John Chrysostom, On Matthew

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when he had spoken, and had testified to so great an authority, not only did He not find fault, but He even accepted it, and did more than accept it. For the Evangelist did not say that He only praised what was said, but also, indicating an intensification of the praise, says that He also marveled; and He did not simply marvel, but with all the people present, and He gave an example to the others, so that they might emulate him. Do you see how each of those who testified to His authority is admired? And the crowds were astonished at His teaching, because He taught as one having authority; and not only did He not find fault, but He even took them and went down, and through the means by which He cleansed the leper, He confirmed their opinion. Again, that man said: If you will, you can make me clean; and not only did He not rebuke him, but also healing him in the very way that he had said, He cleansed him. Again, this centurion says: Only say the word, and my servant will be healed; and marveling at him He said: I have not found so great a faith, no, not in Israel. 2. But that you may also learn this from the contrary; since Martha said none of these things, but the opposite, that, Whatever 57.335 you ask of God, He will give it to you; not only was she not praised, although she was both an acquaintance and beloved and one of those who were exceedingly zealous for Him, but she was also rebuked and corrected by Him, as one who had not spoken well. For He said to her: Did I not say to you that if you believe, you will see the glory of God? reproving her as one who had not yet believed. And again, since she said, Whatever you ask of God, He will give it to you; leading her away from such a suspicion, and teaching her that He does not need to receive from another, but is Himself the fount of good things, He says: I am the resurrection and the life; that is, I do not wait to receive power, but I work all things from Myself. Therefore He both marvels at the centurion, and sets him before all the people, and honors him with the gift of the kingdom, and calls others to the same zeal. And that you may learn that for this reason He said these things, that He might also teach others to believe thus, hear the exactness of the Evangelist, how he hinted at it: For Jesus, turning, He says, said to those who followed Him: I have not found so great a faith, no, not in Israel. So then, to imagine great things concerning Him, this is especially of faith, and is the cause of the kingdom and of the other good things. For the praise for him was not limited to words, but He also returned the sick man healthy in return for his faith, and weaves a brilliant crown for him, and promises great gifts, saying thus: Many shall come from the east and west, and shall recline in the bosoms of Abraham and Isaac and Jacob; but the sons of the kingdom shall be cast out. For