. At that time also Pandion the king of the Indians sent a herald to become a friend and ally of Augustus. Accordingly, in the 185th Olympiad, when Elpidius was captured by Augustus in the battle against Antony and was executed, Augustus alone reigned as monarch of the Romans in Rome, being the first to put on a diadem and adornment and the other royal symbols, and advancing to a more luxurious mode of living. For Gaius who had been monarch before him had used none of these things. Those in Alexandria count the years of Augustus from the 14th year. Pandion the king of the Indians sends an embassy to be a friend and ally of Augustus. Octavius was named Augustus, and the month Sextilis, the 8th among the Romans, was likewise proclaimed the same, Sebastos. Of the Jews, the 1st foreign king, Herod, for 37 years. and it was the 5469th year of the world. Herod, having summoned a certain Ananel, one of the priests of the Jews in Babylon, established him as high priest in Jerusalem, and having cast this one out after a short time, he established as high priest Aristobulus, the brother of his wife, who was the son of Hyrcanus of Parthia. and having done away with this one, he brought Ananel back again after a year. It has been said by us previously at the beginning of this work that it is proposed for us as the most necessary of all things to show in it the time of the divine incarnation of the only-begotten Son and Word of God, our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, which occurred in the 5500th year of the world as it was being completed and at the beginning of the 5501st, 377 in the month of March according to the Romans, on the 25th, which according to the divine edition through Moses is the first of the first-created month of Nisan among the Hebrews, on which the archangel Gabriel brought the gospel of worldwide joy to the one who is properly and truly the Theotokos. For thus also the day of His life-giving resurrection will coincide with the same first-created day according to the apostolic traditions, as will be shown. And since in the 5472nd year of the world, which according to this canon precisely surveyed by us as best we could coincides with the 15th year of the reign of Augustus, and the 6th from the capture of Alexandria, the

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ροζʹ ἔτος τῆς τῶν ὑπάτων ἀρχῆς, μέχρι τῆς Αὐγούστου καὶ Ἀντωνίου βασιλείας ὀλυμπιάδες οεʹ, ἔτη δὲ σύνεγγυς τʹ, ἀπὸ δὲ κτίσεως Ῥώμης εἰς τὴν Αὐγούστου βασιλείαν ἔτη ψκʹ διὰ τὸ γʹ καὶ μʹ καὶ ςʹ ἐνιαυτοὺς ἀπὸ Ῥωμύλου μέχρι τῆς τῶν ὑπάτων ἀρχῆς διαγεγονέναι, κατασπώσης ἔτη υοζʹ, ἀπὸ δὲ ἁλώσεως Τροίας εἰς τὴν αὐτοῦ Αὐγούστου Καίσαρος ἀρχὴν ἔτη αρνγʹ διὰ τὸ υλγʹ ἐνιαυτοὺς ἀπὸ ἁλώσεως Τροίας μέχρι τῆς Ῥωμύλου βασιλείας εἶναι. Τῆς οὖν ρπεʹ ὀλυμπιάδος περιελθούσης Ἀντώνιος ἐκστρατεύει μὲν ἐπὶ Πέρσας, Ἡρώδου τοῦ Περσῶν βασιλέως φονευθέντος ὑπὸ Φραάρτου τοῦ μετ' αὐτὸν βασιλεύσαντος, συναντήσας δὲ τῇ Κλεοπάτρᾳ πρὸς τῇ Κιλίκων Ταρσῷ καὶ τῷ κάλλει ταύτης ἁλοὺς οὐδὲν ἀξιόλογον πράττει κατὰ Περ σῶν. ὑπὸ γὰρ τοῦ πρὸς αὐτὴν πόθου πρῶτον εἰς Ἀρμενίαν, ἔπειτα δὲ καὶ εἰς Ἀλεξάνδρειαν ὀξέως δι' αὐτὴν ἐπανέρχεται, κατολιγωρήσας Ὀκταβίας τῆς γνησίας αὐτοῦ γαμετῆς, ἀδελφῆς Αὐγούστου Καίσαρος. Τῇ δὲ ρπηʹ ὀλυμπιάδι ὁ Ἀντώνιος τὴν μὲν γαμετὴν ἀπολύει δι' αἰσίων μετὰ τῶν τέκνων ἐξαγαγὼν καὶ Κλεοπάτραν εἰσοικίζεται. κἀκ τούτου πρὸς αὐτὸν ἀνίσταται πόλεμος Αὐγούστου, καθ' ὃν μετὰ πολλὰς ναυμαχίας καὶ ἄλλους πλείστους πολέμους φεύγει Ἀντώνιος μετὰ Κλεοπάτρας εἰς Αἴγυ πτον, παραχρῶνται δὲ ἑαυτούς, μαθόντες κἀκεῖ τὸν Αὔγουστον παραγίνε σθαι ὅσον οὔπω· οὓς εὗρεν ἐλθὼν βιαιοθανατήσαντας. τοὺς δὲ Κλεοπά τρας παῖδας φεύγοντας λαβὼν Ἥλιον καὶ Σελήνην κατῆξεν εἰς Ῥώμην, θρίαμβον ἐπ' αὐτοῖς ἥδιστον Ῥωμαίοις ἐνδειξάμενος. Τότε καὶ Πέρσαι Ῥωμαίοις σπείσασθαι παρεκάλεσαν ὁμήρους Αὐγού 376 στῳ πέμψαντες. τὸν γὰρ Αὐγούστου Καίσαρος ἔκγονον Κλαύδιον τοὔνομα μαθόντες εἰς Ἀσίαν ὑπ' αὐτοῦ σταλέντα δόλῳ σφαγῆναι παρεσκεύασαν ὑπὸ στρατιώτου τινὸς Πέρσου δείξειν ἐπαγγειλαμένου χρημάτων θησαυ ρούς. διὸ μάλιστα περὶ τῆς εἰρήνης πρεσβεύουσι τὴν εἰρημένην ἐπιβουλὴν ἀπομνύμενοι. Τότε καὶ Πανδίων ὁ τῶν Ἰνδῶν βασιλεὺς ἐπεκηρυκεύσατο φίλος Αὐγού στου γενέσθαι καὶ σύμμαχος. Κατὰ τοίνυν τὴν ρπεʹ ὀλυμπιάδα Ἐλπιδίου κατασχεθέντος ὑπὸ Αὐγού στου ἐν τῇ πρὸς Ἀντώνιον μάχῃ καὶ ἀναιρεθέντος, ἐν Ῥώμῃ μόνος Αὔγουστος Ῥωμαίων μοναρχεῖ, διάδημα πρῶτος καὶ κόσμον τά τε λοιπὰ περι θέμενος βασιλικὰ σύμβολα καὶ πρὸς τὸ τῆς διαίτης ἁβρότερον προαχθείς. Γάιος γὰρ πρὸ αὐτοῦ μοναρχήσας οὐδενὶ τούτων ἐκέχρητο. Οἱ ἐν Ἀλεξανδρείᾳ ἀπὸ τοῦ ιδʹ ἔτους ἀριθμοῦσι τοὺς Αὐγούστου χρό νους. Πανδίων ὁ τῶν Ἰνδῶν βασιλεὺς φίλος Αὐγούστου καὶ σύμμαχος εἶναι πρεσβεύεται. Ὀκταούιος Αὔγουστος προσηγορεύθη, καὶ ὁ Σεξτίλιος μὴν ηʹ παρὰ Ῥωμαίοις ὁμοίως ὁ αὐτὸς Σεβαστὸς ἀνηγορεύθη. Ἰουδαίων αʹ ἀλλόφυλος βασιλεὺς Ἡρώδης ἔτη λζʹ. τοῦ δὲ κόσμου ἦν ἔτος ευξθʹ. Ἀνάνηλόν τινα τῶν ἐν Βαβυλῶνι Ἰουδαίων ἀρχιερέα μεταστειλάμενος Ἡρώδης εἰς Ἱερουσαλὴμ ἀρχιερέα κατέστησε, καὶ τοῦτον ἐκβαλὼν μετὰ βραχὺ καθίστησιν Ἀριστόβουλον ἀρχιερέα τὸν ἀδελφὸν τῆς αὐτοῦ γυναι κός, υἱὸν ὄντα Ὑρκανοῦ τοῦ ἐν Παρθικῇ. καὶ τοῦτον ἀνελὼν πάλιν Ἀνάνηλον προσῆξε μετὰ ἐνιαυτόν. Εἴρηται μὲν ἡμῖν καὶ πρόσθεν ἀρχομένοις τοῦδε τοῦ πόνου ὡς ἀναγ καιότατον πάντων ἡμῖν ἐν αὐτῷ δεῖξαι πρόκειται τὸν χρόνον τῆς θείας σαρκώσεως τοῦ μονογενοῦς υἱοῦ καὶ λόγου τοῦ θεοῦ, κυρίου δὲ καὶ σωτῆ ρος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τῷ εφʹ ἔτει τοῦ κόσμου προτρέχοντα πληρου 377 μένῳ καὶ ἀρχομένῳ τῷ εφαʹ μηνὶ κατὰ Ῥωμαίους Μαρτίῳ κεʹ, κατὰ τὴν θείαν διὰ Μωυσέως ἔκδοσιν πρώτῃ τοῦ παρ' Ἑβραίοις πρωτοκτίστου μη νὸς Νισάν, καθ' ἣν ὁ ἀρχάγγελος Γαβριὴλ τῇ κυρίως καὶ ἀληθῶς θεο τόκῳ τῆς παγκοσμίου χαρᾶς προσενήνοχεν εὐαγγέλια. οὕτω γὰρ καὶ ἡ τῆς ζωοποιοῦ ἀναστάσεως αὐτοῦ ἡμέρα κατὰ τὴν αὐτὴν πρωτόκτιστον ἡμέραν συναντήσει κατὰ τὰς ἀποστολικὰς παραδόσεις, ὡς δειχθήσεται. Ἐπειδὴ δὲ κατὰ τὸ ευοβʹ ἔτος τοῦ κόσμου, ὅπερ κατὰ τόνδε τὸν ἀκρι βῶς ἡμῖν κατὰ δύναμιν ἐφοδευθέντα κανόνα τῷ ιεʹ τῆς Αὐγούστου βασι λείας ἔτει συντρέχει, ἀπὸ δὲ Ἀλεξανδρείας ἁλώσεως ςʹ, τὸ