since He had shown many miracles, He henceforth speaks to them with greater boldness. Then, lest anyone think the words were flattery, but that all might learn that the centurion was so disposed, He says: Go; as you have believed, so be it done to you. And immediately the deed followed, testifying to his disposition. And his servant was healed in that same hour. The same thing also happened in the case of the Syrophoenician woman; for to her also He says: O woman, great is your faith; be it done to you as you wish. And her daughter was healed. But since Luke also, in relating this miracle, inserts several other things, which seem to show a discrepancy, it is necessary for you to resolve these as well. What then does Luke say? He sent elders of the Jews to Him, asking Him to come. But Matthew says, that he himself came forward and said, that I am not worthy. And some indeed say, that this is not that man, even if there are many similarities. For concerning that one, he says, that He has both built our synagogue and loves our nation; but concerning this one, Jesus Himself says: I have not found so great a faith, no, not in Israel. And in that case He did not say, that Many will come from the east, from which it is likely he was a Jew. What then shall we say? That this solution is easy; but the question is whether it is true. It seems to me that this is that man. How then, he says, does Matthew say, that he himself said, I am not worthy that you should enter under my roof; while Luke says, that he sent for Him to come? It seems to me the

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εἰρηκότος, καὶ μαρτυρήσαντος ἐξουσίαν τοσαύτην, οὐ μόνον οὐκ ἐνεκάλεσεν, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀπεδέξατο, καὶ πλέον τι ἐποίησεν ἢ ἀπεδέξατο. Οὐδὲ γὰρ εἶπεν ὁ εὐαγγελιστὴς, ὅτι ἐπῄνεσε τὸ εἰρημένον μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐπίτασιν δηλῶν τοῦ ἐπαίνου φησὶν, ὅτι καὶ ἐθαύμασε· καὶ οὐδὲ ἁπλῶς ἐθαύμασεν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῦ δήμου παντὸς παρόντος, καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις ὑπόδειγμα δέδωκεν, ὥστε αὐτὸν ζηλοῦν. Ὁρᾷς πῶς ἕκαστος τῶν μαρτυρησάντων αὐτῷ ἐξουσίαν θαυμάζεται; Καὶ ἐξεπλήττοντο οἱ ὄχλοι ἐπὶ τῇ διδαχῇ αὐτοῦ, ὅτι ὡς ἐξουσίαν ἔχων ἐδίδασκε· καὶ οὐ μόνον οὐκ ἐνεκάλεσεν, ἀλλὰ καὶ λαβὼν αὐτοὺς κατῆλθε, καὶ δι' ὧν τὸν λεπρὸν ἐκάθηρεν, ἐκύρωσεν αὐτῶν τὴν γνώμην. Πάλιν ἔλεγεν ἐκεῖνος· Ἐὰν θέλῃς, δύνασαί με καθαρίσαι· καὶ οὐ μόνον οὐκ ἐπετίμησεν, ἀλλὰ καὶ θεραπεύων αὐτὸν οὕτως, ὡς ἐκεῖνος εἶπεν, ἐκάθηρε. Πάλιν ὁ ἑκατοντάρχης οὗτός φησιν· Εἰπὲ λόγῳ μόνον, καὶ ἰαθήσεται ὁ παῖς μου· καὶ θαυμάζων αὐτὸν ἔλεγεν· Οὐδὲ ἐν τῷ Ἰσραὴλ τοσαύτην πίστιν εὗρον. βʹ. Ἵνα δὲ καὶ ἐκ τοῦ ἐναντίου τοῦτο μάθῃς· ἐπειδὴ ἡ Μάρθα τούτων οὐδὲν εἶπεν, ἀλλὰ τοὐναντίον, ὅτι Ὅσα 57.335 ἂν αἰτήσῃ τὸν Θεὸν, δώσει σοι· οὐ μόνον οὐκ ἐπῃνέθη, καίτοι καὶ γνώριμος οὖσα καὶ ἀγαπητὴ καὶ τῶν σφόδρα περὶ αὐτὸν ἐσπουδακότων, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐπετιμήθη καὶ διωρθώθη παρ' αὐτοῦ, ὡς οὐ καλῶς εἰρηκυῖα. Καὶ γὰρ ἔλεγεν αὐτῇ· Οὐκ εἶπόν σοι, ὅτι ἐὰν πιστεύσῃς, ὄψει τὴν δόξαν τοῦ Θεοῦ; ὡς μηδέπω πιστευσάσῃ ἐγκαλῶν. Καὶ πάλιν, ἐπειδὴ ἔλεγεν, Ὅσα ἂν αἰτήσῃ τὸν Θεὸν, δώσει σοι· ἀπάγων τῆς τοιαύτης ὑπονοίας αὐτὴν, καὶ διδάσκων ὅτι παρ' ἑτέρου οὐ δέεται λαβεῖν, ἀλλ' αὐτός ἐστιν ἡ πηγὴ τῶν ἀγαθῶν, φησίν· Ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ ἀνάστασις καὶ ἡ ζωή· τουτέστιν, Οὐκ ἀναμένω δέξασθαι ἐνέργειαν, ἀλλ' οἴκοθεν πάντα ἐργάζομαι. Ὅθεν τὸν ἑκατοντάρχην καὶ θαυμάζει, καὶ τοῦ δήμου παντὸς προτίθησι, καὶ τῇ τῆς βασιλείας δόσει τιμᾷ, καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους εἰς τὸν αὐτὸν ζῆλον καλεῖ. Καὶ ἵνα μάθῃς ὅτι διὰ τοῦτο ταῦτα εἶπεν, ἵνα καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους παιδεύσῃ πιστεύειν οὕτως, ἄκουσον τοῦ εὐαγγελιστοῦ τὴν ἀκρίβειαν, πῶς αὐτὸ ᾐνίξατο· Στραφεὶς γὰρ, φησὶν, ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἶπε τοῖς ἀκολουθοῦσιν αὐτῷ· Οὐδὲ ἐν τῷ Ἰσραὴλ τοσαύτην πίστιν εὗρον. Ἄρα τὸ μεγάλα περὶ αὐτοῦ φαντάζεσθαι, τοῦτο μάλιστα πίστεως, καὶ βασιλείας καὶ τῶν ἄλλων πρόξενον ἀγαθῶν. Οὐδὲ γὰρ μέχρι λόγων αὐτῷ γέγονεν ὁ ἔπαινος, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸν νοσοῦντα ὑγιῆ ἀπέδωκεν ἀντὶ τῆς πίστεως, καὶ λαμπρὸν αὐτῷ πλέκει τὸν στέφανον, καὶ μεγάλας ἐπαγγέλλεται δωρεὰς, οὕτω λέγων· Πολλοὶ ἀπὸ ἀνατολῶν καὶ δυσμῶν ἥξουσι, καὶ ἀνακλιθήσονται εἰς τοὺς κόλπους Ἀβραὰμ καὶ Ἰσαὰκ καὶ Ἰακώβ· οἱ δὲ υἱοὶ τῆς βασιλείας ἐκβληθήσονται ἔξω. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ πολλὰ ἐπεδείξατο θαύματα, μετὰ πλείονος αὐτοῖς λοιπὸν διαλέγεται παῤῥησίας. Εἶτα, ἵνα μή τις νομίσῃ κολακείας εἶναι τὰ ῥήματα, ἀλλὰ μάθωσιν ἅπαντες, ὅτι οὕτω διέκειτο ὁ ἑκατοντάρχης, φησίν· Ὕπαγε· ὡς ἐπίστευσας γενηθήτω σοι. Καὶ εὐθέως τὸ ἔργον ἠκολούθησε μαρτυροῦν τῇ προαιρέσει. Καὶ ἰάθη ὁ παῖς αὐτοῦ ἀπὸ τῆς ὥρας ἐκείνης. Ὅπερ καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς Συροφοινικίσσης συνέβη· καὶ γὰρ ἐκείνῃ φησίν· Ὦ γύναι, μεγάλη σου ἡ πίστις· γενηθήτω σοι ὡς θέλεις. Καὶ ἰάθη ἡ θυγάτηρ αὐτῆς. Ἐπειδῆ δὲ καὶ ὁ Λουκᾶς τοῦτο τὸ θαῦμα ἀπαγγέλλων παρεντίθησιν ἕτερα πλείονα, ἃ δοκεῖ διαφωνίαν ἐμφαίνειν, ἐπιλῦσαι καὶ ταῦτα ἀναγκαῖον ὑμῖν. Τί οὖν φησιν ὁ Λουκᾶς; Ἔπεμψε πρεσβυτέρους τῶν Ἰουδαίων πρὸς αὐτὸν, παρακαλῶν αὐτὸν ἐλθεῖν. Ὁ δὲ Ματθαῖός φησιν, ὅτι αὐτὸς προσελθὼν ἔλεγεν, ὅτι Οὐκ εἰμὶ ἄξιος. Καί τινες μέν φασιν, ὅτι οὐκ ἔστιν οὗτος ἐκεῖνος, εἰ καὶ πολλὰ ἐοικότα ἔχει. Περὶ μὲν γὰρ ἐκείνου φησὶν, ὅτι Καὶ τὴν συναγωγὴν ἡμῶν ἔκτισε, καὶ τὸ ἔθνος ἀγαπᾷ· περὶ δὲ τούτου αὐτός φησιν ὁ Ἰησοῦς· Οὐδὲ ἐν τῷ Ἰσραὴλ τοσαύτην πίστιν εὗρον. Καὶ ἐπ' ἐκείνου μὲν οὐκ εἶπεν, ὅτι Πολλοὶ ἥξουσιν ἀπὸ ἀνατολῶν, ὅθεν εἰκὸς Ἰουδαῖον αὐτὸν εἶναι. Τί οὖν ἐροῦμεν; Ὅτι αὕτη μὲν εὔκολος ἡ λύσις· τὸ δὲ ζητούμενον, εἰ ἀληθής. Ἐμοὶ δοκεῖ οὗτος ἐκεῖνος εἶναι. Πῶς οὖν, φησὶν, ὁ μὲν Ματθαῖος λέγει, ὅτι αὐτὸς εἶπεν, Οὐκ εἰμὶ ἄξιος, ἵνα μου ὑπὸ τὴν στέγην εἰσέλθῃς· ὁ δὲ Λουκᾶς, ὅτι ἔπεμψεν ἵνα ἔλθῃ; Ἐμοὶ δοκεῖ τὴν